| GHS 分類 | DangerH317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]P203, P233, P260, P261, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P302+P352, P304+P340, P318, P321, P333+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P391, P403, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H317 (100%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin] |
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| 規制情報 | Chemical: Acetic acid, cobalt(2+) saltHazard Traits - CarcinogenicityReproductive ToxicityRespiratory ToxicityAcetic acid, cobalt(2+) salt (2:1) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Acetic acid, cobalt(2+) salt (2:1) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 21-10-2021 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14769Substance: Cobalt(II) diacetateCobalt (II) acetate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
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| その他の安全情報 | IMAP assessments - Soluble cobalt (II) and salts: Human health tier II assessment |
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| 火災危険 | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic cobalt oxide fumes may form in fire. (USCG, 1999) |
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| 健康有害性 | Inhalation causes shortness of breath and coughingpermanent disability may occur. Ingestion causes pain and vomiting. Contact with eyes causes irritation. Contact with skin may cause dermatitis. (USCG, 1999) |
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| 有害性の概要 | An eye irritant[CAMEO] May cause skin sensitization and asthma after prolonged contact[CHEMINFO] Harmful if swallowedMay cause skin sensitization[MSDSonline] See Cobalt. |
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| FDA 要件 | Cobaltous acetate is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.Trace minerals added to animal feeds. These substances added to animal feeds as nutritional dietary supplements are generally recognized as safe when added at levels consistent with good feeding practice. All substances listed may be in anhydrous or hydrated form. Cobalt acetate is included on this list. |
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| 反応性グループ | Salts, Basic |
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| Reactivity Profile | Salts, basic, such as COBALT ACETATE, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydroxide ions and have pH's greater than 7.0. They react as bases to neutralize acids. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of the bases in reactivity group 10 (Bases) and the neutralization of amines. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. |
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| 大気基準 | Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Cobaltous acetate is included on this list. |
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| Air and Water Reactions | Water soluble. Deliquescent |
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| Other Hazardous Reactions | Evaporation at 20 °C is negligiblea harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed. |
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| Toxic Combustion Products | Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture: Carbon oxides, cobalt/cobalt oxides. |
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| 応急処置 | INHALATION: move to fresh airif breathing has stopped, begin artificial respiration. |
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| 暴露管理・個人防護 | Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Cobalt in urine = 15 ug/Lsample at end of shift at end of workweek |
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| 消火手順 | Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.In case of fire in the surroundings: use appropriate extinguishing media. /Tetrahydrate ("The recommendations on this Card also apply to Cobalt (II) acetate anhydrous (CAS 71-48-7).")/ |
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| 保管条件 | Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Hygroscopic. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non-combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effectsSeparated from strong oxidants. Well closed. /Tetrahydrate ("The recommendations on this Card also apply to Cobalt (II) acetate anhydrous (CAS 71-48-7).")/ |
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| 清掃方法 | ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.Liquid material spills can be copiously flushed with water and channeled to a treatment system or holding tank for reclamation or proper disposal. Spills of dry material can be removed by vacuuming or wet mopping. Some spills can be removed by hosing, first with a mist of water to dampen the spilled material and then with a more forceful stream that flushes it into a holding tank or other facility for handling contaminated water. Work surfaces or contaminated clothing should never be cleaned by dry sweeping or blowing with pressurized hoses. Recovery systems used to reclaim waste metals should comply with federal, state, and local regulations. All waste materials generated in the handling of cobalt-containing substances should be disposed of in compliance with federal, state, and local regulations. /Cobalt and cobalt salts/ |
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| 処分方法 | SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in air, soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubberContaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.Sweep spilled substance into containersif appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. (Extra personal protection: P2 filter respirator for harmful particles.) Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. /Tetrahydrate ("The recommendations on this Card also apply to Cobalt (II) acetate anhydrous (CAS 71-48-7).")/ |
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| Preventive Measures | SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Further processing of solid materials may result in the formation of combustible dusts. The potential for combustible dust formation should be taken into consideration before additional processing occurs. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Cobaltous acetate (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Minimum Risk Level | Chronic Inhalation: 0.0001 mg/m3 (L134)
Intermediate Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (L134) |
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| Threshold Limit Values (TLV) | 0.02 [mg/m3], as Co8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.02 mg/cu m. /Cobalt and inorganic compounds, as Co/Peak Exposure Recommendation: Transient increases in workers' exposure levels may exceed 3 times the value of the TLV-TWA level for no more than 15 minutes at a time, on no more than 4 occasions spaced 1 hour apart during a workday, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the value of the TLV-TWA level. In addition, the 8-hour TWA is not to be exceeded for an 8-hour work period. /Cobalt and inorganic compounds, as Co/A3: Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans. /Cobalt and inorganic compounds, as Co/Biological Exposure Index (BEI): Determinant: cobalt in urineSampling Time: end of shift at end of workweekBEI: 15 ug/L. Notation: The determinant is nonspecific, since it is also observed after after exposure to other chemicals. /Cobalt and inorganic compounds, including cobalt oxides but not combined with tungsten carbide/BEI: None. Notation: The determinant is nonspecific, since it is also observed after exposure to other chemicals. Biological monitoring should be considered for this compound based on the reviewhowever, a specific BEI could not be determined due to insufficient data. /Cobalt with tungsten carbide/ |
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| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Dust respiratorrubber glovesgoggles or face shieldprotective clothing (USCG, 1999)Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).Skin protection: Handle with gloves.Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle respirator type N100 (US) or type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).Local exhaust or breathing protection. Protective gloves. Protective clothing. Safety goggles, or eye protection in combination with breathing protection. /Tetrahydrate ("The recommendations on this Card also apply to Cobalt (II) acetate anhydrous (CAS 71-48-7).")/ |
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| Treatment | Treatment of cobalt poisoning is symptomatic. (L29) |
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| 健康影響 | Exposure to high amount of cobalt can cause heart, lung, kidney, and liver damage. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis. Cobalt may also have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. (L29, L30) |
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| 環境中動態 | ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Inorganic cobalt compounds are nonvolatile and released into the atmosphere in particulate form(1). Particulate-phase cobalt compounds are removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Cobalt has been detected in atmospheric deposition(2) and in rain-snow precipitation(3). |
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| 有害作用 | Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin. |
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| 暴露経路 | Inhalational (L29)oral (L29)dermal (L29) |
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| 毒性の概要 | IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Cobaltous acetate is a solid. It is used as a bleaching agent and drier for lacquers, varnishesin anodizingand as a catalyst for oxidation and esterification. Mineral supplement in cattle feed. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Acute human exposure led to vomiting, severe pain and tenderness in epigastrium, pain in limbs with marked weakness, hematemesis, and occult blood in stools. DNA strand breaks accumulated and repair was inhibited in irradiated HeLa cells exposed to cobaltous acetate. ANIMAL STUDIES: Following administration to rats by gastric intubation acute effects included sedation, diarrhea, and decreased body temperature. Gross pathology exam revealed hemorrhages and dystrophic changes in the liver, kidney, and heart. Oral exposure in rats led to increase in the hemoglobin and hematocrit as well as in the plasma proteins. There was significant hyperglycemia and also significant changes in the lipid parameters such as triglycerides and cholesterol. The neurological signs were observed in rats after acute cobaltous acetate intoxication under mild ischemic conditions. It was not reported to be teratogenic in hamsters or rats. Oxidative DNA base damage has been described.Cobalt is believed to exhibit its toxicity through a oxidant-based and free radical-based processes. It produces oxygen radicals and may be oxidized to ionic cobalt, causing increased lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and inducing certain enzymes that lead to cell apoptosis. Cobalt has also been shown to block inorganic calcium channels, possibly impairing neurotransmission. Cobalt can also chelate lipoic acids, impairing oxidation of pyruvate or fatty acids. In addition, cobalt may inhibit DNA repair by interacting with zinc finger DNA repair proteins, and has also been shown to inhibit heme synthesis and glucose metabolism. Cobalt may activate specific helper T-lymphocyte cells and interact directly with immunologic proteins, such as antibodies (IgA and IgE) or Fc receptors, resulting in immunosensitization. (L29) |
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| Signs and Symptoms | Cobalt inhalation can cause asthma-like breathing problems. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis, which is characterized by irritation and rashes. Ingesting large amounts of cobalt may cause nausea and vomiting. (L2090) |
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| Human Toxicity Excerpts | /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation exposure may cause asthma. Lungs may be affected by repeated or prolonged exposure. The substance may have effects on the heart, thyroid, bone marrow, when ingested./HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The substance is irritating to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract. /cobalt (II) acetate tetrahydrate//SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Gastric disturbance, symptoms occurring shortly after leaving work, involving inhalation of dry powdered cobalt acetate ... included vomiting, severe pain and tenderness in epigastrium, pain in limbs with marked weakness and on 3rd day some hematemesis, occult blood in stools./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ...a man grinding cobalt in a /poorly/ ventilated room /developed/ the symptoms /which/ were predominantly gastric but also included hematuria.For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Cobaltous acetate (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Artificial Pollution Sources | Cobaltous acetate's production and use in the manufacture of drying agents for inks, paints and varnishes, in anodizing(1-3), as a catalyst, and as a mineral supplement in animal feed additives(2,4) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). |
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| Carcinogen Classification | 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (L135) |
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| Environmental Bioconcentration | Food Chain Concentration Potential of cobaltous acretate tetrahydrate: Bioconcentration of 200-1000 fold only under constant exposure. Not significant in spill condition(1). |
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| Volatilization from Water/Soil | Evaporation of cobaltous acetate tetrahydrate at 20 °C is negligible(1). |
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