HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
Aqua regia
Aqua regia · Knigswasser · Nitrohydrochloric acid · Aqua regia (Nitrohydrochloric acid) · Aqua regia (75% hydrochloric + 25% nitric acid)
Identifiers & Physical Properties
| CAS No. | 8007-56-5 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | Cl3H4NO3 |
| Average molar mass | 172.39 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic mass | 170.92567603 g/mol |
| SMILES | Cl.Cl.Cl.O=[N+]([O-])O |
| InChIKey | NICDRCVJGXLKSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 90477010 |
| EC No. | 690-364-2 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID50893666 |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| Topological polar surface area | 66.1 |
|---|---|
| Hydrogen bond donors | 4 |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 3 |
| Rotatable bonds | 0 |
| Heavy atoms | 7 |
| Formal charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 24.8 |
| Chemical classes | Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Acids, InorganicCorrosives |
| Physical Description | Aqua regia appears as a yellow liquid with a pungent odor prepared by mixing nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, usually in a ratio of one part of nitric acid to three or four parts of hydrochloric acid. Fumes are irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes. Corrosive to metals and to tissue.Yellow fuming liquid with a suffocating odor[Merck Index] Red, yellow, or gold fuming liquid[University of Oxford MSDS] |
| Stability | Pressure will develop in sealed bottles. Incompatible with (and may react violently with) a wide variety of materials, including metals, oxidising agents, reducing agents, combustible materials. |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 8007-56-5 |
| FDA UNII | X3TT5X989E |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Aqua regia (8007-56-5) |
| UN transport number | UN 1798 |
| Hazard class | 8 |
| Packing group | I |
Safety & Regulations
| GHS classification | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 100% (3 of 3) of all reports.Not ClassifiedAggregated GHS information provided per 3 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. |
|---|---|
| Regulatory information | The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| DOT label | Corrosive |
| Fire hazards | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. |
| Health hazards | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVEinhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. |
| Hazards summary | Contains nitrosyl chloride and free chlorineCorrosive[Merck Index] A strong oxidizing agent with known catalytic activityReacts with airCauses burns[CAMEO] Causes burns and severe respiratory tract irritationHighly toxic by ingestion and inhalation[University of Oxford MSDS] See Nitric acid and Hydrogen chloride. |
| DOT ID and guide | 1798 157 |
| Reactive group | Acids, Strong Oxidizing |
| Reactivity Alerts | Strong Oxidizing Agent |
| Reactivity Profile | AQUA REGIA is a powerful oxidizing agent and a strong acid. Reacts exothermically with chemical bases (for example: amines and inorganic hydroxides) to form salts and water. Reacts with most metals, including gold and platinum, to dissolve them with generation of toxic and/or flammable gases. Can initiate polymerization in polymerizable organic compounds. Reacts with cyanide salts to generate toxic hydrogen cyanide gas. Generates flammable and/or toxic gases with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and weak or strong reducing agents. Additional exothermic gas-generating reactions occur with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), and carbonates (CO2). |
| DOT Hazard Classification | Nitrohydrochloric acidUN1798Class 8 Corrosive material (49 eCFR § 173.136)PG I: the degree of danger presented by the material is great |
| Air and Water Reactions | Fumes in air. Soluble in water with release of heat. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Not ClassifiedCorrosives |
| Fire fighting | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: |
| Accidental release measures | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
| First aid | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:General First Aid: |
| Exposure control and personal protection | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Nonfire spill response | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:Immediate precautionary measure |
| Protective Action Criteria (PAC) | 1.8 [ppm]22 [ppm]100 [ppm] |
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: |
| Emergency Response Planning Guidelines | · Note: Some foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases. |
| Adverse effects | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns. |
| UN transport number | UN 1798 |
| Hazard class | 8 |
| Packing group | I |
Applications & Uses
Uses
Metallurgy, testing metals, dissolving metals.
General Description
A yellow liquid with a pungent odor prepared by mixing nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, usually in a ratio of one part of nitric acid to three or four parts of hydrochloric acid. Fumes are irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes. Corrosive to metals and to tissue. Density 14.7 lb /gal.