2-Chloracetanilid

The effects of 2-chloroacetanilide (2-CAA), 3-chloroacetanilide (3-CAA) and 4-chloroacetanilide (4-CAA) on liver and kidney function and morphology were examined in rats. Male Fischer 344 rats were given a single ip injection of a chloroacetanilide at 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 millimole/kg. Renal function was monitored for 24 or 48 hr following dosing. At 24 or 48 hr, liver function and tissue morphology were determined. At the two lower dose levels,all three chloroacetanilide isomers decr food and water intake on day 1 after treatment. Food intake remained depressed in 2-CAA and 3-CAA treated animals on the second day, but water intake was normal. Urinary protein excretion on day 1 was incr only in rats treated with 4-CAA. Blood urea nitrogen concn was not incr in any group at 48 hr while kidney weight was incr only in the 3-CAA treated group. Hepatic weight was incr at 48 hr in rats treated with 3-CAA and 4-CAA. Plasma alanine aminotransferase activity was incr at 48 hr only in the 4-CAA group. In additional studies, renal cortical slices from untreated rats were incubated with a chloroacetanilide or vehicle and the effect on organic ion accumulation was determined. Chloroacetanilides were shown to directly alter renal function in an isomer specific manner.