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苯酚钠
酚鈉 · 苯鈉 · 苯酚钠 · 苯氧鈉 · 苯氧基钠 · 苯氧化钠 · 苯酚钠盐 · 石炭酸鈉
标识与物理属性
| CAS No. | 139-02-6 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | C6H5NaO |
| 平均分子量 | 116.09 g/mol |
| 单同位素质量 | 116.02380906 g/mol |
| SMILES | [Na+].[O-]c1ccccc1 |
| InChIKey | NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| PubChem CID | 4445035 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2107497 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:52476 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID4027072 |
| 中文名 | 苯酚钠 |
化学与物理性质
| 极性表面积 | 23.1 |
|---|---|
| 氢键供体 | 0 |
| 氢键受体 | 1 |
| 可旋转键 | 0 |
| 重原子 | 8 |
| 形式电荷 | 0 |
| 复杂度 | 50 |
| pH | Aqueous solution is caustic |
| Color/Form | White, deliquescent crystalsHygroscopic crystals |
| 溶解性 | Very soluble in waterSoluble in alcoholSoluble in acetoneDMSO (Slightly, Sonicated), Methanol (Slightly)Very soluble in water, soluble in alcoholSoluble in water, acetone and alcohol. |
| Corrosivity | The material and solutions are corrosive to metals. |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /sodium oxide/.Decomposes in acidDecomposed by carbon dioxide in the air |
| 熔点 | 384 °C>300℃ |
| 蒸气压 | 0.00000003 [mmHg] |
| Physical Description | Colorless solid[Merck Index] White deliquescent solid[Hawley] White to reddish deliquescent solid[HSDB] Powder[MSDSonline] |
| Other Experimental Properties | DeliquescentDecomposed by carbon dioxide in air |
| 密度 | 0,898 g/cm3 |
| RTECS 号 | SM8780000 |
| 闪点 | 28°C |
| 储存条件 | below 5° C |
| 形态 | Solid |
| 颜色 | Pale Yellow to Pale Brown |
| 比重 | 0.898 |
| 敏感性 | Hygroscopic |
| 稳定性 | Hygroscopic |
| 化妆品成分功效 | ANTIMICROBIAL |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C6H6O.Na/c7-6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5,7H/q+1/p-1 |
| InChIKey | NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| SMILES | C1([O-])=CC=CC=C1.[Na+] |
| CAS 数据库 | 139-02-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA化学物质信息 | Sodium phenate (139-02-6) |
化学性质
苯酚钠，化学式C6H5ONa·3H2O。分子量170.14。无色晶体，有吸湿性。溶于水和乙醇。用作防腐剂。在防毒面具中用以吸收光气或用作有机合成的中间体。
安全与法规
| 火灾可能性 | Not flammable or combustible |
|---|---|
| 危害概述 | A strong skin and tissue irritant[Hawley] Causes spastic paralysis and seizures in subcutaneous lethal-dose testing of mice[RTECS] Forms corrosive solution in air--highly irritating to skin and eyes[CAMEO] Toxic by ingestion>4.8 grams is lethal dose[HSDB] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tractInhalation may cause chemical pneumonitisEffects in high-dose animal studies include convulsions and spastic paralysis[MSDSonline] See Phenol. |
| Special Reports | NIOSHCriteria Document: Phenol p.65 (1976) DHEW Pub NIOSH 76-196USEPAAmbient Water Quality Criteria Doc: Phenol p.C-16-19 (1980) EPA 440/5-80-066 |
| 大气标准 | This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Sodium phenate is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart. |
| DOT Emergency Guidelines | /GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXICinhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Phenolates, liquidPhenolates, solid//GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. /Phenolates, liquid/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Phenolates, liquid/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLYit is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Phenolates, liquidFor more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for SODIUM PHENOLATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations | Strong irritant to skin and tissue. |
| 灭火程序 | Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary. |
| 储存条件 | Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. |
| 清理方法 | Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Do not let product enter drains. Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal. |
| 处置方法 | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. /Phenol/ |
| Preventive Measures | Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. |
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle respirator type N100 (US) or type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU). |
| 不良影响 | Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxinOccupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the bloodthe compound is classified as secondary toxic effectDermatotoxin - Skin burns.Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors. |
| 生态毒性摘录 | /AQUATIC SPECIES/ Phenol is very toxic to fish and has a nearly unique quality of tainting the taste of fish if present in marine environments at 0.1-1.0 ppm. /Phenol/ |
| Medical Surveillance | ... There is some suggestive evidence that a biologic monitoring method may be useful for detecting an excessive internal dose on an individual ... and/or on a group basis /for phenol/. Tentative max value in urine <20 mg/g creatinine, permissible value 300 mg/g creatinine. /From table/Physical examinations of exposed personnel annually, including studies of liver and kidney function. /Protect/ those individuals with diseases of central nervous system, liver, kidney, and lung. /Phenol/ |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Burning pain in mouth and throat. White necrotic lesions in mouth, esophagus and stomach. Abdominal pain, vomiting ... and bloody diarrhea. Pallor, sweating, weakness, headache, dizziness, tinnitus. Shock: Weak irregular pulse, hypotension, shallow respirations, cyanosis, pallor, and a profound fall in body temperature. Possibly fleeting excitement and confusion, followed by unconsciousness ... Stentorous breathing, mucous rales, rhonchi, frothing at nose and mouth and other signs of pulmonary edema are sometimes seen. Characteristic odor of phenol on the breath. Scanty, dark-colored ... urine ... moderately severe renal insufficiency may appear.Methemoglobinemia, Heinz body hemolytic anemia and hyperbilirubinemia have been reported ... Death from respiratory, circulatory or cardiac failure. If spilled on skin, pain is followed promptly by numbness. The skin becomes blanched, and a dry opaque eschar forms over the burn. When the eschar sloughs off, a brown stain remains. /Phenol//SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Oral ingestion can result in mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal corrosion. Both oral ingestion and extensive application to the skin can cause systemic toxicity manifested by transient CNS stimulation followed by CNS and cardiovascular depressiondeath may result. /Phenol//SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ 14 mg/kg resulted in gastrointestinal effects, and ingestion of 140 mg/kg caused death./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Severe & fatal phenol poisonings have occurred after such superficial exposure as to suggest hypersensitivity or idiosyncrasy. /Phenol/For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SODIUM PHENOLATE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Sodium phenolate (3, 12.5, 25, or 50% solutions, 50 mL) applied to the skin of chickens destroyed surface lice, mites, & bugs within 24 hr. The 3 highest concentrations produced temporary hyperemia, hematologic shifts, & behavior changes in chickens, rabbits, & mice. Repeated (4-8 times) topical application produced prolonged (2-3 days) exfoliative dermatitis & hyperemia in rabbits./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Crystalline or concentrated aqueous phenol on rabbit eyes causes almost instantaneous white opacification of corneal epithelium. Hr after application cornea is anesthetized, surface ulcerated & stroma opaque. In 5 weeks there is entropion, scarring of conjunctiva & opacity of cornea. /Phenol//LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Glaucoma has been induced experimentally in rabbits by injecting 5% phenol in almond oil subconjunctivally in all four quadrants. /Phenol//LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ /Investigators/ injected rats /with phenol/ ip on days 8-10 or 11-15 /of gestation/ with up to 200 mg/kg. No adverse fetal effects were observed. /Phenol/For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SODIUM PHENOLATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Populations at Special Risk | Those affected with hepatic or kidney diseases should not be exposed to phenol for any length of time, because even intermittent exposure to vapors ... may become dangerous, particularly when ... handled at elevated temp. /Phenol/ |
| Probable Routes of Human Exposure | According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of sodium phenolate is 100 to 999the data may be greatly underestimated(1).NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 7152 workers (1339 of these were female) were potentially exposed to sodium phenolate in the USA(1). Occupational exposure to sodium phenolate may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where sodium phenolate is produced or used. Use of sodium phenolate as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics(2) and in antiseptics(3) indicate that the general population may be exposed to sodium phenolate via dermal contact with this compound in consumer products containing sodium phenolate(SRC). |
| Antidote and Emergency Treatment | Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Phenols and related compounds/Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Administer activated charcoal ... . Do not use emetics. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . Maintain body temperature. /Phenols and related compounds/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam. ... Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Phenols and related compounds/ |
| Human Toxicity Values | ... ingestion of 140 mg/kg caused death. |
| 水危害等级（WGK） | WGK 2 |
| TSCA 清单状态 | TSCA listed |
| 包装类别 | III |
| 危险类别 | 8Skin Corr. 1B |
| 储存类别 | 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials |
| 安全说明（S） | 26-36/37/39-45 |
| 海关编码 | 2907110000 |
| 危险品标志 | C |
| 危险类别码（R） | 34 |
| 毒害物质数据 | 139-02-6(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| 运输编号（UN） | 3286 |
急性毒性
皮下- 小鼠 LDL0: 350 毫克/ 公斤
爆炸物危险特性
对皮肤,角膜有腐蚀性
可燃性危险特性
可燃; 受热分解或遇酸放出刺激气体
储运特性
库房通风低温干燥; 与氧化剂、酸类分开存放。
灭火剂
砂土、二氧化碳、泡沫、雾状水。
用途与应用
用途
用作防腐剂，还用于有机合成
制备与合成方法
生产方法
苯酚与氢氧化钠反应的产物。