니트로염산
니트로염산 · Aqua regia · Knigswasser · Nitrohydrochloric acid · Aqua regia (Nitrohydrochloric acid) · Aqua regia (75% hydrochloric + 25% nitric acid)
식별자 및 물리적 특성
| CAS No. | 8007-56-5 |
|---|---|
| 분자식 | Cl3H4NO3 |
| 평균 분자량 | 172.39 g/mol |
| 단동위원소 질량 | 170.92567603 g/mol |
| SMILES | Cl.Cl.Cl.O=[N+]([O-])O |
| InChIKey | NICDRCVJGXLKSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 90477010 |
| EC No. | 690-364-2 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID50893666 |
| 현지명 | 니트로염산 |
화학 및 물리적 성질
| 극성 표면적 | 66.1 |
|---|---|
| 수소 결합 공여자 수 | 4 |
| 수소 결합 수용자 수 | 3 |
| 회전 가능 결합 수 | 0 |
| 무거운 원자 수 | 7 |
| 형식 전하 | 0 |
| 복잡도 | 24.8 |
| 물질 분류 | Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Acids, InorganicCorrosives |
| Physical Description | Aqua regia appears as a yellow liquid with a pungent odor prepared by mixing nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, usually in a ratio of one part of nitric acid to three or four parts of hydrochloric acid. Fumes are irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes. Corrosive to metals and to tissue.Yellow fuming liquid with a suffocating odor[Merck Index] Red, yellow, or gold fuming liquid[University of Oxford MSDS] |
| 안정성 | 밀봉된 병에서는 압력이 발생합니다. 금속, 산화제, 환원제, 가연성 물질을 포함한 다양한 물질과 혼합되지 않으며 격렬하게 반응할 수 있습니다. |
| EPA | Aqua regia (8007-56-5) |
화학적 성질
Aqua regia, also known as nitrohydrochloric acid and chloroazoatic acid, is a fuming,volatile liquid that is made by mixing three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid with one part concentrated nitric acid.It is very corrosive with a suffocating odor and reacts with all metals. Aqua regia typically reacts by oxidizing the metal to a metallicion and reducing the nitric acid to nitric oxide.Its reaction with silver produces silver chloride. Aquaregia dissolves the common metallic oxides and hydroxides, the ignited oxides of tin, aluminum,chromium, and iron, and the higher oxides of lead, cobalt,nickel,and manganese. It is used for testing gold and platinum.
안전 및 규제
| GHS 분류 | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 100% (3 of 3) of all reports.Not ClassifiedAggregated GHS information provided per 3 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. |
|---|---|
| 규제 정보 | The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| 운송 라벨(DOT) | Corrosive |
| 화재 위험 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. |
| 건강 유해성 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVEinhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. |
| 유해성 요약 | Contains nitrosyl chloride and free chlorineCorrosive[Merck Index] A strong oxidizing agent with known catalytic activityReacts with airCauses burns[CAMEO] Causes burns and severe respiratory tract irritationHighly toxic by ingestion and inhalation[University of Oxford MSDS] See Nitric acid and Hydrogen chloride. |
| 운송 번호 및 가이드(DOT) | 1798 157 |
| 반응성 그룹 | Acids, Strong Oxidizing |
| Reactivity Alerts | Strong Oxidizing Agent |
| Reactivity Profile | AQUA REGIA is a powerful oxidizing agent and a strong acid. Reacts exothermically with chemical bases (for example: amines and inorganic hydroxides) to form salts and water. Reacts with most metals, including gold and platinum, to dissolve them with generation of toxic and/or flammable gases. Can initiate polymerization in polymerizable organic compounds. Reacts with cyanide salts to generate toxic hydrogen cyanide gas. Generates flammable and/or toxic gases with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and weak or strong reducing agents. Additional exothermic gas-generating reactions occur with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), and carbonates (CO2). |
| DOT Hazard Classification | Nitrohydrochloric acidUN1798Class 8 Corrosive material (49 eCFR § 173.136)PG I: the degree of danger presented by the material is great |
| Air and Water Reactions | Fumes in air. Soluble in water with release of heat. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Not ClassifiedCorrosives |
| 소화 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: |
| 누출 비상 조치 | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
| 응급 처치 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:General First Aid: |
| 노출 관리 및 개인 보호 | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| 비화재 누출 대응 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:Immediate precautionary measure |
| Protective Action Criteria (PAC) | 1.8 [ppm]22 [ppm]100 [ppm] |
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: |
| Emergency Response Planning Guidelines | · Note: Some foams will react with the material and release corrosive/toxic gases. |
| 유해 작용 | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns. |
| 운송 번호(UN) | UN 1798 |
| 포장분류 | I |
| 위험 등급 | 8 |
용도
용도
Metallurgy, testing metals, dissolving metals.
일반 설명
A yellow liquid with a pungent odor prepared by mixing nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, usually in a ratio of one part of nitric acid to three or four parts of hydrochloric acid. Fumes are irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes. Corrosive to metals and to tissue. Density 14.7 lb /gal.