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Isocyanmethan
METHYL ISONITRILE · CH3NC · Isocyanomethane · METHANE,ISOCYANO · METHYL ISOCYANIDE
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 593-75-9 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C2H3N |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 41,05 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 41,0265491 g/mol |
| SMILES | [C-]#[N+]C |
| InChIKey | ZRKSVHFXTRFQFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 11646 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:44177 |
| EC No. | 209-806-9 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID3075040 |
| Lokaler Name | Isocyanmethan |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 0 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 4,4 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 1 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 3 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 29,3 |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Schoenflies notation |
| Schmelzpunkt | -45°C |
| Siedepunkt | 81.65°C (estimate) |
| Dichte | 0.7424 |
| Brechungsindex | 1.3427 |
| Lagerbedingungen | Refrigerator, Under inert atmosphere |
| Löslichkeit | Chloroform (Soluble), Methanol (Slightly)91g/L(15 ºC) |
| Aggregatzustand | Oil |
| Farbe | Light Orange to Orange |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(gas): 1.29 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Methyl isocyanide (593-75-9) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | WarningH302 (95%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P317, P319, P321, P330, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 40 reports by companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 4 (95%) |
| Treatment | Antidotes to cyanide poisoning include hydroxocobalamin and sodium nitrite, which release the cyanide from the cytochrome system, and rhodanase, which is an enzyme occurring naturally in mammals that combines serum cyanide with thiosulfate, producing comparatively harmless thiocyanate. Oxygen therapy can also be administered. (L97) |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (L96, L97) |
| Expositionspfade | Oral (L96)inhalation (L96)dermal (L96) |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L97) |
| Signs and Symptoms | Cyanide poisoning is identified by rapid, deep breathing and shortness of breath, general weakness, giddiness, headaches, vertigo, confusion, convulsions/seizures and eventually loss of consciousness. (L96, L97) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
Isocyanomethane can be used as porous embolization microspheres comprising drugs.