反应详情

Succinic anhydride is opened using methanol (11, step (a)) to give monomethyl succinate (2). This is treated with 2+ equivalents of lithium amide in liquid ammonia (II, step (b)) to form its dianion which is alkylated by the addition of one mole of methyl iodide in ether (II, step (c)) and treatment with ammonium chloride (II, step (d)), giving 2-methylsuccinic acid, 1-methyl ester (3). This is treated with thionyl chloride (II, step (e)) to give the corresponding acid chloride (4). A Grignard reagent is made from 2-bromoundecane and magnesium (II, step (f)) which is treated (II, step (g)) with cadmium chloride to form the corresponding dialkylcadmium, di(2-undecyl)cadmium, (5). The dialkylcadmium reagent (5) is allowed to react with the acid chloride compound (4) (II, step (h)) to form (6) (R=2-undecyl). This is hydrolyzed to the corresponding keto-acid (7) which is reduced either with the Wolff-Kishner or Clemmensen reductions II, step (j)) to give 2,5-dimethyltetradecanoic acid.