Cadmium oxide fume
Basic information
- CAS
1306-19-0- Standard SMILES
[O]=[Cd]- InChIKey
CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N- Molecular formula
- CdO
- Average molar mass
- 128.41 g/mol
- Monoisotopic mass
- 129.89828
Overview
Cadmium oxide fume is a chemical compound of cadmium. Cadmium is a transition metal and chemical element with the symbol Cd and atomic number 48. It is found naturally in the earth's crust, though rarely on it's own. (L6)
Names & identifiers
- Preferred name
- Cadmium oxide fume
- IUPAC
- oxocadmium
- English name
- Cadmium oxide
- Molecular formula
- CdO
- Molecular weight
- 128.41
Names & synonyms
Cadmium oxide fumeNIOSH/EV1930000NCGC00091341-01EV19300000DTXCID104715Kadmu tlenek [Polish]Caswell No. 136AACCRIS 115CAS-1306-19-0HSDB 1613EINECS 215-146-2UNII-0H3KWS8KJ3
Show more names
CdOCDONCadiuM oxideCDON1HPE11ORCAMaska-ridNCI-C02551oxocadmiumcadmiumfume
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 236200Cadmium oxide brownEC 215-146-2SCHEMBL18966Cadmium oxide, puriss., 99.0%BAA30619Tox21_111117Tox21_202492
Database identifiers
- CAS
1306-19-0- PubChem CID
- 14782
- Nikkaji
- J95.105F
Properties
Computed structural properties
- Topological polar surface area
- 17.1 Ų
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 0
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 1
- Rotatable bonds
- 0
- Heavy atoms
- 2
- Formal charge
- 0
- Complexity
- 2
Physicochemical properties
- Melting point
- 900 °C · 900°C
- Boiling point
- 1385 °C · 1385 °C
- Density
- 8.15 g/mL · 8.15 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- bulk density
- 400 kg/m3 · 400kg/m3
- storage temp.
- 30 °C · Store below +30°C.
- solubility
- 0.0021 g/l · 0.0021g/l
- form
- powder
- color
- brown
- Specific Gravity
- 8.15 · 8.15
- Odor
- Odorless
- PH
- 9 · 9-10 (H2O)(aqueous suspension)
- Water Solubility
- 0.1 g/100 · insoluble. <0.1 g/100 mL at 20 ºC
- Specific Heat Capacity
- 0.34 J/ · Cp(crystal): 0.34 J/(g·K), at 25℃
- Crystal Structure
- 3 m · Cubic, Halite Structure - Space Group Fm3m
- Merck
- 14 · 14,1623
- crystal system
- Cube
- Space group
- 3 m · Fm3m
Safety & regulation
Safety information is for reference only and does not replace the supplier’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS), applicable regulations, or professional assessment.
Safety & protection
Minimum Risk LevelAcute Inhalation: 0.00003 mg/m3 (L134)
Chronic Inhalation: 0.00001 mg/m3 (L134)
Intermediate Oral: 0.0005 mg/kg/day (L134)
Chronic Oral: 0.0001 mg/kg/day (L134)
Toxicology
TreatmentCadmium poisoning is treated by removal from exposure and supportive care. If ingested, induced vomiting or gastric lavage may be performed. (L139)
Health EffectsChronic exposure to cadmium fumes can cause chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, and lung diseases such as bronchitis and emphysema. Cadmium also accumulates in the kidneys, causing permanent damage. Loss of bone density also occurs. (L6)
Exposure RoutesOral (L6) ; inhalation (L6) ; dermal (L6)
Toxicity Summary
Cadmium initially binds to metallothionein and is transported to the kidney. Toxic effects are observed once the concentration of cadmium exceeds that of available metallothionein, and it has also been shown that the cadmium-metallothionein complex may be damaging. Accumulation of cadmium in the kidney results in increased excretion of vital low and high weight molecular proteins. Cadmium is a high affinity zinc analog and can interfere in its biological processes. It also binds to and activates the estrogen receptor, likely stimulating the growth of certain types of cancer cells and causing other estrogenic effects, such as reproductive dysfunction. Cadmium causes cell apoptosis by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases. (L8, A18, A19, A28)
Signs and SymptomsAcute inhalation of cadmium fumes results in metal fume fever, which is characterized by chills, fever, headache, weakness, dryness of the nose and throat, chest pain, and coughing. Ingestion of cadmium causes vomiting and diarrhea. (L6)
Chemistry & industry
Pharmacology
Metabolism/Metabolites
Cadmium is absorbed from oral, inhalation, and dermal routes. Cadmium initially binds to metallothionein and albumin and is transported mainly to the kidney and liver. Toxic effects are observed once the concentration of cadmium exceeds that of available metallothionein, and it has also been shown that the cadmium-metallothionein complex may be damaging. Cadmium is not known to undergo any direct metabolic conversion and is excreted unchanged, mainly in the urine. (L6)
Uses & manufacturing
Uses
High purity cadmium oxide is used as a second polarizer (in addition to silver oxide) in silver-zinc storage batteries. It is also used in nitrile rubbers and plastics such as Teflon to improve their high-temperature properties and heat resistence. Other applications include use as starting material for PVC heat stabilizers and other Cd compounds and as the cadmium source in cyanide electroplating baths (A583).
Applications
DescriptionCadmium oxide forms brownish-red crystalsor a yellow to dark brown amorphous powder. Molecularweight=128.4; Freezing/Melting point=900℃ (slowdecomposition begins at 700℃); Sublimation point 51559℃. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704 MRating System): Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0.Very slightly soluble in water.
UsesCadmium oxide is used as an electroplating chemical, catalyst, component of semiconductors, and starting material for PCV heat stabilizers; in glass and ceramic glazes; for production of cadmium electrodes in storage batteries; and in other applications.
UsesThis is used for cadmium plating baths, electrodes for batteries (cells), ceramic glazes, and insecticides. CdO is a deadly poison and carcinogen.
UsesIn phosphors, semiconductors; manufacture of silver alloys, glass; in storage battery electrodes; as nematocide; as catalyst for organic reactions, in cadmium electroplating; in ceramic glazes.
Related reactions
0 records
No reaction records under the current filter.
Compound notes
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