Arecoline

0.35

0.350

0.81

1000000

1.00E+06 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)

209

209.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg

< 25 °C

7.64

7.16

1195

1236.1

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 50% (1 of 2) of reports.

Danger

H315 (50%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]；H319 (50%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]；H340 (50%): May cause genetic defects [Danger Germ cell mutagenicity]；H351 (50%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]

P203, P264, P264+P265, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P318, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 2 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.；Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 2 reports by companies.；There is 1 notification provided by 1 of 2 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).；Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

Hazard Traits - Carcinogenicity；Authoritative List - IARC Carcinogens - 2B；Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the product

Skin Irrit. 2 (50%)；Eye Irrit. 2 (50%)；Muta. 1A (50%)；Carc. 2 (50%)

Pupillary constriction, bronchial constriction.

Ingestion

Arecoline is the primary active ingredient responsible for the central nervous system effects of the areca nut. Arecoline has been compared to nicotine; however, nicotine acts primarily on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Arecoline is known to be a partial agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine M1, M2, M3 receptors and M4, which is believed to be the primary cause of its parasympathetic effects (such as pupillary constriction, bronchial constriction, etc.). (Wikipedia) Arecoline is cytotoxic to human gingival fibroblasts at a concentration higher than 50 μg/ml by depleting intracellular thiols and inhibiting mitochondrial activity (P<0.05). In addition, the cells displayed a marked arrest at G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner. (A15351)

Arecoline

Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans

Volume 128: (2021) Acrolein, Crotonaldehyde, and Arecoline

2021 online

2020

Not listed by IARC.

LD50: 100 mg/kg, administered subcutaneously in mouse (Wikipedia)

Hazard Traits - Carcinogenicity；Authoritative List - IARC Carcinogens - 2B；Report - regardless of intended function of ingredient in the product

Drugs that bind to and activate cholinergic receptors.

Cytoplasm；Extracellular

Arecoline is found in nuts. Arecoline is isolated from betel nuts Arecoline is an alkaloid natural product found in the areca nut, the fruit of the areca palm (Areca catechu). Since one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is a cognitive decline, arecoline was suggested as a treatment to slow down this process and arecoline administered via i.v. Arecoline has also been used medicinally as an antihelmintic (a drug against parasitic worms).

Pharmaceuticals -> Animal Drugs -> Approved in Taiwan