9.5 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink9.64 g/cu cmDensity: 9.53 g/cu cm (alpha)9.6 g/cu cm (beta)9.5 g/cm³
Color/Form
Exists in 2 forms: red to reddish-yellow, tetragonal crystals at ordinary temperatureyellow, orthorhombic crystals, stable above 489 °CYellow orthorhombic crystals
Löslichkeit
In water: 0.0504 g/L at 25 °C (alpha form)0.1065 g/L at 25 °C (beta form)Water: 0.017 g/L at 20 °CInsoluble in water, alcoholsoluble in acetic acid, dilute nitric acid, warm soln of fixed alkali hydroxidesSoluble in ammonium chlorideSolubility in water: none
Siedepunkt
1472 °C1470 °C
Decomposition
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /lead/.
Schmelzpunkt
887 °CMP: 897 °C, begins to sublime before melting888 °C
Dampfdruck
1 Pa at 724 °C10 Pa at 816 °C100 Pa at 928 °C1kPa at 1065 °C10 kPa at 1241 °C100 kPa at 1471 °C
Physical Description
Litharge appears as odorless gray or yellow green or red-brown solid. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)Dry PowderOther SolidRed to yellow crystals[ICSC] Practically insoluble in water (17 mg/L at 20 deg C)[ATSDR ToxProfiles]RED-TO-YELLOW CRYSTALS.
Stability/Shelf Life
Stable under recommended storage conditions.Exists in 2 forms: (1) Red to reddish-yellow, tetragonal crystalsstable at ordinary temps. (2) Yellow, orthorhombic crystalsstable >489 °C
Other Experimental Properties
Commercial grades are yellow to reddish, depending on treatment and purityAt 300-450 °C in air converted slowly into lead tetraoxide (Pb3O4) but at higher temp reverts to lead oxide (PbO)Reddish, alpha form (litharge)is stable up to 489 °C where it transforms to the yellow, beta form (massicot). The latter is stable at high temperatures.Amphoteric, dissolving in acids and alkalies. In alkalies, it forms the plumbite ion, PbO2(2-).
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
GHS-Einstufung
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.1% (9 of 841) of reports.DangerH302+H332 (20.3%): Harmful if swallowed or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oralacute toxicity, inhalation]H302 (98.9%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]H332 (98.9%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]H351 (56.5%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]H360 (83.5%): May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity]H360Df (15.8%): May damage the unborn childSuspected of damaging fertility [Danger Reproductive toxicity]H362 (34.6%): May cause harm to breast-fed children [Reproductive toxicity, effects on or via lactation]H372 (48.8%): Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]H373 (50.1%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]H400 (74.7%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]H410 (98.9%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]P203, P260, P261, P263, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P304+P340, P317, P318, P319, P330, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 841 reports by companies from 38 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 9 of 841 reports by companies.There are 36 notifications provided by 832 of 841 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.
Regulatorische Informationen
Chemical: Lead oxide (PbO)Conditions Of Use:This chemical must not be imported or manufactured for use in any:
- industrial surface coating or as a component of industrial surface coatings at concentrations greater than 0.1%*
- ink or as a component of inks at concentrations greater than 0.1%*, when intended for industrial uses
*calculated on the non-volatile component of the surface coating or ink
Specific Information Requirement: Obligations to provide information apply. You must tell us within 28 days if the circumstances of your importation or manufacture (introduction) are different to those in our assessment.
Lead oxide (PbO) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Lead oxide (PbO) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Status: Active Update: 19-04-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15541
Reason for inclusion: Toxic for reproduction (Article 57c)
Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen
IMAP assessments - Lead oxides: Human health tier II assessmentPEC / SN / Other assessments - Lead compounds used in industrial surface coatings and inks: HealthEvaluation - Lead and lead manufacturing byproducts
DOT-Kennzeichnung
Poison
Brandgefahren
Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. (ERG, 2024)Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.
Gesundheitsgefahren
General symptoms of lead poisoning (delayed). Inhalation or ingestion causes abdominal pain (lead colic), metallic taste in mouth, loss of weight, pain in muscles, and muscular weakness. Dust may irritate eyes. (USCG, 1999)
Gefahrenübersicht
See Lead and linked occupational diseases.
Reaktive Gruppe
Non-Redox-Active Inorganic Compounds
EG-Einstufung
Symbol: T, NR: 61-20/22-33-50/53-62S: 53-45-60-61Note: A, E
UN-Einstufung
UN Hazard Class: 6.1
Special Reports
DHHS/ATSDRToxicological Profile for Lead (August 2007).[Available from, as of May 3, 2016: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp13.pdf]National Toxicology ProgramReport on Carcinogens, Thirteenth Edition (2014). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Lead and Lead Compounds are listed as reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. /Lead and Lead Compounds/[Available from, as of May 3, 2016: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/pubhealth/roc/roc13/]
RCRA-Anforderungen
D008A solid waste containing lead may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Lead/
OSHA Standards
Permissible Exposure Limit: (1) The employer shall assure that no employee is exposed to lead at concentrations greater than fifty micrograms per cubic meter of air (50 ug/cu m) averaged over an 8-hr period. (2) If an employee is exposed to lead for more than 8 hr in any work day, the permissible exposure limit, as a time weighted average (TWA) for that day, shall be reduced according to the following formula: Maximum permissible limit (in ug/cu m)=400 divided by the number of hours worked in the day. (3) When respirators are used to supplement engineering and work practice controls to comply with the PEL and all the requirements of paragraph (f) have been met, employee exposure, for the purpose of determining whether the employer has complied with the PEL, may be considered to be at the level provided by the protection factor of the respirator for those periods the respirator is worn. Those periods may be averaged with exposure levels during periods when respirators are not worn to determine the employee's daily TWA exposure. /Lead means metallic lead, all inorganic lead compounds, and organic lead soaps. Excluded from this definition are all other organic lead compounds./
Brandbekämpfung
Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzlesif this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.
Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen
Fresh air, rest.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .
Erste Hilfe
Consult physician after ingestion or exposure to high concentrations of dust.INGESTION: call physician at onceas first aid, induce vomiting and give milk and magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt). (USCG, 1999)
Sichere Lagerung
Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers.
Firefighting Hazards
Lead is combustible in powder form when exposed to heat or flame. /Inorganic lead/
Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung
Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Lead in blood = 200 ug/L (20 ug/100 ml)sampling time not critical
Brandbekämpfungsverfahren
Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.Extinguishant: Dry sand, dry dolomite, or dry graphite. /Inorganic lead/If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Lead compounds, NOS/
Lagerbedingungen
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep in a dry place. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non-combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects.Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials.
Reinigungsverfahren
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for lead: Concentration process: Biological treatment. /Lead/The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for lead: Concentration process: Chemical precipitation. /Lead/For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for Lead(II) Oxide (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Freisetung ohne Brand
Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. For solids, prevent dust cloud and avoid inhalation of dust. (ERG, 2024)
Entsorgungsverfahren
Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D008, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubberContaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.Chemical Treatability of LeadConcentration Process: Biological TreatmentChemical Classification: MetalScale of Study: Respirometer StudyResults of Study: Oxygen uptake inhibited. /Inorganic lead cmpd/Scale of Study: Laboratory ScaleType of Wastewater Used: Synthetic WastewaterResults of Study: No stimulation or inhibition of biological growth (study of Nitrosomonas bacteria). /Inorganic lead cmpd/
Verschüttetes entsorgen
Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Körperbelastung
After being exposed to a special brick mortar that contained 71% lead(II) oxide, four members of an 11-man crew of bricklayers in western Washington state developed symptomatic lead poisoning(1). Peak blood lead levels (BLLs) for the four workers ranged from 88 to 123 ug/dL, in May 1989(1). In March 1999, two Hispanic children residing in Stanislaus County, CA had blood lead level (BLL) of 88.0 and 69.0 ug/dL after using a Mexican folk remedy called greta, that contains lead(II) oxide(2).
Wechselwirkungen
Heterogeneous chemistry of nitrogen dioxide with lead-containing particles is investigated to better understand lead metal mobilization in the environment. In particular, PbO particles, a model lead-containing compound due to its widespread presence as a component of lead paint and as naturally occurring minerals, massicot, and litharge, are exposed to nitrogen dioxide at different relative humidity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows that upon exposure to nitrogen dioxide the surface of PbO particles reacts to form adsorbed nitrates and lead nitrate thin films with the extent of nitrate formation relative humidity dependent. NO(2)-exposed PbO particles are found to have an increase in the amount of lead that dissolves in aqueous suspensions at circumneutral pH compared to particles not exposed. These results point to the potential importance and impact that heterogeneous chemistry with trace atmospheric gases can have on increasing solubility and therefore the mobilization of heavy metals, such as lead, in the environment. This study also shows that surface intermediates that form, such as adsorbed lead nitrates, can yield higher concentrations of lead in water systems. These water systems can include drinking water, groundwater, estuaries, and lakes.Chelating agents in plasma reduce the proportion of metals bound to proteins. EDTA Ca is energetic on all metals mainly on lead, cadmium, and zinc. N-acetyl-DL penicillamin is less energetic. Meso 2,3 dimercapto succinic acid, and 2,3 dimercapto-1-propan sulfonic acid have an effect only on Lead but in a very light way. ... /Metal oxides/30 male and 30 female hamsters (Syrian golden, 6 wk old) were intratracheally injected with 1 mg lead oxide, alone or with 1 mg benzo(a)pyrene once a wk for 10 wk. Lead oxide alone induced alveolar metaplasia (19) and adenomatous proliferation (3) in the lungs. In combination with benzo(a) pyrene, lead oxide caused adenoma (9) and adenocarcinomas (1) in the peripheral area of the lungs, as well as alveolar metaplasia (23) and adenomatous proliferation (5).The pulmonary toxicity of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and lead(II) oxide alone or in combination was studied in rats after a single intratracheal instillation. The lead content in the lungs and the whole blood was determined and it has been found that the clearance of lead from the lung was delayed by dithiocarbamate complex formation, which probably had a role in increased IgA levels in the bronchoalveolar fluid and the induction of local immune response. The combined exposure gave rise to calcium deposits in the lungs both extra- and intracellularly after 1 month of exposure. Both separate and combined exposure invoked permanent injury in membranes or dystrophic changes in the cytoplasm of pneumocytes, which may initiate and generate a series of events leading to fibrosing alveolitis.
Ökotoxizitätswerte
LC50Species: Gambusia affinis (Western mosquitofish) adultConditions: freshwater, static, 18-20 °C, pH 7.1-7.2Concentration: >56,000 mg/L for 24 hr /formulated product/Concentration: >56,000 mg/L for 48 hr /formulated product/Concentration: >56,000 mg/L for 96 hr /formulated product/Species: Daphnia magna (Water Flea) age <24 hr neonateConditions: freshwater, static, pH 7.5-9.1Concentration: 132 ug/L for 48 hr /dissolved Pb/Concentration: 388000 ug/L for 48 hr /total Pb ion/
Umweltverhalten
TERRESTRIAL FATE: Lead(II) oxide will not leach in soil because of its low solubility. In soil, lead(II) oxide is expected to convert to more insoluble forms such as lead sulfate, lead phosphate, and lead sulfite. It also forms complexes with organic matter and clay minerals that limits its mobility(1).AQUATIC FATE: If released into water, lead(II) oxide will partly settle out due to its low solubility. In the dissolved state it will form ligands, the dominant ones varying with pH. In freshwater systems, the most important ligands are HCO3, CO3, OH and (OH)2, whereas in seawater they are Cl, CO3, (OH), (OH)2, Cl2, and CL3(1).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Lead(II) oxide released to the atmosphere will be in particulate form which will be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition. (SRC)
Lebensmitteluntersuchungswerte
Lead(II) oxide has been identified in candy packaged in ceramic jars from Mexico(1). Lead(II) oxide was found in imported candy from Mexico, specifically Bolirindo lollipops(2).
Unerwünschte Wirkungen
Neurotoxin - Predominantly motorNephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.Hemolytic anemia - Decreased hemoglobin or number of red blood cells.Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.IARC Carcinogen - Class 2: International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies chemicals as probable (2a), or possible (2b) human carcinogens.NTP Carcinogen - Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.ACGIH Carcinogen - Confirmed Animal.
Expositionspfade
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.
Toxizitätsübersicht
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Lead oxide exists in 2 forms: red to reddish-yellow, tetragonal crystals and yellow, orthorhombic crystals. It is used in manufacturing of storage batteries, ceramic products, paints, and rubber. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Acute lead encephalopathy in early infancy has been reported in a Middle Eastern study for 14 infants following the use of Bint al Dahab, a traditional medicine containing 91% lead monoxide. Twenty-seven one- to six-year-old children of 22 workers at a storage battery plant at high risk of exposure to lead oxide were compared with 32 one- to six-year-old children in 22 neighborhood control families for evidence of increased lead absorption. Workers' children had significantly higher blood lead and erythrocyte protoporphyrin values than control children. Chromosomes were analyzed in cultured lymphocytes of 44 male workers from a lead oxide factory, and from a control group of 15 nonexposed individuals. Lead concentration in blood ranged from 30 to 75 ug/100 mL in exposed subjects and from 15 to 35 ug/10 mL in controls. Length of exposure to lead ranged from one month to 11 years eight months. In subjects occupationally exposed to lead, a significant increase in chromatid and chromosome aberrations was found. The frequency of such findings parallels exposure time to lead. ANIMAL STUDIES: 30 male and 30 female hamsters were intratracheally injected with 1 mg lead oxide, alone or with 1 mg benzo(a)pyrene once a wk for 10 wk. Lead oxide alone induced alveolar metaplasia (19) and adenomatous proliferation (3) in the lungs. In combination with benzo(a) pyrene, lead oxide caused adenoma (9) and adenocarcinomas (1) in the peripheral area of the lungs, as well as alveolar metaplasia (23) and adenomatous proliferation (5). In male rats inhalation of lead oxide did not affect fertility, but seminal vesicle weight dropped significantly, which might suggest an alteration in the pattern of testosterone secretion. In the male progeny of
Ökotoxizitätsauszüge
/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ ... A study was carried out to monitor lead toxicity in soil, using adult earthworms (Eisenia fetida, Savigny). Leaded gasoline (TEL) and lead oxide are 383- and 211-fold more toxic than unleaded gasoline (MTBE) in 7 days of exposure and 627- and 290-fold more toxic in 14 days, respectively. Results indicate that the presence of TEL in leaded gasoline and lead oxide has a significant effect on behavior, morphology, and histopathology of earthworms. Absorption of TEL into the tissues is comparatively less than that of lead oxide but toxic effects were severe. Rupture of the cuticle, extrusion of coelomic fluid and inflexible metameric segmentation were observed, causing desensitization of the posterior region leading to fragmentation in earthworms./OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ ... Woodlice (Porcellio scaber) /were exposed/ to treated soil litter containing between 100 and 12,800 mg/kg dry weight of lead, as lead oxide, over 64 wk. No significant effect was found on adult survival, number of young produced or on survival of young at exposures up to 6400 mg lead/kg. There was a significant reduction in all three parameters after exposure to 12,800 mg/kg.
Signs and Symptoms
Abdominal pain. Nausea. Vomiting.
Ongoing Test Status
The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Short-Term Toxicity Studies" and 'Special Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical.[Available from, as of May 3, 2016: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/agents/ts-10677-y.html]
Effluent Concentrations
The major constituents of sintering and blast furnace operations appear to be lead oxide.lead sulfate (PbO.PbSO4) and PbSO4(1). The chemical composition of baghouse effluent from smelting and refining operations in one case was 70% PbO.PbSO4(2). Lead(II) oxide was identified, not quantified, in particulate matter collected on a filter in the vicinity of a lead smelter(3).The composition of airborne lead particulates were measured in car exhaust (initial concentration and 18 hours after the sampled had set) and along urban and rural roads. Lead(II) oxide (PbO) was reported as a percentage of the total lead particles present, and in affiliation with other lead compounds as follows(1):[Table#1799]
Luftstandards
National primary and secondary ambient air quality standards for lead and its compounds, measured as elemental lead by a reference method based on appendix G to this part, or by an equivalent method, are: 1.5 ug/cu m, maximum arithmetic mean averaged over a calendar quarter. /Lead and its compounds, as Pb/Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Lead compounds are included on this list. /Lead compounds/
Clean Water Act Anforderungen
Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Lead and compounds/
State Drinking Water Standards
(AZ) ARIZONA 50 ug/L. /Lead/
Landesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser
(AZ) ARIZONA 20 ug/L /Lead/(ME) MAINE 10 ug/L /Lead/
Federal Drinking Water Standards
EPA 15 ug/L (Action Level). /Lead/
Bundesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): zero mg/L. /Lead/
Alarmwort
Achtung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code H302
