Cadmiumoxid
CdO · CDON · CadiuM oxide · CDON1 · HPE11 · ORCAM · aska-rid · NCI-C02551
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 1306-19-0 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | CdO |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 128,41 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 129,89827312 g/mol |
| SMILES | [Cd+2].[O-2] |
| InChIKey | CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 10197697 |
| EC No. | 215-146-2 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID0024715 |
| Lokaler Name | Cadmiumoxid |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 1 |
|---|---|
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 1 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 2 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 0 |
| Stoffklassen | Metals -> Cadmium Compounds, InorganicCarcinogens |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | electron density of states |
| Geruch | Odorless |
| Dichte | 8.15 crystalline form6.95 amorphous form (EPA, 1998)8.15 g/cu cmDecomposes at 950 °CDensity: 8.15 /Crystals/Density (amorphous): 6.9 g/cm³8.65 (metal)8.15 @25 °C8.15 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Color/Form | Brown cubic crystalsDark-brown, infusible powder or cubic crystals... Yellow-brown, finely divided particulate dispersed in air. /fume/Colorless, amorphous powder (form 1) |
| Löslichkeit | less than 1 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)Soluble in dilute acidSlowly soluble in ammonium saltsInsoluble in alkaliesInsoluble in waterSolubility in water: none0.0021g/linsoluble. <0.1 g/100 mL at 20 ºC |
| Siedepunkt | 2838 °F at 760 mmHg (sublimes) (NTP, 1992)1559 °C (sublimes)2838 °F (sublimes)Decomposes1385 °C |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /cadmium/.900-1000 °C (amorphous) |
| Schmelzpunkt | Greater than 2732 °F (EPA, 1998)2599 °F900°C |
| Dampfdruck | 1 mmHg at 1832 °F (EPA, 1998)Vapor pressure: 10 mm Hg at 1149 °C40 mm Hg at 1257 °C100 mm Hg at 1341 °C400 mm Hg at 1484 °C.1 Pa at 770 °C (sublimes)10 Pa at 866 °C (sublimes)100 Pa at 983 °C (sublimes)1 kPa at 1128 °C (sublimes)10 kPa at 1314 °C (sublimes)100 kPa at 1558 °C (sublimes)0 mmHg (approx) |
| Brechungsindex | INDEX OF REFRACTION: 2.49 (LITHIUM) |
| Physical Description | Cadmium oxide appears as brown crystals or brown amorphous powder. Used as an electroplating chemical and in the manufacture of cadmium electrodes. Is a component of silver alloys, phosphors, semiconductors, glass and ceramic glazes. Formerly used by veterinarians to kill worms and parasites. (EPA, 1998)Dry PowderWet SolidOther Solid"Cadmium oxide (CdO) may be in the form of a white amorphous powder or as red or brown crystals: it is formed when cadmium is burned or heated." [ACGIH]ODOURLESS BROWN CRYSTALS OR AMORPHOUS POWDER.odorless, yellow-brown, finely divided particulate dispersed in air.Odorless, yellow-brown, finely divided particulate dispersed in air. [Note: See listing for Cadmium dust for properties of Cd.] |
| Lagerbedingungen | Store below +30°C. |
| Aggregatzustand | powder |
| Farbe | brown |
| Wichte | 8.15 |
| Geruch | Odorless |
| pH | 9-10 (H2O)(aqueous suspension) |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(crystal): 0.34 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,1623 |
| Stabilität | Stable. Incompatible with magnesium. |
| InChI | 1S/Cd.O |
| InChIKey | CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | O=[Cd] |
| CAS Datenbank | 1306-19-0(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Cadmium oxide(1306-19-0) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Cadmium oxide (1306-19-0) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]P203, P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P304+P340, P316, P318, P319, P320, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H301 (37%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P304+P340, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Cadmium oxide (CdO)Hazard Traits - CarcinogenicityCadmium oxide (CdO) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Cadmium oxide (CdO) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 23-12-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15016Restricted substance: Cadmium oxideSubstance: Cadmium oxide |
| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Cadmium metal and cadmium oxide: Environment tier II assessment |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Poison |
| Brandgefahren | When heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of cadmium. (Non-Specific -- Cadmium Compounds) Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. Oxides of cadmium react explosively with magnesium when heated. (EPA, 1998)Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| Brandpotenzial | Noncombustible |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | The lethal inhalation dose of cadmium oxide in humans is 2,500 mg/m3 for a 1 minute exposure. Lethal exposure has been established at 50 mg (cadmium)/m3 for 1 hour for cadmium oxide dust and 1/2 hour for the fume. These concentrations may be inhaled without sufficient discomfort to warn worker of exposure. Inhalation may cause acute tracheobronchitis, pneumonitis, and pulmonary edema. Exposure can cause kidney and lung damage. Acute exposure by inhalation may cause death by anoxia. The lowest human toxic inhalation concentration is 8.630 mg/m3/5 hours for the fume. Persons with respiratory disorders should be excluded from contact with this material. (EPA, 1998) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
Cadmium oxide is used as an electroplating chemical, catalyst, component of semiconductors, and starting material for PCV heat stabilizers; in glass and ceramic glazes; for production of cadmium electrodes in storage batteries; and in other applications.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
Cadmium oxide is prepared by the reaction of cadmium vapor with oxygen. The metal is first melted in a steel retort and transported into a heated chamber where it is vaporized. The vapor is reacted with air, and the cadmium oxide formed is collected in a bag house. The particle size of the product depends on the ratio of air to cadmium vapor. The oxide may be further purified and particles of uniform size may be obtained by calcination at low red heat. Cadmium oxide also may be prepared by several other routes starting with various cadmium salts. The compound can be made by thermal decomposition of cadmium carbonate or cadmium hydroxide: CdCO3 → CdO + CO2 Cd(OH)2 → CdO + H2O Similar thermal decomposition of cadmium nitrate or sulfate would yield the oxide. he oxide. Cadmium oxide also may be made by high temperature oxidation of cadmium sulfide: 2CdS + 3O2 → 2CdO + 2SO2 Finely divided oxide may be obtained by pyrolysis of cadmium salts of carboxylic acids, such as cadmium formate or oxalate. (COOH)2Cd → CdO + H2O + 2CO (COO)2Cd → CdO + CO2 + CO