Nitrate → Cerium nitrate

Participants

Reaction Steps

The invention has been described above with reference to numerous embodiments and specific examples. Many variations will suggest themselves to those skilled in this art in light of the above detailed description. All such obvious variations are within the full intended scope of the appended claims. That being said, it will be understood that preferred embodiments of the present invention include Particularly preferred are: a method of making an acidic mixed metal oxide having the composition described by formula (1): XmYnZpOq wherein X is at least one metal selected from Group 4 of the Periodic Table of Elements, Y is at least one metal selected from Group 3 (including the Lanthanides and Actinides) of the Periodic Table of Elements, S is sulfur, and O is oxygen; m, n, p and q are the atomic ratios of their respective components and, when m is 1, n is from about 0.01 to about 0.75, p is 0.01 to about 0.50, and q is the number of oxygen atoms necessary to satisfy the valence of the other components made by coprecipitating X and Y from separate salts in the presence of a sulfur-containing species (also contemplating preferred ranges of these atomic ratios as set forth hereinabove); a process for selectively converting a dialkyl ether to the corresponding alkene and alkanol, the process comprising contacting a feed containing at least one dialkyl ether with a catalyst comprising an acidic mixed metal oxide having the compositioin of formula (1): XmYnZpOq wherein X is at least one metal selected from Group 4 of the Periodic Table of Elements, Y is at least one metal selected from Group 3 (including the Lanthanides and Actinides) of the Periodic Table of Elements, S is sulfur, and O is oxygen; m, n, p and q are the atomic ratios of their respective components and, when m is 1, n is from about 0.01 to about 0.75, p is 0.01 to about 0.50, and q is the number of oxygen atoms necessary to satisfy the valence of the other components made by coprecipitating X and Y from separate salts in the presence of a sulfur-containing species (again, contemplating also the preferred atomic ratios set forth hereinabove); a process for selectively converting a dialkyl ether to the corresponding alkene and alkanol, the process comprising contacting a feed containing at least one dialkyl ether with a catalyst comprising a cerium-zirconium catalyst in the presence of water, wherein said cerium-zirconium catalyst is made by a process comprising coprecipitating cerium and zirconium from separate salts in the presence of sulfate ions; a method of making a cerium-zirconium mixed oxide comprising coprecipitating cerium and zirconium from separate salts in the presence of sulfate ions; a method of making IPA comprising contacting IPE with a catalyst comprising a mixed cerium-zirconium oxide catalyst in the presence of water, wherein said cerium-zirconium catalyst is made by the process of coprecipitating cerium and zirconium from separate salts in the presence of sulfate ions; any of the aforementioned embodiments of which may be further characterized by one or more of the following, which may be applied as would be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in possession of the present disclosure: said cerium-zirconium catalyst is made by a process further comprising: (a) contacting a solution containing X, Y, and S ions (particularly cerium, zirconium, and sulfate ions, respectively) with a basic solution to form a slurry; (b) recovering said slurry; (c) filtering said slurry to recover a filtercake; (d) drying and calcining said filtercake to obtain said cerium-zirconium mixed oxide (which may be further characterized, in a still more preferred embodiment, by: wherein after step (b) and before step (c) said slurry is aged at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined period of time, such as for a period of about 5 hours to about 200 hours at a temperature of from about 50 to about 250° C., for a period of about 20 hours to about 100 hours at a temperature of from about 50 to about 200° C., for a period of about 20 hours to about 72 hours at a temperature of from about 75 to about 150° C.); and also wherein said basic solution is an aqueous amonium hydroxide solution; wherein X is zirconyl nitrate; wherein Y is cerium sulfate, wherein Y is provided by is provided in the form of a sulfuric acid complex, especially preferred being a sulfuric acid complex of a cerium salt; wherein at least one source of S is the sulfate ion SO4−2, and more particularly wherein the sulfate ion is sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, or a mixture thereof, and even more particularly wherein the source of sulfate ion consists essentially of sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, or a combination thereof; and also wherein Y is cerium and is provided by is a cerium(III) salt and/or a cerium(IV) salt; and where Y is cerium and is provided by cerium nitrate. Another preferred embodiment includes use of the catalyst comprising the material described by formula (1) in other reactions wherein certain feeds, which may include exhaust gases (especially exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine) contact said catalyst.

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