Nonan-5-on

log Kow = 2.88

2.88

0.822 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8217 at 20 °C/4 °C

Soluble in ethanol; very soluble in ether and chloroform

In water, 363 mg/L at 30 °C

370 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

188.4 °C

21 °F (USCG, 1999)

-3.8 °C

0.55 [mmHg]

0.552 mm Hg at 25 °C

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 25% (1 of 4) of reports.

Danger

H226 (25%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 4 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical: 5-Nonanone

5-Nonanone: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

A skin, eye, nose, and throat irritant; [CAMEO] Effects in high-dose animal studies include change in righting reflex and spastic paralysis; [RTECS] May cause irritation; [MSDSonline]

The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of dibutyl ketone stem from its toxicologic properties. Toxic by all routes (ie, inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact), exposure to this colorless to light yellow liquid may occur from its presence as a contaminant in some solvents. Effects from exposure may include ocular pain and corneal damage, shortness of breath, nausea, headache, dizziness, fainting, coma and death. When heated to decomposition, dibutyl ketone emits acrid fumes. Before implementing land disposal of waste dibutyl ketone, consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance.

Ketones, such as DI-N-BUTYL KETONE, are reactive with many acids and bases liberating heat and flammable gases (e.g., H2). The amount of heat may be sufficient to start a fire in the unreacted portion of the ketone. Ketones react with reducing agents such as hydrides, alkali metals, and nitrides to produce flammable gas (H2) and heat. Ketones are incompatible with isocyanates, aldehydes, cyanides, peroxides, and anhydrides. They react violently with aldehydes, HNO3, HNO3 + H2O2, and HClO4. May attack some forms of plastics (USCG, 1999).

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

The toxicity of 5-nonanone in rats is enhanced by simultaneous exposure to the microsomal enzyme inducing agent methyl ethyl ketone.

An oral dose of 233 mg/kg 5-nonanone admin to rats 5 days/wk for 13 wk produced a minor subclinical neuropathy. When the same amt of 5-nonanone (233 mg/kg) was present as an 11% contaminant in a commercial lot of 5-methyl-2-octanone, neuropathy developed in less than 90 days.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 363 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that dibutyl ketone is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of dibutyl ketone from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.8X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 0.55 mm Hg(4), and its water solubility(2). Dibutyl ketone is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Dibutyl ketone is expected to biodegrade under aerobic conditions(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 363 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that dibutyl ketone is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.8X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 0.55 mm Hg(4), and its water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7 hours and 5.8 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 22(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Dibutyl ketone is expected to biodegrade under aerobic conditions(6).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dibutyl ketone, which has a vapor pressure of 0.55 mm Hg at 25deg C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dibutyl ketone is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 29 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Dibutyl ketone contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Affected fish /fathead minnow/ became hypoactive, stopped schooling, and lost equilibrium prior to death. /Purity 98%/

/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ Ketones, incl dibutyl ketone, tested in releasing alarm pheromones in ants. The most active cmpd were of a size and geometry similar to 4-methyl-3-heptanone.

Dibutyl ketone has been qualitatively detected in trench leachates collected from commercially operated low-level radioactive waste disposal sites at Maxey Flats, KY and at West Valley, NY(1). Dibutyl ketone has been identified, not quantified, in wastewater effluents from domestic sewage treatment(2). Dibutyl ketone was detected in 2 of 63 industrial waters (concn less than 10 ppb) which were sampled from a wide range of chemical manufacturers in areas across the United States(3).

The Koc of dibutyl ketone is estimated as 170(SRC), using a water solubility of 363 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that dibutyl ketone is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

An estimated BCF of 22 was calculated in fish for dibutyl ketone(SRC), using a water solubility of 363 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Metabolic studies confirmed the in vivo conversion of 5-nonanone to 2,5-nonanedione, methyl-n-butyl ketone, and 2,5-hexanedione, the latter of which is the most active neurotoxic metabolite of n-hexane and methyl-n-butyl ketone. The neurotoxicities of n-hexane, methyl-n-butyl ketone, and 5-nonanone are linked by virtue of their metabolism to a gamma -diketone, 2,5-hexanedione.

Metabolic transformations incl omega-1 oxidation to 2,5-nonoanedione with subsequent oxidative and decarboxylative steps to produce methyl n-butyl ketone and 2,5-hexanedione. In addition, 5-nonanone is oxidized to carbon dioxide (38% of the dose). ... No unchanged 5-nonanone was detected in the urine, but both methyl n-butyl ketone and 2,5-hexanedione were present.

Used as a solvent; [HSDB]

Used as a solvent