Dec-1-en

log Kow= 5.70

8

0.741 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.7408 @ 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.74

1.09 sq mm/sec @ 20 °C

1.1 mm²/s at 20 °C

Miscible in ethanol and ethyl ether

In water, 0.115 mg/l @ 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml: (very poor)

128 °F (USCG, 1999)

53 °C

LESS THAN 131 °F (LESS THAN 55 °C) (CLOSED CUP)

46 °C c.c.

339.1 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

170.56 °C @ 760 mm Hg

172 °C

-87.3 °F (USCG, 1999)

-66.3 °C

-66 °C

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.4% (13 of 905) of reports.

Danger

H226 (97%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P273, P280, P301+P316, P303+P361+P353, P331, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 905 reports by companies from 27 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Not Classified

Chemical: 1-Decene

1-Decene is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1-Decene are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

REACH registered substance: Dec-1-ene (EC: 212-819-2)

1-Decene: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:

Flammable. Above 46 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.

An eye and respiratory tract irritant; Inhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression; [HSDB] A moderate to severe skin irritant; [CHEMINFO] Defats skin; [ICSC] An irritant; [MSDSonline] Caused temporary lethargy but no deaths in animals exposed to approximately 2000 ppm for 4 hours; [AIHA]

1-DECENE may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release hydrogen gas. In the presence of various catalysts (such as acids) or initiators, may undergo exothermic addition polymerization reactions. Will attack some forms of plastics (USCG, 1999).

0 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.

2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.

0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Fire Extinguishing Agents: Foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999)

Use powder, alcohol-resistant foam, water spray, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Remove all ignition sources. Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and particulates adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in covered containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1720(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-decene is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-decene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.68 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), from its vapor pressure of 1.67(3) and a water solubility of 0.115(4). The potential for volatilization of 1-decene from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). 1-Decene's linear hydrocarbon structure would suggest that biodegradation is an important process in soil(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1720(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-decene is expected to adsorb to sediment and suspended solids in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.68 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed from a vapor pressure of 1.67(4) and a water solubility of 0.115(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.2 hrs and 5 days, respectively(SRC). However, this model underestimates the volatilization half-life of 1-decene since it does not take into account the effects of adsorption. This is apparent from the results of two EXAMS model runs, one in which the effect of adsorption was considered (half-life = 11 days in a model pond) and one in which adsorption was ignored (half-life = 40 hrs in a model pond)(6). 1-Decene's linear hydrocarbon structure would suggest that biodegradation is an important process in water(7). According to a classification scheme(8), an estimated BCF of 488(SRC), from a log Kow(9) and a regression-derived equation(10), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. 1-Decene is degraded in water by reaction with hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in water is estimated to be 111 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.22X10+9/M sec at 25 °C(11,12).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-decene, which has a vapor pressure of 1.67 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-decene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Vapor-phase 1-decene is degraded by ozone in the atmosphere; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 25 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.08X10-17 cu m/molecule-sec(4). 1-Decene is also degraded by nitrate in the ambient atmosphere; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1 day, calculated from its rate constant of 3.24X10-14 cu cm/molecule sec(3,5).

The volatile vapor fraction emitted during the heating of four oils (rapeseed, Canola, peanut and soybean) was analyzed to determine the concentrations of various volatile organic compounds. 1-Decene was detected, concentration not specified, in all four heated oils(1). In another study specifically of peanut oil, 1-decene was detected in head space air samples when peanut oil was heated from 50-200 °C(2). The highest concentration of 1-decene occurred at 200 °C.

1-Decene was detected, concentration not specified, as one of many volatile organic compounds emitted from woodland vegetation located across the United States(1). The emission rate for 1-decene from woodland vegetation is estimated to range from 0.5-5 ug/g hr(1).The emission of various hydrocarbons was studied from over 30 dominant plant types found in California's Central Valley(2). 1-Decene was detected, concentration not specified, in the volatile organic fraction of these plant emissions(2).

The hydrocarbon content of the exhaust of two different turbojet engines operated at simulated supersonic flight conditions was determined. During the experiment, jet engine model YJ93-GE-3 contained 1-decene in its exhaust ranging from 0.33-42.3 ppm while jet engine model J85-GE-5B contained 1-decene in its exhaust ranging from 0.31-1.25 ppm(1). The use of various types of plastic films for mulch purposes (ground moisture and weed control) on farmlands can lead to the release of 1-decene into the ambient environment through its disposal. Typically, these plastic films are burned either in situ in the crop row or gathered into large piles and incinerated. In one controlled study, 1-decene was detected (concn not specified) in the gas released during the burning of this type of plastic(2). Landfill gas from eight different sites in the United Kingdom was analyzed for trace compounds, including 1-decene. In one crude municipal landfill located in a stone quarry, with an age of 5-6 years, 1-decene was detected at 62 mg/cu m, 3m below the surface of the landfill and at 29.9 mg/cu m, 15 cm above the landfill(3). At another landfill comprised of municipal, industrial and liquid waste in a clay pit, with an age greater than 15 months, 1-decene was detected at 42 mg/cu m 4 meters below the surface of the landfill(3). 1-Decene has been reported to be a constituent of exhaust gas from diesel engines(4). Grab samples of 63 effluent were collected and analyzed from several chemical manufacturers located across the United States(5). These locations included Ohio, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Louisiana, Kentucky, Delaware, and Texas. 1-Decene was detected, concentration not specified, in 2 out of the 63 effluent grab samples taken from September 30, 1976 to November 30, 1978(5).

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. Bioaccumulation of this chemical may occur in aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 1-decene can be estimated to be about 1720(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-decene is expected to have low mobility in soil.

1-Decene is found as a naturally occurring compound emitted by various plant types in California's Central Valley(1) and woodland vegetation located across the United States(2). 1-Decene is also a naturally occurring compound found as part of the volatile organic compounds emitted during the heating of soybean, rapeseed, peanut and Canola oil(3).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: 1-Decene was detected, concentration not specified, in five urban air analyses carried out in Leningrad, U.S.S.R. from July-October 1976(1). In another urban air study, 1-decene was detected, concentration not specified, in urban air samples from Leningrad, Tashkent, Baku, Tbilisi, Kemerovo, and Murmansk U.S.S.R. in 1977(2).

/1-Decene/ is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract and has CNS depressant properties. Decene ... may present an aspiration hazard when ingested.

SYMPTOMS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE: VAPORS MAY PRODUCE SLIGHT IRRITATION OF EYES & RESPIRATORY TRACT IF PRESENT IN HIGH CONCN. MAY ALSO ACT AS A SLIGHT ANESTHETIC @ HIGH CONCN.

Used to make flavors, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, dyes, oils, and resins; Also used as a monomer for polyalpha-olefin synthetic lubricants; [HSDB]

MONOMER FOR POLYALPHA-OLEFIN SYNTHETIC LUBRICANTS; IN LINEAR ALPHA-OLEFIN MIXT FOR PRODN OF PRIMARY ALCOHOLS; CHEM INT FOR OXO-PROCESS N-UNDECYL ALCOHOL

Organic synthesis of flavors, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, dyes, oils, resins

(1974) 3.4X10+10 G (ALL C6-C20 ALPHA-OLEFINS)

(1975) 2.27X10+10 G (EST-LINEAR ALPHA-OLEFINS)

2023: 700,000,000 - <850,000,000 lb

(1972) 1.6X10+11 G (ALL C6-C20 ALPHA-OLEFINS)

(1975) 1.7X10+11 G (EST-LINEAR ALPHA-OLEFINS)

OLIGOMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE USING TRIETHYLALUMINUM CATALYST AND FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION OF THE RESULTING ALPHA-OLEFIN MIXTURE

High purity ethylene contacts a nickel catalyst in a butanediol reaction medium. The alpha-olefins produced separate from the solvent because they are insoluble in the polar medium.

All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing

1-Decene: ACTIVE