HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
Dimethyl Disulfide
DMDS · 1,2-dimethyldisulfane · DIMETHYL DISULPHIDE · mds · FEMA 3536 · Dimethyldisulfid · Disulfide,dimethyl · METHYL DISULFIDE
Identifiers & Physical Properties
| CAS No. | 624-92-0 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C2H6S2 |
| Average molar mass | 94.2 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic mass | 93.99109219 g/mol |
| SMILES | CSSC |
| InChIKey | WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 12232 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1347061 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:4608 |
| EC No. | 210-871-0 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID4025117 |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| XLogP | 1.8 |
|---|---|
| Topological polar surface area | 50.6 |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 0 |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 2 |
| Rotatable bonds | 1 |
| Heavy atoms | 4 |
| Formal charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 6 |
| Chemical classes | Other Classes -> Sulfur CompoundsFlammable agents - 3rd degree |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Schoenflies notation |
| Fragrances | Fragrance Ingredient (Dimethyl disulfide) -> IFRA transparency List |
| Pesticides | Fungicides, NematicidesActive substance -> EU Pesticides database: Pending |
| LogP (partition coefficient) | log Kow = 1.77 |
| Odor | Garlic-likeSulfurousDiffuse, intense onion odorat 0.10 % in propylene glycol. sulfurous vegetable cabbage onion |
| Food additives | FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT -> FDA Substance added to food |
| Density | 1.065 at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) - Denser than waterwill sink1.0625 g/cu cm at 20 °CRelative density (water = 1): 1.061.058-1.065 (20 °C)1.0625 @ 20°C |
| Flavoring agents | EU Flavoring substances |
| Viscosity | 0.62 mPa.sec at 20 °C0.58 mm²/s at 20 °C0.594mm2/s |
| Color/Form | Yellow liquidColorles to pale-yellow liquid |
| Solubility | less than 1 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)Insoluble in waterMiscible with ethanol, ethyl etherCompletely miscible with most organic solventsVery slightly soluble in watersoluble in alcohol and oils3 mg/mL at 25 °C2.7g/l<0.1 g/100 mL at 20 ºC |
| Melting point | -85 °C |
| Boiling point | 109 °C(lit.) |
| Vapor density | 3.24 (vs air) |
| Vapor pressure | 22 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Refractive index | n20/D 1.525(lit.) |
| FEMA | 3536 | DIMETHYL DISULFIDE |
| FLAVIS Number | 12.026 | Dimethyl disulfide |
| Flash point | 76 °F |
| Storage conditions | Flammables area |
| Physical state | Liquid |
| Specific gravity | 1.0647 (20/4℃) |
| Color | Clear yellow |
| Odor type | sulfurous |
| Odor threshold | 0.0022ppm |
| Biological source | rabbit |
| Explosive limits | 1.1-16.1%(V) |
| Specific heat capacity | Cp(liquid): 1.55 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| JECFA Number | 564 |
| BRN | 1730824 |
| Henry's law constant | 5.8×10-3 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Burkholder et al. (2019) |
| Exposure limits | ACGIH: TWA 0.5 ppm (Skin) |
| Dielectric constant | 9.7699999999999996 |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents. Flammable. |
| InChI | 1S/C2H6S2/c1-3-4-2/h1-2H3 |
| InChIKey | WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CSSC |
| LogP (partition coefficient) | 1.91 at 20℃ |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 624-92-0(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS) | METHYL DISULFIDE |
| NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms | MDS |
| FDA UNII | 3P8D642K5E |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Disulfide, dimethyl(624-92-0) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Methyl disulfide (624-92-0) |
| UNSPSC Code | 12352203 |
| NACRES | NA.41 |
| GHS pictogram | GHS02,GHS06,GHS08,GHS09 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| GHS hazard statements | H301+H331-H315+H320-H361-H372-H317-H336-H411-H225 |
| GHS precautionary statements | P501-P273-P272-P270-P202-P240-P260-P210-P233-P201-P243-P241-P242-P271-P264-P280-P370+P378-P391-P308+P313-P337+P313-P305+P351+P338-P362+P364-P303+P361+P353-P333+P313-P301+P310+P330-P304+P340+P311-P403+P233-P403+P235-P405 |
| Target organs | Central nervous system, Upper respiratory tract |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter |
| Hazard symbols | F,Xn,N,T+ |
| Risk statements (R) | 11-20/22-36-51/53-36/37/38-26-22-36/37 |
| Safety statements (S) | 26-61-45-38-36/37/39-28A-16-60-57-39-29 |
| UN transport number | UN 2381 |
| Water hazard class (WGK) | 2 |
| RTECS number | JO1927500 |
| Autoignition temperature | 304 °C |
| TSCA inventory status | TSCA listed |
| Hazard class | 3Acute Tox. 3 InhalationAcute Tox. 3 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1Eye Irrit. 2Flam. Liq. 2Skin Sens. 1STOT SE 1 InhalationSTOT SE 3 |
| Packing group | II |
| Customs code | 29309070 |
| Storage class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| Hazardous substances data | 624-92-0(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 290 - 500 mg/kg |
| REACH registrations | Active |
| Limited quantities | 1.0 L (0.3 gallon) (liquid) |
| Excepted quantities | Forbidden |
Safety & Regulations
| GHS classification | DangerH225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (1 of 1592) of reports.H225 (17.7%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids] |
|---|---|
| Regulatory information | Chemical: Disulfide, dimethylRegulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (amended)Disulfide, dimethyl is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Disulfide, dimethyl are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 22-03-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13671Disulfide, dimethyl: HSNO Approval: HSR001134 Approved with controlsThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| DOT label | Flammable Liquid Poison |
| Fire hazards | Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.Highly flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Above 10 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed. |
| Fire potential | A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. |
| Health hazards | Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:· TOXICmay be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. |
| Hazards summary | A mild skin irritant, dimethyl disulfide is toxic by inhalation, skin absorption, and ingestion. Workers are warned by the nauseating odor, but those exposed to high concentrations may experience fatigue, dyspnea, and upper respiratory tract irritation. At lethal concentrations, animals suffer severe lung injury and paralysis of respiratory muscles. [CHEMINFO] Showed weak to moderate sensitizing potential in local lymph node assay (LLNA) of mice[EPA - TSCATS] |
| DOT ID and guide | 2381 131 |
| FDA requirements | Methyl disulfide is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: a) they are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice, and 2) they consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part. |
| Reactive group | Sulfides, Organic |
| EC classification | Symbol: F, Xn, NR: 11-20/22-36/37-43-50/53S: 16-26-33-36/37-60-61 |
| UN classification | UN Hazard Class: 3UN Subsidiary Risks: 6.1UN Pack Group: II |
| Reactivity Alerts | Highly Flammable |
| Fire fighting | Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. |
| First aid measures | Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give nothing to drink. Refer for medical attention . |
| Accidental release measures | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
| First aid | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.General First Aid: |
| Safe storage | Fireproof. Well closed. Separated from oxidants. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. |
| Exposure control and personal protection | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Nonfire spill response | Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]: |
| Disposal methods | SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. |
| Spillage disposal | Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Remove all ignition sources. Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Carefully collect remainder in sealable containers. Store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
| Preventive Measures | SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning. |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 131 [Flammable Liquids - Toxic]:Immediate precautionary measure |
| Eye Prevention | Wear safety goggles. |
| Body burden | For Fiscal Year 1982, dimethyl disulfide was detected, not quantified, in 27 of 46 composites of human adipose tissue as analyzed for EPA's National Human Adipose Tissue Survey (NHATS)(1). Dimethyl disulfide was qualitatively detected in 2 of 10 samples of expired air from humans(2)its presence was considered to be of metabolic origin(2). In an analysis of 387 expired air samples from 54 healthy, non-smoking adults, dimethyl disulfide was detected in 33.1 samples at a mean concentration of 1.94 ng/L(3). Dimethyl disulfide was qualitatively detected in 6 of 12 samples of human milk collected from volunteers in Bayonne, NJ, Jersey City, NJ, Bridgeville, PA, and Baton Rouge, LA(4). Dimethyl disulfide was identified, not quantified, in human urine samples(5). |
| Ecotoxicity values | LD50Species: Colinus virginianus (Bobwhite quail) 31 weeks oldoral via capsule 320 mg/kg (95% confidence limit: 250-410 mg/kg)EC50Species: Anabaena flosaquae (Blue-Green Algae)Conditions: freshwater, staticConcentration: 320 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence limit: 110-900 ug/L)Effect: population abundance /99.6% purity/Species: Navicula pelliculosa (Diatom)Concentration: 22000 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence limit: 20000-23000 ug/L)Species: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Green Algae)Concentration: 15000 ug/L for 72 hr (95% confidence limit: 11000-20000 ug/L)Effect: population abundance /99.9% purity/For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for Dimethyl Disulfide (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Environmental fate | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that dimethyl disulfide is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of dimethyl disulfide from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.21X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(3). Dimethyl disulfide is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 28.7 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). Methyl disulfide had a 0% theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(5) suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC). However, in a study using anoxic salt marsh sediments, dimethyl disulfide was rapidly reduced by 50% in 1-2 days to methanethiol(6), suggesting that biodegradation under anaerobic conditions is an important environmental fate process(SRC). Dimethyl disulfide absorbs UV light in the environmental spectrum and has been shown to photolyze rapidly, in gas phase, in sunlight(7,8)although photolysis rates on soil have not been measured, the surface half-life (for full sunlight exposure) may be similar to the several hour half-life observed for the gas phase(8). As well as releasing methyl disulfide in the gas phase, soil can also adsorb dimethyl disulfide from the gas phase and act as an environment sink(9)the relative importance of this process is not clear(SRC).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that dimethyl disulfide is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.21X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.5 hours and 4.1 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 0.3(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.77(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Dimethyl disulfide absorbs UV light in the environmental spectrum and has been shown to photolyze rapidly, in gas phase in sunlight(8-9)although photolysis rates in water have not been measured, the near-surface half-life (for full sunlight exposure) may be similar to the several hour half-life observed in the gas phase(9). The aqueous hydrolysis of dimethyl disulfide at ambient temperatures and pHs <12 is too slow to be an important environmental fate process(10). Under anoxic conditions in salt marsh sediments, the initial concentration of methyl disulfide was reduced by 50% in 1-2 days(11). However, data for aerobic biodegradation indicate dimethyl disulfide is recalcitrant under these conditions(12).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dimethyl disulfide, which has a vapor pressure of 28.7 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dimethyl disulfide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.6 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.39X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Direct photolysis (half-life of 3.2-4.6 hr at full sunlight)(4-5) and reaction with nitrate radicals (half-life of 1.1 hr during night-time hrs)(6) will also contribute to its atmospheric degradation. Physical removal from air can occur through gas phase sorption by soil(7). |
| Food survey values | Reported found in sour cherry, guava, melon, peach, pineapple, strawberry, cabbage, kohlrabi, onion, garlic, shallot, leek, peas, potato, rutabaga, tomato, parsley, breads, many cheeses, yogurt, milk, eggs, fish, meas, hop oil, beer, Scotch whiskey, cognac, wine grapes, cocoa, coffee, peanut, peanut butter, pecan, potato chips, oats, soybean, beans, mushrooms, trassi, macadamia nut, mango, cauliflower, broccoli, brussels sprouts, rice, radish, sukiyaki, sake, watercress, malt, wort, krill, southern pea, loquat, sapodilla, shrimp, oyster, crab, crayfish, clam, scallops and squid.Dimethyl disulfide has been identified in processed cassava products(1) and in volatile components of roasted filbert nuts(2), cooked potatoes(3), coffee(4), mature kiwi fruit(5), raw chicken breast(6), Welsh onions and scallions(7), scrambled eggs(8), chickpeas(9), fresh strawberries(10), cooked mutton, chicken, beef and pork volatiles(11), frankfurters(12), and cooked peas(13). dimethyl disulfide was detected in ground and whole musty sorghum(14).Dimethyl disulfide concentrations of 0.64-2.51 ug/g garlic bulb were detected(1). Dimethyl disulfide was present in the volatiles formed by popping popcorn at 13 to 20 ug/kg(2). Mean dimethyl disulfide concentrations in anchovy, big eyed herring, hair tail viscera, and shrimp paste were 540, 32900, 182, and 224 ng/g, respectively(3). Dimethyl disulfide composed 2.32% of the total volatiles isolated from stir-fried garlic(4). Volatiles in Italian-type dry-cured Parma ham included dimethyl disulfideat day 3 in the production process no dimethyl disulfide was present, by 485 days dimethyl disulfide concentration was 59 ng dodecane equivalents(5). Volatiles from spoiled Parma ham contained dimethyl disulfide at 36 ng dodecane equivalents(5). Mean dimethyl disulfide concentrations were 114.1, 30.2, and 25.9 ug/kg measured in honey derived form honeydew of Holm-oak, oak and forest, respectively(6). |
| Adverse effects | Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin |
| Exposure routes | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion. |
| Milk Concentrations | Dimethyl disulfide was qualitatively detected in 6 of 12 samples of human milk samples collected from volunteers in Bayonne, NJ, Jersey City, NJ, Bridgeville, PA, and Baton Rouge, LA(1). Volatiles from cold-stored cows milk contained dimethyl disulfide at unreported concentrations(2). |
| Plant Concentrations | Volatile organic compounds emitted from Allium ursinum, planted as ground cover, contained dimethyl disulfidean average emission rate for this compound was measured as 0.239 ug/g-hr (per unit of ground area 14.6 ug/sq m-hr)(1).Plants containing dimethyldusulfide(1).[Table#5961] |
| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Sore throat. Headache. Nausea. Dizziness. Drowsiness.EASILY ABSORBED! Redness. Further see Inhalation.Redness. Pain. |
| Effluent Concentrations | The average dimethyl disulfide concentration of wastewater effluent collected from the Los Angeles County treatment plant between Nov 1980 and Aug 1981 was 45 ug/L(1). Effluent from a 5-yr old community septic tank contained dimethyl disulfide at 29.7 ug/L(2). Dimethyl disulfide was detected in 3 of 63 wastewater effluents (concentration <100 ppb) collected from chemical manufacturing plants across the US(3). Dimethyl disulfide was detected in 5 of 204 water samples collected from 14 heavily industrialized river basins in the US(4). A dimethyl disulfide concentration of 1.2 mg/L was detected in a leachate collected from a Minnesota municipal solid waste landfill(5). Dimethyl disulfide was detected as a volatile compound in samples of kitchen waste, kitchen waste exudate, stored food exudate, and garden waste, previously collected as municipal waste, at unreported concentrations(6-7). Dimethyl disulfide was detected by headspace analysis in 4 of 4 biodegradable waste samples and 4 of 7 mixed waste samples(8). Dimethyl disulfide was detected in the volatile emissions from laboratory compost(9).Dimethyl disulfide concentrations in biogas were 0-1020 ppbV in 8 samples taken Nov 2000 to Jun 2002after gasses were passed through a scrubber, levels were decreased to <1-4 ppbV(1). Atmospheric emissions rates of dimethyl disulfide from 5 wetland plant soils in Florida ranged from <0.03 to 1.5 ug (sulfur basis)/sq m/hr(2)the dimethyl disulfide emitted resulted from biogenic formation(2). The estimated emission rates of dimethyl disulfide to the atmosphere from natural sources has been reported as follows (in million tons sulfur/yr)(3): oceanic: 0-1salt marsh: 0.13inland swamps: 0.2soil and plants: 1burning of biomass: 0-1volcanoes and fumaroles: 0.01(3). |
| ICSC Environmental Data | It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment. The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Soil Adsorption/Mobility | Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of dimethyl disulfide can be estimated to be 40(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that dimethyl disulfide is expected to have very high mobility in soil. Gas chromatographic studies with various air-dry and moist soils have shown that soil can sorb atmospheric, gas phase dimethyl disulfide(3). In one closed-system test, 17-94% of input dimethyl disulfide was sorbed by the soil in 10 min(3)in a 15-day test, dimethyl disulfide sorption was 101-306 ug sorbed/g soil(3). Soil microbes were found to be important for the gas phase sorption of dimethyl disulfide as 15-day sorption in sterilized soil was only 9-98 ug sorbed/g soil(3). |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter |
| Water hazard class (WGK) | 2 |
| TSCA inventory status | TSCA listed |
| RTECS number | JO1927500 |
| UN transport number | UN 2381 |
| Customs code | 29309070 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 290 - 500 mg/kg |
| Risk statements (R) | 11-20/22-36-51/53-36/37/38-26-22-36/37 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| GHS pictogram | GHS02,GHS06,GHS08,GHS09 |
| Hazard symbols | F,Xn,N,T+ |
| Safety statements (S) | 26-61-45-38-36/37/39-28A-16-60-57-39-29 |
| Hazard class | 3Acute Tox. 3 InhalationAcute Tox. 3 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1Eye Irrit. 2Flam. Liq. 2Skin Sens. 1STOT SE 1 InhalationSTOT SE 3 |
| Storage class | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| Packing group | II |
| Target organs | Central nervous system, Upper respiratory tract |
| GHS hazard statements | H301+H331-H315+H320-H361-H372-H317-H336-H411-H225 |
| Limited quantities | 1.0 L (0.3 gallon) (liquid) |
| Excepted quantities | Forbidden |
| REACH registrations | Active |
| Autoignition temperature | 304 °C |
| GHS precautionary statements | P501-P273-P272-P270-P202-P240-P260-P210-P233-P201-P243-P241-P242-P271-P264-P280-P370+P378-P391-P308+P313-P337+P313-P305+P351+P338-P362+P364-P303+P361+P353-P333+P313-P301+P310+P330-P304+P340+P311-P403+P233-P403+P235-P405 |
| Hazardous substances data | 624-92-0(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Applications & Uses
Description
Dimethyl disulfide has a diffuse intense onion odor. It is nonlachrymatory. Ironically, although many find its odor objectionable at high concentrations as noted above, when diluted, its aroma has also been described as pleasant. Dimethyl disulfide is often used in combination with other flavor compounds in food products, including baked goods, cheese, frozen dairy products, meat products, soups, savory flavors, fruit flavors, soft candy, gelatin, puddings, and both alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages.
Occurrence
Reported found in sour cherry, guava, melon, peach, pineapple, strawberry, cabbage, kohlrabi, onion, garlic, shallot, leek, chive, peas, potato, rutabaga, tomato, parsley, breads, many cheeses, yogurt, milk, egg, fish, meats, hop oil, beer, Scotch whiskey, cognac, grape wines, cocoa, coffee, peanut, peanut butter, pecan, potato chips, oats, soybean, beans, mushrooms, trassi, macadamia nut, mango, cauliflower, broccoli, brussels sprouts, rice, radish, sukiyaki, sake, watercress, malt, wort, krill, southern pea, loquat, sapodilla, shrimp, oyster, crab, crayfish, clam, scallops and squid.
Uses
Industrially, Dimethyl disulfide is also used as a sulfiding agent to catalyze reactions in oil refineries and other industries. It has a low flash point of 16 ℃ (61 °F) that presents fire hazards during refinery usage. Due to its strong odor and low flash point, Dimethyl disulfide typically requires storage under nitrogen pressure in closed containers.Dimethyl disulfide has a sulfurous odor similar to that of garlic and decaying fish. Because of the distinctive odor of sulfur compounds, similar to DMDS, they are often added to natural gas and propane to warn of leaks and protect people. Therefore, the odor of a DMDS fumigation can be mistaken for a gas leak. DMDS has an odor threshold of approximately 7 ppb, which is about 8 times less than the health‐based level considered by the EPA to be safe (55 ppb).
Uses
Dimethyl disulfide is used as an intermediate as well as a food additive in onion, garlic, cheese, meats, soups, savory flavors and fruit flavors. It is used in oil refineries as a sulfiding agent. It is used to alfa substitute 2-methylfuran-acrolein to produce food stuff. It is involved in the preparation of 4-(methylthio)phenol. Further, it is used to replace methyl mercaptan as a jet fuel additive. It finds application in artificial flavoring agent and a corrosion inhibitor. In addition to this, it serves as an effective soil fumigant in agriculture.
General Description
A colorless oily liquid with a garlic-like odor. Denser than water and slightly soluble in water. Flash point 40°F. Vapors heavier than air. May irritate skin and eyes. Used to make other chemicals.
Preparation & Synthesis
Preparation
Dimethyl disulfide can be prepared by the reaction between imethyl sulfate and sodium sulfide. under stirring, sulfur powder was added into sodium sulfide solution. The above reaction system was heated Up to 80-90℃, after reaction for 1 h, cooled to about 30 ℃. Dimethyl sulfate was dropped into the reaction system and the reaction was continued for 2h. Then, distillation, stratification, Separating waste alkali liquor, then through distillation and final products are prepared.In industry,dimethyl sulfate method is adopted to synthesize dimethyl disulfide.Na2S+S→Na2S2Na2S2+(CH3)2SO4→CH3SSCH3+Na2SO4From magnesium methyl iodide and S2Cl2, or from S2S2 and sodium methyl sulfate; also from methyl bromide and sodium thiosulfate, after which the resulting sodium methylthiosulfate is heated to yield dimethyl disulfide.