| GHS classification | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.9% (44 of 4731) of reports.DangerH302 (42.5%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 4731 reports by companies from 33 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 5.1% (26 of 506) of reports. |
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| Regulatory information | Chemical: Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy- (2R,3R)-Chemical: Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (R*,R*)-(.+-.)-Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 (amended)Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy- (2R,3R)- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy- (2R,3R)- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 04-02-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15126Status: Active Update: 03-10-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/34095 |
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| Other safety information | IMAP assessments - Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy-, (R*,R*)-(.+-.)-: Human health tier I assessmentIMAP assessments - Butanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy- [R-(R*,R*)]-: Human health tier I assessment |
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| Fire hazards | Combustible. |
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| Hazards summary | Causes burnsInhalation of aerosol may cause pulmonary edema[ICSC] An irritant[Acros Organics MSDS]A local irritant[Merck Index] May cause serious eye injury[ECHA REACH Registrations] Maximum total daily intake of tartrate of 0-6 mg/kg (unconditional acceptance) and 6-20 mg/kg (conditional acceptance)[JECFA] A skin and strong eye irritant[Alfa Aesar MSDS] |
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| EPA Safer Chemical | Chemical: Tartaric acid |
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| Chemical Dangers | The solution in water is a medium strong acid. Reacts with fluorine, strong oxidants, hydrogen peroxide, alkaline compounds and silver. This produces toxic fumes. |
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| Physical Dangers | The vapour is heavier than air. |
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| Hazard Classes and Categories | Skin Irrit. 2 (22.1%)Acute Tox. 4 (42.5%) |
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| Fire fighting | Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. |
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| First aid measures | Fresh air, rest. Seek medical attention if you feel unwell.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Seek medical attention if you feel unwell. |
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| Safe storage | Store only in original packaging. |
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| Exposure control and personal protection | 2.0 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)] |
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| Spillage disposal | Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
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| Eye Prevention | Wear safety goggles. |
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| Fire Prevention | NO open flames. |
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| Inhalation Risk | A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if powdered. |
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| Skin Prevention | Protective gloves. Protective clothing. |
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| Exposure Prevention | PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! STRICT HYGIENE! |
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| Ingestion Prevention | Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. |
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| Inhalation Prevention | Use local exhaust, ventilation or breathing protection. |
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| Adverse effects | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns. |
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| Exposure routes | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion. |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation.Redness.Redness. Pain. Severe burns.Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Nausea. Vomiting. |
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| Human Toxicity Excerpts | A fatal tubular nephropathy occurred in an adult male who accidentally ingested about 30 grams of tartaric acid. |
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| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
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| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | The authors of this 2022 publication looked at ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center electronic database reports of dogs that developed acute kidney injury following ingestion of cream of tartar (potassium bitartrate) or tamarinds. They noted that the clinical signs, laboratory findings, and histopathologic lesions were similar to those reported in the grape and raisin toxicosis found in dogs. Given the sensitivity of dogs to tartaric acid, the authors proposed that tartaric acid is the likely toxic component associated with both grape and tamarind acute kidney injury. These authors also noted that detartration (removal of tartrates) of processed products could explain the lack of reported toxicosis following exposure to agents such as grape juice, jam, and wine. Further, the authors noted that thermal decomposition of tartaric acid may explain the anecdotal observation that cooked grapes and raisins |
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