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N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮
聚吡咯烷酮 · 交联聚维酮 · PVPP试剂 · 聚乙烯聚吡咯烷酮 · 交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 · 交联聚?烯吡咯烷酮 · 药用辅料交联聚维酮 · 聚乙烯聚吡咯烷酮交联
标识与物理属性
| CAS No. | 25249-54-1 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | C6H9NO |
| 平均分子量 | 111.14 g/mol |
| 单同位素质量 | 111.06841391 g/mol |
| SMILES | C=CN1CCCC1=O |
| InChIKey | WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 6917 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1878943 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:82551 |
| EC No. | 201-800-4 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID2021440 |
| 中文名 | 交联聚维酮 |
化学与物理性质
| XLogP | 0.4 |
|---|---|
| 极性表面积 | 20.3 |
| 氢键供体 | 0 |
| 氢键受体 | 1 |
| 可旋转键 | 1 |
| 重原子 | 8 |
| 形式电荷 | 0 |
| 复杂度 | 120 |
| 药物 | Pharmaceuticals |
| Polymers | Plastics & Rubber -> Other Monomers |
| 化妆品 | Emulsion stabilizingAntistaticBindingFilm formingHair fixing |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Chemical shift |
| LogP（油水分配系数） | log Kow = 0.370.4 |
| 食品添加剂 | PROCESSING AID, SURFACE-FINISHING AGENT -> FDA Substance added to food |
| 密度 | 1.04 @ 24 °C/4 °CRelative density (water = 1): 1.041..041.04 @25 °C |
| Viscosity | 2.07 cps @ 25 °C2.07 cP at 25 °C |
| Color/Form | Clear to light straw colored liquid |
| 溶解性 | Soluble in water and many organic solventsIn water, 5.2X10+4 mg/L @ 25 °C /Estimated/Solubility in water: very goodInsoluble in water, acid and alkaline. |
| 闪点 | 95 °C100.5 °C (213 °F) open cup95 °C closed cup93 °C199.4 °F |
| 沸点 | 96 °C @ 14 mm Hg193 °C @ 400 mm Hgat 1.3kPa: 90-93 °C194 °F |
| 熔点 | ~165 °C (dec.)(lit.) |
| 形态 | powder |
| 颜色 | White to off-white |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C6H9NO/c1-2-7-5-3-4-6(7)8/h2H,1,3-5H2 |
| InChIKey | WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | N1(C=C)CCCC1=O |
| CAS 数据库 | 25249-54-1 |
安全与法规
| GHS 分类 | DangerH302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.1% (1 of 963) of reports.H302 (97.2%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral] |
|---|---|
| 法规信息 | Chemical: Poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,2-ethanediyl]Chemical: 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 26-04-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15035Polyvinylpyrrolidone: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardVinylpyrrolidone: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| 其他安全信息 | PEC / SN / Other assessments - N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP): Health and EnvironmentIMAP assessments - Poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,2-ethanediyl]: Human health tier I assessment |
| 火灾危害 | Combustible. |
| 危害概述 | No health effects found in a study of 94 production workersAnimal studies show evidence of liver damage in acute and chronic studies[ACGIH] An eye and respiratory tract irritantMay cause liver injury[ICSC] See N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone. |
| 欧共体分类 | Symbol: XnR: 20/21/22-37-40-41-48/20S: 26-36/37/39Note: D |
| Special Reports | European Union/European Chemicals BureauRisk Assessment Report: 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (88-12-0) V39 (2003).NICNASPriority existing chemical assessment report on N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) 11: 134 (2000) |
| Chemical Dangers | The substance may polymerize in the presence of air due to warming, under the influence of light and acids. Decomposes on burning. This produces toxic and corrosive gases of nitrogen oxides. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 4 (97.2%)Carcinogenicity - category 2Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4Carc. 2 |
| Explosive Limits and Potential | Explosion limits in air: 1.4-10.0 Vol. %Explosive limits , vol% in air: 1.4-10 |
| Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities | Heat develops during polymerization when mixed with acids.Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials... |
| 消防 | Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. |
| 急救措施 | Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention . |
| 安全储存 | Separated from strong acids. Keep in the dark. Cool. Store only if stabilized. |
| 暴露控制与个人防护 | 0.01 [ppm] |
| 灭火程序 | To fight fire use alcohol foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. |
| 处置方法 | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations. |
| 泄漏处置 | Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
| Eye Prevention | Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection. |
| Fire Prevention | NO open flames. |
| Inhalation Risk | A harmful contamination of the air will be reached quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C. |
| Skin Prevention | Protective gloves. |
| Exposure Prevention | STRICT HYGIENE! |
| 生态毒性数值 | LC50 Salmo gairdneri/ renamed Oncorhyncus mykiss (Rainbow trout) 913 mg/L/96 hrstaticLC50 Salmo gairdneri/ renamed Oncorhyncus mykiss (Rainbow trout) 976 mg/L/72 hrEC50 Daphnia magna (immobilization) 130 mg/L/24 hr45 mg/L/48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/EC50 Scenedesmus subscpicatus (Algaebiomass) 780 mg/L/72 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/growth rate) >1000 mg/L/72 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/ |
| 不良影响 | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
| 暴露途径 | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion. |
| 生态毒性摘录 | /AQUATIC SPECIES/ Four groups of five animals /(Daphnia magna)/ were used at each dose level of 0.7, 1.6, 3.8, 8.0, 17.9, 40.0, 89.4, 200.0, 447.0 and 1,000 mg/L. Only one control group was used. An EC50 of 45.04 mg/L and a NOEC of 3.6 mg/L after 48 hours were derived from the results. An EC100 of 447 mg/L after 48 hours was also reported. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Sore throat.Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting. |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Only one study has been conducted to examine the health of N-VP production workers, a cross-sectional morbidity study. The study included comprehensive medical examinations of the majority of the workforce and no signs of ill health related to N-VP exposure were identified. However, the actual levels of N-VP to which the workforce was exposed are unclear./OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ In liver biopsies from people who had received polyvinyl pyrrolidone iv, basophilic globular deposits were observed in Kupffer cells, occasionally accompanied by mild inflammation. Thesaurismosis (a foam-cell storage phenomenon characterized by swollen cells with reticulated nuclei loaded with vacuoles or deposits of polyvinyl pyrrolidone) has been observed after inhalation of hair sprays containing polyvinyl pyrrolidone and may be accompanied by pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonia. /Polyvinyl pyrrolidone/ |
| Carcinogen Classification | N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidoneGroup 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humansVolume 19: (1979) Some Monomers, Plastics and Synthetic Elastomers, and Acrolein19991998 |
| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A 4-hr LC50 value of 3,070 mg/cu m (3.07 mg/L) has been obtained from a study in which groups of 10 male and 10 female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed head only to aerosols of around 800, 2,000, 2,800, 5,200 or 5,600 mg/cu m N-VP (purity >99%, stabilized with 10 ppm Kerobit, particle size not stated). Following exposure, rats were observed for 14 days and underwent gross necropsy at the end of the study. Deaths occurred in all but the lowest dose group within 2-4 days of exposure, and clinical signs of toxicity including increased respiration rates, ataxia, /CNS depression/, bloodshot eyes and nasal secretions were observed in all dose groups. Necropsy revealed changes in decedents only. In the lungs, isolated areas of edema were recordedin the heart, acute hyperemic obstruction and acute dilation of the fore chambers occurredthe liver had a sandy grey appearancemultiple bloody ulcerations were apparent in the stomach and blood was apparent in intestinal contents suggesting irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. There was also some discoloration of the kidneys. No details on the severity of these changes were provided. No deaths occurred in earlier studies in which cats, rabbits, guinea pigs, rats and mice or rats alone were exposed for 6 or 8 hr to air saturated with N-VP vapor. Signs of toxicity during exposure were limited to salivation and nasal secretion, and at necropsy, slight irritation of the mucous membranes was occasionally observed. Based on the reported vapor pressure of 0.12 hPa, the saturated vapor concentration would be 0.6 mg/L (600 mg/cu m)./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ A dermal LD50 value of 560 mg/kg has been estimated from a study in which groups of 5 rabbits were given 200, 375, 800, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg on intact skin. The conditions of exposure were not stated. Deaths occurred in all but the lowest dose group within 5 days of dosing and all animals in the top two groups died. No information on local skin effects or systemic toxicity was provided./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Results from a study in the rat indicated that the dermal LD50 value for this species lay between 1,043 and 4,127 mg/kg. Groups of 2 male and 2 female CFY rats were given 0, 668, 1,043, 4,127 or 10,430 mg/kg N-VP over an area approximately 10% of body surface under an occlusive dressing for 24 hr. There was no evidence of irritation at the site of application. Deaths occurred in all but the low dose group within three days of dosing and non-specific signs of toxicity were seen in all rats given 1,043 mg/kg or more. Signs of toxicity in the lowest dose group were limited to slight diarrhea in the two males. Autopsy of decedents revealed congestion of the lungs, pallor of the liver, kidneys and spleen and injection of the blood vessels into the subcutaneous tissue at the site of application. Body weight gains of treated rats were reduced during the first week of observation but were normal during the second week. No abnormalities were seen in survivors at necropsy./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The effects of single oral gavage doses of N-VP ... in aqueous solution have also been studied in guinea pigs, cats and rabbits. One out of a group of 4 guinea pigs given 520 mg/kg, died. All animals showed a lack of appetite, apathy, slight atony and one developed enteritis after 3 days. Groups of 3 rabbits received 417 or 1,043 mg/kg. No deaths occurred. At both dose levels, slight weight loss and lack of appetite were recorded. Groups of two cats received 100, 210 or 520 mg/kg N-VP. One top dose cat died 3 days after dosing. Salivation and emesis were apparent at all dose levels, accompanied by a lack of appetite, slight weight loss and loss of balance at the top dose level, which persisted until the surviving cat was sacrificed 28 days post exposure.For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 2-PYRROLIDINONE,1-ETHENYL- (38 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Evidence for Carcinogenicity | Evaluation: No epidemiological data relevant to the carcinogenicity of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone ... were available. There is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in experimental animals. Overall evaluation N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).A3Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans. |
| Toxicity Data | LC50 (rat) = 3,200 mg/m3/4h |
| Non-Human Toxicity Values | LD50 Rat oral 1470 mg/kgLD50 Rabbit dermal 560 mg/kgLD50 Mouse oral about 940 mg/kg bwLC50 Rat inhalation 3.07 mg/L/4 hrFor more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for 2-PYRROLIDINONE,1-ETHENYL- (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| 水危害等级（WGK） | 1 |
| RTECS 号 | TR8370000 |
| 储存类别 | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| 安全说明（S） | 22-24/25 |
| 海关编码 | 39059900 |
用途与应用
用途
用于饮料、医药行业
用途
由于交联聚维酮的高分子量和交联结构，不溶于水但遇水能迅促使其网络结构膨胀并产生崩解作用，医药上交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮广泛用作片剂的崩解剂，另外被广泛用作悬浮稳定剂，药物成分络合剂，植物性药物中单宁及多酚物质的络合剂。
用途
交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP-P)能和酚、生物碱形成复合物，从而从植物样品中把他们去除，这样就阻止了对蛋白的修饰和和干涉，以便更准确地测定蛋白质的含量。也有报道交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP-P)能提高酶的活力。
制备与合成方法
合成方法
在结构上，交联聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮（PVPP）可以看作是具有线型分子结构的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮( PVP) 分子链通过物理或化学方法相互交联而成的一种交联聚合物 。常用的交联方法有:N -乙烯基吡咯烷酮( NVP)交联法, NVP自交联聚合法( 苞米花聚合)和具有多个不饱 和基的化合物( 如双官能团交联剂)与NVP交联共聚法。聚合中常用的交联剂主要有亚烃基双丙烯酰 胺(如N, N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺等), 二乙烯基芳族化合物(如二乙烯基苯、二乙烯基乙基苯等)。