Calciumphosphid

photophor · Calciumphosphid · techn,Gehalt+20% · calciumphotophor · Calcium Phospide · CALCIUM PHOSPHIDE · Calciumphosphide,97% · Tricalcium diphosphide

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Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten

CAS No.	1305-99-3
Summenformel	Ca3P2
Durchschnittliche Molmasse	182,18 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse	181,8352962 g/mol
SMILES	[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[P-3].[P-3]
InChIKey	HMJZRBDFJAQGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID	14780
EC No.	215-142-0
DTXSID	DTXSID0058271
Lokaler Name	Calciumphosphid

Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften

Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)	0
H-Brücken-Donoren	0
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren	2
Frei drehbare Bindungen	0
Schwere Atome	5
Formalladung	0
Komplexität	0
Stoffklassen	Metals -> PhosphidesFlammable agents - 3rd degree
Pestizide	RodenticidesActive substance -> EU Pesticides database: Not approved
Geruch	Musty, like acetylene
Dichte	2.51 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink2.5 g/cm³2.238 @25 °C2,51 g/cm3
Color/Form	Red-brown crystalline powder or gray lumpsHygroscopic crystals
Löslichkeit	Insol in alcohol, etherreacts with waterDecomposed by water to phosphinereacts with H2Oinsoluble in ethanol,ethyl etherdecomposes in H2O to form flammable phosphine [MER06]insoluble alcohol, ether [HAW93]
Siedepunkt	Decomposes
Decomposition	... DECOMPOSED BY WATER TO PHOSPHINE, WHICH IS HIGHLY TOXIC ...When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of phosphoxides.
Schmelzpunkt	2910 °F (USCG, 1999)About 1600 °C1600°C
Geruchsschwelle	Odor Threshold Low: 0.13 [ppm]1-100 mg/cu m.
Physical Description	Calcium phosphide appears as red-brown crystals to gray granular lumps. It reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide and phosphine, a flammable poisonous gas. Phosphine will normally ignite spontaneously in contact with air. If there is an excess of water this fire of phosphine will not normally ignite surrounding combustible material.Red-brown crystals or gray lumps with a musty odor like acetylene[HSDB]RED-BROWN CRYSTALLINE POWDER OR GREY LUMPS.
Stability/Shelf Life	Stable if dry.Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. ...Cool. Dry. Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Aggregatzustand	granular
Farbe	red-brown hygroscopic crystals, crystalline
Merck	14,1695
EPA chemische Informationen	Calcium phosphide (1305-99-3)

Sicherheit & Vorschriften

GHS-Einstufung	DangerH260: In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]P223, P231+P232, P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P335+P334, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P370+P378, P391, P402+P404, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H260 (100%): In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]P223, P231+P232, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P335+P334, P321, P330, P370+P378, P391, P402+P404, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Hazards Identification	Water-reactive material (WR)
Regulatorische Informationen	Commission Regulation (EC) No 2229/20042008/125, Reg. (EU) 2017/195, Reg. (EU) 2020/1643, Reg. (EU) 2022/801, Reg. (EU) No 540/2011The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
DOT-Kennzeichnung	Dangerous When Wet Poison
Brandgefahren	Behavior in Fire: Can cause spontaneous ignition if wet. Contributes dense smoke of phosphoric acid. (USCG, 1999)· Produce flammable and toxic gases on contact with water.Not combustible but forms flammable gas on contact with water or damp air.
Brandpotenzial	DANGEROUS FIRE HAZARD BY CHEMICAL REACTION ... THEY REACT WITH WATER, STEAM, ACID, OR ACID FUMES TO PRODUCE TOXIC AND FLAMMABLE PHOSPHINE GAS. /PHOSPHIDES/DECOMP BY MOIST AIR OR WATER, EVOLVING SPONTANEOUSLY-FLAMMABLE PHOSPHINE.
Gesundheitsgefahren	Inhalation or ingestion causes faintness, weakness, nausea, vomiting. External contact with dust causes irritation of eyes and skin. (USCG, 1999)· Highly toxic: contact with water produces toxic gas, may be fatal if inhaled.
Gefahrenübersicht	Reacts with water to form the highly toxic and flammable phosphine[Hawley] This chemical ingredient is not found in any products. [NPIRS] See PHOSPHIDES. See Phosphine.
DOT-Nummer und Handbuch	1360 139
Reaktive Gruppe	Nitrides, Phosphides, Carbides, and Silicides
EG-Einstufung	Symbol: T+, F, NR: 15/29-28-50S: (1/2)-22-43-45-61
UN-Einstufung	UN Hazard Class: 4.3UN Subsidiary Risks: 6.1UN Pack Group: I
Reactivity Alerts	Strong Reducing Agent
Brandbekämpfung	Excerpt from ERG Guide 139 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable and Toxic Gases)]:NO water, foam. In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water.
Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen	Refer for medical attention. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. No mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Refer for medical attention . Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). NO mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.
Freisetungsmaßnahmen	· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
Erste Hilfe	INHALATION: remove to fresh aircall a physician and alert to possibility of phosphine poisoning.General First Aid:
Sichere Lagerung	Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Dry. Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Firefighting Hazards	The reaction /of calcium phosphide and water/ forms phosphine which is a spontaneously flammable gas (in moist air).
Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung	· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].
Brandbekämpfungsverfahren	Extinguish adjacent fires with dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Fire extinguishing agents not to be used: water, foam.If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not use water. Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Lagerbedingungen	KEEP DRY AND TIGHTLY CLOSED.
Reinigungsverfahren	Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. (Extra personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.)
Freisetung ohne Brand	Excerpt from ERG Guide 139 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable and Toxic Gases)]:
Entsorgungsverfahren	SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. (Extra personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.)
Treatment	As there is no antidote for phosphine poisoning, treatment is mainly symptomatic. Artificial respiration, gastric lavage, and/or administration of activated charcoal may be necessary. (L982)
Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen	Inhalation of phosphine may cause severe pulmonary irritation leading to acute pulmonary oedema, cardiovascular dysfunction, CNS excitation, coma and death. Gastrointestinal disorders, renal damage and leukopenia may also occur. Chronic exposure to phosphine can result in anemia, bronchitis, gastrointestinal effects, and visual, speech and motor problems. (L980, L982)
Umweltverhalten	Decomposed by moist air or water, evolving spontaneously-flammable phosphine.
Unerwünschte Wirkungen	Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin
Expositionspfade	The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.Oral (L982)inhalation (L982)
Toxizitätsübersicht	Phosphine inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, preventing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. This non-competitive inhibition prevents cellular respiration and leads to multi-organ dysfunction. Phosphine can also react with hydrogen peroxide to form the highly reactive hydroxyl radical, which can cause lipid peroxidation. (A291, A292)
Signs and Symptoms	Cough. Headache. Sore throat. Laboured breathing. Tremor. Diarrhoea. Convulsions. Vomiting.Redness. Pain.See Inhalation.Early symptoms of acute phosphine intoxication include pain in the diaphragm, nausea, vomiting, excitement, and a phosphorus smell on the breath. Higher levels can cause weakness, bronchitis, pulmonary edema, shortness of breath, convulsions, and death. Some effects, such as pulmonary edema, convulsions, and liver injury, may appear or continue to be present days after an exposure. Ingestion of metal phosphides results in release of phosphine in your stomach which can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. (L980)
ICSC Environmental Data	The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. Environmental effects from the substance have not been investigated adequately.
Human Toxicity Excerpts	/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation of phosphine liberated from calcium phosphide may cause lung edema. The substance may cause effects on the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system, resulting in impaired functions and respiratory failure. Exposure may result in death. ...The symptoms of lung oedema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation is therefore essential.
Carcinogen Classification	No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Environmental Abiotic Degradation	Decomposed by moist air or water, evolving spontaneously-flammable phosphine.
Antidote and Emergency Treatment	Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . /Phosphine and Related Compounds/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Phosphine and Related Compounds/
DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI)	Calcium phosphideA Commercial GradeA Placarded AmountChemical or material that can be mixed with readily available materials.
F	10
Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK)	3
TSCA-Inventar-Status	TSCA listed
UN-Transportnummer	UN 1360
R-Sätze (R)	15/29-28-50
Gefahrensymbole	F,T+,N
Sicherheitshinweise (S)	22-43-45-61-36/37-28
Gefahrenklasse	4.3
Verpackungsgruppe	I
Gefahrstoffdaten	1305-99-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Anwendungen & Verwendung

Beschreibung

Calcium phosphide has the molecular formula of Ca3P2 and the molecular weight of 182.1825 g/mol. Its CAS number is 1305-99-3. It is a red-brown crystalline material with a melting point of 1605°C. Its density is 2.51 g/cm3. It readily reacts with water to form phosphine, PH3, but is insoluble in ethanol. It is easily prepared by reacting the metal with red phosphorus at high temperature. The best way is to sublime the P4 at 450°C in an inert gas stream and react it with Mg metal at 750°C: 6Ca + 2P42Ca3P4

Verwenden

Metal phosphides, primarily Ca3P2, have been used as rodenticides. Calcium phosphide baits have strong, pungent garlic-like odor characteristic for phosphine liberated by hydrolysis. The odor attracts rodents, but has a repulsive effect on other animals, who are not receptive to the smell. This salt has uses in incendiary bombs and other explosives. On contact with acids or water, calcium phosphide releases phosphine, which ignites spontaneously. It is also used in fireworks, torpedoes, self-igniting naval pyrotechnic flares, and various water-activated ammunition.