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Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Acid Halides

Corrosives

ACRID ODOR

ODOR OF PHOSGENE

SHARP, PENETRATING ODOR

1.22 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.2166 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 1.20

1.2166 @ 20°C

OILY LIQUID

COLORLESS TO PALE YELLOW LIQUID

SOL IN ETHER, ACETONE, BENZENE

Solubility in water: reaction

227 °F Vigorous decomposition occurs at these temperatures; thus these values are anomalous due to the effect of the decomp. products (benzyl chloride and CO2). (USCG, 1999)

[HSDB] 80 °C

176 °F OC; 227 °F CC

80.0 °C c.c.

306 °F at 760 mmHg (decomposes) (USCG, 1999)

152 °C AT 760 MM HG

152 °C @760 [mm Hg]

EMITS HIGHLY TOXIC PHOSGENE FUMES WHEN HEATED TO 100 °C.

DANGEROUS; WHEN HEATED TO DECOMP ... THEY EVOLVE HIGHLY TOXIC /HYDROGEN/ CHLORIDE FUMES. /CHLORIDES/

>100 °C

Danger

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

P260, P264, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P363, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.6% (1 of 173) of reports.

Danger

H314 (99.4%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

Chemical: Carbonochloridic acid, phenylmethyl ester

Carbonochloridic acid, phenylmethyl ester is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Carbonochloridic acid, phenylmethyl ester are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

Status: Active Update: 02-03-2017 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/12078

Benzyl chloroformate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic phosgene, hydrogen chloride, and benzyl chloride vapors may form.

· EXCEPT FOR ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (UN1715), THAT IS FLAMMABLE, some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily.

Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

Inhalation causes mucous membrane irritation. Eyes are irritated by excessive exposure to vapor. Liquid causes severe irritation of eyes and irritates skin. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. (USCG, 1999)

· CORROSIVE and/or TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

Use dry powder, foam, carbon dioxide.

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.

INHALATION: remove from exposure; support respiration; call physician.

General First Aid:

EXTINGUISH WITH DRY CHEMICALS, FOAM OR CARBON DIOXIDE.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Use dry chemical, dry sand, or carbon dioxide. Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Do not use water on material itself. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:

Immediate precautionary measure

Cough. Shortness of breath. Sore throat. Laboured breathing.

Skin burns.

Watering of the eyes. Severe deep burns.

Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.

... LACRIMATOR.

INHALATION CAUSES MUCOUS MEMBRANE IRRITATION. EYES ARE IRRITATED BY EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE TO VAPOR. LIQ CAUSES IRRITATION OF EYES & IRRITATES SKIN. INGESTION CAUSES IRRITATION OF MOUTH & STOMACH.

Used to make pharmaceuticals and other chemicals; [HSDB]

In peptide synthesis to block the amino group.

Reactive intermediate to pharmaceuticals and other chemicals.

GRADE OR PURITY: 97+%

Typical specifications of commercial chloroformates: purity, 98%; phosgene, <0.1%, iron, <10 ppm; acidity as HCl, <0.1%; alcohol or phenol, <2% /Chloroformic esters/

Commercial products have concentrations of 97-99 wt% /Chloroformic esters/

97%; 50 wt% in toluene

Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing

Carbonochloridic acid, phenylmethyl ester: ACTIVE

Most chloroformate production is used captively and production figures are not available /Chloroformic esters/