2,6-Dinitrophenol

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Dinitrophenol solutions/

If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Do not fight fires in a cargo of explosives. Evacuate area and let burn. /Dinitrophenol, dry or wetted with less than 15% water by weight)

If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Flood with water. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. /Dinitrophenol, wetted with at least 15% water/

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.

Evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Wet spilled material with water. Collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers. Ventilate area after clean-up is complete. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. Keep dinitrophenol out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection of your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations.

Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be contained with a flexible impermeable membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. /Dinitrophenol solutions/

Environmental considerations: Water spill: use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. use surface active agent (e.g., detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by EPA. Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms. If dissolved in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Dinitrophenol solutions/

Environmental considerations - land spill: dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water. /Dinitrophenol, wetted with at least 15% water/

Environmental considerations - water spill: Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom. If dissolved in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Dinitrophenol, wetted with at least 15% water/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Dinitrophenol: Incinerate (1800 °F, 2.0 sec minimum) with adequate scrubbing equipment for the removal of NOx. Dinitrophenol ... /is a/ waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. /Dinitrophenol/

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material wet. Wet spilled material before picking it up. Do not attempt to sweep up dry material. /Dinitrophenol, dry or wetted with less than 15% water by weight/

Evacuation: If the material is on fire or involved in fire consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /Dinitrophenol, dry or wetted with less than 15% water by weight/

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. /Dinitrophenol, dry or wetted with less than 15% water by weight/

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Dinitrophenol solutions/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 2,6-Dinitrophenol (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

0.23 [mg/m3]

2.5 [mg/m3]

15 [mg/m3]

Safety glasses, self-contained breathing apparatus, pro- tective clothing, butyl rubber gloves and protective shoes. (USCG, 1999)

Wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Dinitrophenol solutions/

Respirator Selection: Where there is potential for exposure to dinitrophenol, use a NIOSH/MSHA approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode, or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode; or use a NIOSH/MSHA approved self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.

People exposed to the solid, or to a strong soln should wear protective clothing, hand protection, and, in confined spaces, the use of respiratory protective equipment.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 470(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2,6-dinitrophenol is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of 2,6-dinitrophenol is 3.97(3), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization of 2,6-dinitrophenol from moist soil is not expected because 2,6-dinitrophenol exists as an anion and anions do not volatilize(SRC). 2,6-Dinitrophenol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Mixed cultures of phenol adapted bacteria exhibited little or no oxygen uptake in the presence of 2,6-dinitrophenol(6-8), suggesting that 2,6-dinitrophenol is resistant to aerobic biodegradation(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 470(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2,6-dinitrophenol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 3.97(3) indicates 2,6-dinitrophenol will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 4(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.37(5) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Mixed cultures of phenol adapted bacteria exhibited little or no oxygen uptake in the presence of 2,6-dinitrophenol(7-9), suggesting that 2,6-dinitrophenol is resistant to aerobic biodegradation(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2,6-dinitrophenol, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2,6-dinitrophenol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 24 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 6.6X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). 2,6-Dinitrophenol may react with nitrate radicals in the atmosphere(2). Particulate-phase 2,6-dinitrophenol may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). 2,6-Dinitrophenol absorbs light at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

In exposed workers, blood concentration of /dinitro-derivatives/ should not exceed 10 ug/g. A white cell count should be performed if the exposed person has an unexplained persistent fever. Individuals who have a fall in white blood cell counts should avoid further exposure. /Dinitro-derivatives/

Consider skin, eyes, thyroid, blood, central nervous system, liver and kidney function, as well as general health in placement and periodic examination. Dinitrophenols can be measured in urine as such or as an aminophenol.

/Workers/ regularly exposed to dinitrophenol should have their urine tested regularly for dinitrophenol or amino-nitrophenol by polarography or Derrien's test. /Dinitrophenol/

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 2,6-dinitrophenol can be estimated to be 470(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2,6-dinitrophenol is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. The pKa of 2,6-dinitrophenol is 3.97(3), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Short Term Exposure: Dinitrophenol can affect you when breathed and by passing through skin ... May affect the metabolism, causing very high body temperature. May affect the peripheral nervous system causing numbness, "pins and needles," and/or weakness of the hands and feet. Exposure can cause a bluish color to skin and lips, headaches, temperature rise, dizziness, collapse, convulsions, coma, and even death. Exposure may irritate the lungs, causing caoughing and shortness of breath. Higher levels can cause a build up of fluid in the lungs, a medical emergency which can cause death. Long Term Exposure: Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis with rash and drying and itching of the skin. Dinitrophenol may have effects on the dyes, causing cataracts. Exposure can damage the liver and kidneys, and affect the thyroid gland. May cause lung irritation and the development of bronchitis with coughing and shortness of breath. May damage the nervous system. High exposure may damage the developing fetus.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Dermatitis results from skin contact. Cataracts may be produced. A fatal dose in adults is 1 to 3 g by mouth. Symptoms incl headache, loss of appetite, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, chest pains, dizziness, fatigue, jaundice, leg cramps, cyanosis, anxiety, pulmonary edema, convulsions.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Miscellaneous hazards in the use of dinitrophenol include neutropenia, agranulocytosis, and cataract formation.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Absorbed by skin. Dust inhalation may be fatal. /Dinitrophenol/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ 2,4-dinitrophenol does not produce methemoglobin, but the 2,3-, 2,5-, 2,6-, and 3,4-isomers do produce it.

An estimated BCF of 4 was calculated in fish for 2,6-dinitrophenol(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.37(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Dinitrophenol is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance. /Dinitrophenol; CAS No. 51-28-5/

Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Nitrophenols/