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Ethylnitrat
Ethyl nitrate · 1-Nitrooxyethane · Nitric acid ethyl · Nicorandil Impurity 23 · Nitric acid ethyl ester · Nicorandil Impurity 13 (Ethyl Nitrate)
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 625-58-1 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C2H5NO3 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 91,07 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 91,02694302 g/mol |
| SMILES | CCO[N+](=O)[O-] |
| InChIKey | IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 12259 |
| EC No. | 210-903-3 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID0060806 |
| Lokaler Name | Ethylnitrat |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 0,9 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 55,1 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 3 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 1 |
| Schwere Atome | 6 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 47,2 |
| Stoffklassen | Nitrogen Compounds -> Nitrates and NitritesFlammable agents - 3rd degree |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Schoenflies notation |
| Geruch | Pleasant odor |
| Geschmack | Sweet taste |
| Dichte | 1.1084 @ 20 °C/4 °C1.004 @ 20°C |
| Color/Form | Colorless liquid |
| Löslichkeit | Sol in alcohol and etherinsoluble in water1.3 G SOL IN 100 ML WATER @ 55 °CSol in water, miscible in ethanol and ethyl ether1.3 ml soluble in 100 ml water at 55°Cmiscible with alcohol and ether |
| Flammpunkt | 50 °F (NFPA, 2010)50 °F (closed cup) |
| Siedepunkt | 87.2 °C @ 762 mm Hg87.7 °C @760 [mm Hg]87.25°C |
| Decomposition | On decomp, they emit toxic fumes. /Nitrates/When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/. |
| Schmelzpunkt | -94.6 °C-112 °C-94.59°C |
| Dampfdichte | 3.1 (Air= 1) |
| Brechungsindex | 1.3852 |
| Henry-Konstante | 1.6×10-2 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Burkholder et al. (2019) |
| Dielektrizitätskonstante | 19.7(20℃) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Ethyl nitrate (625-58-1) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH200: (Deleted) Unstable Explosive [Danger Explosives]P201, P202, P281, P372, P373, P380, P401, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Nitric acid, ethyl esterThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Flammable Liquid |
| Brandgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: |
| Brandpotenzial | SPONTANEOUS HEATING: NO |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: |
| Gefahrenübersicht | Inhalation can cause CNS depression and methemoglobinemia[HSDB] |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic |
| Reactivity Alerts | Highly Flammable |
| Reactivity Profile | Organonitrates, such as ETHYL NITRATE, range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. Nitroalkanes are milder oxidizing agents, but still react violently with reducing agents at higher temperature and pressures. Nitroalkanes react with inorganic bases to form explosive salts. The presence of metal oxides increases the thermal sensitivity of nitroalkanes. Nitroalkanes with more than one nitro group are generally explosive. |
| Flammable Limits | LOWER, 4.0% BY VOL |
| Air and Water Reactions | Highly flammable. Insoluble in water. |
| NFPA Hazard Classification | 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions. |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Beschreibung
Ethyl nitrate has formula C2H5NO3. It is used in organic synthesis and as an intermediate in the preparation of some drugs, dyes, and perfumes. Ethyl nitrate is found in the atmosphere, where it can react with other gases to form smog. Originally thought to be a pollutant, formed mainly by the combustion of fossil fuels, recent analysis of ocean water samples reveal that in places where cool water rises from the deep, the water is saturated with alkyl nitrates, likely formed by natural processes.
Verwenden
Organic synthesis, drugs, perfumes, dyes, rocket propellant.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
Ethyl nitrate has been prepared by bubbling gaseous nitryl fluoride through ethanol at 10 °C . The reaction was subsequently studied in detail.