Cesium carbonate → 6-Fluoro-3',5'-dimethoxy-4-nitrobiphenyl-3-carbaldehyde

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A mixture of 5-bromo-4-fluoro-2-nitrobenzaldehyde (10.0 g, 40.0 mmol), 3,5-dimethoxyphenylboronic acid (7.3 g, 40.0 mmol), bis(triphenylphosphino) palladium(II) chloride (1.4 g, 2.0 mmol) and cesium carbonate (32.6 g, 100.0 mmol) in dioxane/water (550 mL, v/v=10/1) was degassed with nitrogen for three times and heated at 90° C. for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated, diluted with ethyl acetate (1000 mL), and washed by water (500 mL) and brine (500 mL). The organic layer was dried, concentrated, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=8/1 to 5/1) to afford the title compound (9 g, 61%) as a yellow solid. MS (ES+) C15H12FNO5 requires: 305, found: 306 [M+H]+.

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