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Ammoniumhydrogendifluorid
AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE · NH4HF2 · Ammonium Biflouride · AMMONIUM HYDROGEN FLUORIDE · en fL · Flammon · ETCHING POWDER · Ammonium difluoride
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 1341-49-7 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | F2H.H4N |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 57,044 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 57,0390056 g/mol |
| SMILES | F.[F-].[NH4+] |
| InChIKey | KVBCYCWRDBDGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 14935 |
| EC No. | 215-676-4 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID9029645 |
| Lokaler Name | Ammoniumhydrogendifluorid |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 1 |
|---|---|
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 2 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 2 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 3 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 0 |
| Stoffklassen | Other Classes -> Fluorides, InorganicCorrosives |
| pH | pH = 3.5 (5% solution)2 (5.7g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Geruch | Odorless |
| Dichte | 1.5 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink1.50 g/cu cm1.50 @25 °C1,5 g/cm3 |
| Color/Form | Rhombic or tetragonal crystalsOrthorhombic crystalsWhite crystals |
| Löslichkeit | Solubility in 90% ethanol = 1.73X10+5 mg/LIn water, 6.02X10+5 mg/L at 20 °C630g/l630 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Corrosivity | Will etch glassIn presence of moisture will corrode glass, cement, and most metals. |
| Siedepunkt | 463.1 °F at 760 mmHg (Decomposes at 446 °F) (USCG, 1999)240 °C (decomposes)240 °C @760 [mm Hg]230 °C |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen flouride, nitrogen oxides and ammonia/. |
| Schmelzpunkt | 258 °F (USCG, 1999)125.6 °C126 °C125 °C(lit.) |
| Food Contact Substances | FCS -> FDA Inventory of Food Contact Substances Listed in 21 CFR |
| Brechungsindex | Index of refraction = 1.390 |
| Dampfdruck | 1 hPa (20 °C) |
| Flammpunkt | 238°C |
| Lagerbedingungen | Store at room temperature. |
| Aggregatzustand | Solid |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | 6.3[at 20 ℃] |
| Farbe | White |
| Wichte | 1.5 |
| Geruch | acidic odor |
| Merck | 14,498 |
| Stabilität | hygroscopic |
| InChI | 1S/2FH.H3N/h2*1H1H3 |
| InChIKey | KVBCYCWRDBDGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | N.F.F |
| CAS Datenbank | 1341-49-7(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Ammonium bifluoride (1341-49-7) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Ammonium fluoride, ((NH4)(HF2))Ammonium fluoride ((NH4)(HF2)) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Ammonium fluoride ((NH4)(HF2)) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 15-11-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14195Ammonium fluoride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Bifluorides: Human health tier II assessment |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | CorrosiveCorrosive Poison |
| Brandgefahren | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic ammonia, hydrogen fluoride, hydrofluoric acid, and hydrogen gases may form in fire. (USCG, 1999)Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Inhalation of dust may cause irritation of the respiratory system. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach, vomiting, abdominal pain, convulsions, collapse, acute toxic nephritis. Contact with dust irritates eyes and may cause chemical burns or rash on skin. High concs. of fluorine in the urine have been reported following skin contact. (USCG, 1999)Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVEinhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. |
| Gefahrenübersicht | Produces weak hydrofluoric acid when dissolved in waterCorrosive[CAMEO] Decomposes when heated above 240 deg C forming toxic and corrosive hydrogen fluoride gas[CHEMINFO] Repeated, heavy exposures could cause fluorosis. [NJ-HSFS] See FLUORIDES. |
| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 1727 1542817 154 |
| FDA-Anforderungen | Ammonium bifluoride is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives. |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Salts, Acidic |
| OSHA Standards | Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 2.5 mg/cu m. /Fluorides as F/Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-2 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 2.5 mg/cu m. /Fluoride as dust/ |
| Reactivity Profile | AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE reacts violently with bases. In presence of moisture will corrode glass, cement, and most metals. Flammable hydrogen gas may collect in enclosed spaces. Do not use steel, nickel, or aluminum containers (USCG, 1999). |
| History and Incidents | A concn of 0.15 g fluoride/l was found in lemonade which caused the poisoning of 48 subjects. The source of the poisoning was identified as Flammon (a soln of ammonium bifluoride used for the cleaning of aluminum containers) left in lemonade containers after cleaning. |
| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: |
| Freisetungsmaßnahmen | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
| Erste Hilfe | Begin first aid as quickly as possible.Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:General First Aid: |
| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).1.0 [mg/m3], as F, inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)] |
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. |
| Lagerbedingungen | Solution /USP topical fluoride solution/ should be stored in Plax (plastic), paraffin lined, or pyrex bottles. |
| Reinigungsverfahren | Neutralizing agents ... flush with water, rinse with dilute soln of sodium bicarbonate or soda ash.Environmental considerations- land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cemented powder. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.Environmental considerations- water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.Environmental considerations- air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment. |
| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.Waste annoniacal bromate and ammonium bifluoride soln were disposed of by evaporation. No air pollution was observed.Group III Containers (both combustible and non-combustible) that previously held organic mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, or inorganic pesticides should be triple rinsed, punctured and disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Non-rinsed containers should be encapsulated and buried at a specially designated landfill site. /Organic mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, or inorganic pesticides/ |
| Preventive Measures | Ammonium bifluoride soln should be thoroughly washed from the skin with mildly alkaline soap as soon as possible. ...If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Avoid breathing fumes from burning material.SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers.SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place. |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:Immediate precautionary measure |
| Threshold Limit Values (TLV) | 2.5 [mg/m3], as F |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns. |
| Ökotoxizitätsauszüge | /PLANTS/ The visible effects of toxic concentrations of fluoride on plants are well documented. They may include chlorosis, peripheral necrosis, leaf distortion, and malformation or abnormal fruit development. None of these symptoms are specific to fluoride, and the effects of many other stresses may appear very similar. The diagnosis of fluoride injury normally involves both visual and chemical evidence, and comparison of a number of species of known tolerance growing around the source. Factors relating to the frequency of exposure have also to be taken into account. /Fluoride/ |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Most available toxicity information on fluoride relates to acute toxicity of hydrofluoric acid (''HF''). However, other water soluble fluoride-containing compounds can cause fluoride poisoning. The fluoride ion is systemically absorbed almost immediately. It is highly penetrating and reactive and can cause both systemic poisoning and tissue destruction. Fluoride ions, once separated from either HF or fluoride salts, penetrate deep into tissues, causing burning at sites deeper than the original exposure site. The process of tissue destruction can continue for days. Fluoride absorption can produce hyperkalemia (elevated serum potassium), hypocalcemia (lowered serum calcium), hypomagnesemia (lowered serum magnesium), and metabolic and respiratory acidosis. These disturbances can then bring on cardiac arrhythmia, respiratory stimulation followed by respiratory depression, muscle spasms, convulsions, central nervous system (''CNS'') depression, possible respiratory paralysis or cardiac failure, and death. Fluoride may also inhibit cellular respiration and glycolysis, alter membrane permeability and excitability, and cause neurotoxic and adverse GI effects. When exposure is through inhalation, fluorides can cause severe chemical burns to the respiratory system. Inhalation can result in difficulty breathing (dyspnea), bronchospasms, chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, airway obstruction, and tracheobronchitis. The severity of burns from dermal absorption can vary depending on the concentration of fluoride available, duration of the exposure, the surface area exposed, and the penetrability of the exposed tissue. Ocular exposure can result in serious eye injury. Ingestion of fluoride can result in mild to severe GI symptoms. Reports suggest that ingesting 3 to 5 milligrams of fluoride per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) causes vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Ingestion of more than 5 mg/kg may produce systemic toxicity. A retrospective poison control center study of fluoride ingestions reported that symptoms, primarily safely tolerated GI symptoms that tended to resolve within 24 hours, developed following ingestions of 4 to 8.4 mg/kg of fluoride./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Human fatalities have resulted from both oral exposure to sodium fluoride and dermal exposure to hydrofluoric acid. Dermal exposure to hydrofluoric acid is often accompanied by inhalation of hydrofluoric acid fumes. Human studies and case reports have investigated the effects of nonlethal oral doses of sodium fluoride, although only after acute exposure. These exposures have resulted in mostly gastrointestinal effects and consequences of hypocalcemia (e.g., nervous system and cardiovascular effects). /Sodium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid//SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Toxic if taken internally. Hydrofluoric acid burns may occur if the material comes in contact with moist skin./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Contact with dust irritates eyes and may cause burns or rash on skin.For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Typical symptoms of acute toxicity are reduction or loss of appetite, local or general congestion, and sub-mucosal hemorrhages of the gastrointestinal tract. /Fluoride//LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ If sufficient fluoride is absorbed ... fluoride ion increases capillary permeability and also produces a coagulation defect. These actions lead to hemorrhagic gastroenteritis and hemorrhages, congestion, and edema in various organs including the brain. Clinical manifestations ...include excitability, muscle tremors, weakness, urination, defecation, salivation, emesis, sudden collapse, clonic convulsions, coma, and death due to respiratory and cardiac failure. Cyanosis and early rigor mortis. ... /Fluoride//LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ Several animal studies have examined the chronic toxicity /of ingested fluoride/the observed effects included bone alterations in rats, mice, and mink, intestinal damage in rabbits, hematological effects in rabbits, immunological effects in rabbits, and male reproductive effects in rabbits. /Fluoride//GENOTOXICITY/ The L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell forward-mutation assay was used to test for the mutagenic activity of sodium and potassium fluoride at the thymidine kinase locus. Mutants were detected by colony formation in soft agar in the presence of trifluorothymidine. Mutagenic and toxic responses were observed in the concentration range of 300-600 micrograms/ml with both sodium and potassium fluoride. Approximately 3-fold increases in mutant frequency were observed for concentrations in the 500-700 ug/mL range that reduced the relative total growth to approximately 10% in the absence or presence of a rat-liver S9 activation system. A sample of 30% sodium fluoride-70% sodium bifluoride (NaHF2) induced a similar mutagenic response but was more toxic with respect to the fluoride concentration. A specificity for fluoride ions in causing mutagenesis was indicated by the fast that much higher concentrations of sodium or potassium chloride were necessary to cause toxicity and increases in the mutant frequency. The possible involvement of chromosomal changes was signaled by the predominant increase in the small colony class of mutants.For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Populations at Special Risk | Populations that appear to be at increased risk from the effects of fluoride are individuals that suffer from diabetes insipidus or some forms of renal impairment. These high risk populations represent a relatively small segment of the general populations. /Fluoride/ |
| Antidote and Emergency Treatment | Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Monitor ECG and serum calcium, magnesium, and potassium for at least 4 to 6 hours. Admit symptomatic patients with ECG or electrolyte abnormalities to an intensive care setting. When clinically significant hypocalcemia is present, administer intravenous calcium gluconate ... and monitor ionized calcium levels and titrate further doses as needed. Treat hypomagnesemia with intravenous magnesium sulfate... . Treat hypokalemia with intravenous calcium and other usual measures. Do not induce vomiting because of the risk of abrupt onset of seizures and arrhythmias. Administer an antacid containing calcium (eg, calcium carbonate) orally to raise gastric pH and complex free fluoride, reducing absorption. Foods rich in calcium (eg, milk) can also bind fluoride. Magnesium-containing antacids have also been recommended but there are little data for their effectiveness. ... Consider gastric lavage for recent large ingestions. Activated charcoal does not absorb fluoride and is not likely to be beneficial. Because fluoride rapidly binds to free calcium and bone and has a short elimination half-life, hemodialysis is not likely to be effective.Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures adn treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/ |
| Non-Human Toxicity Values | LD50 Rat oral about 130 mg/kg |
| CERCLA-Meldepflichtmengen | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b). |
| Clean Water Act Anforderungen | Ammonium bifluoride is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance. |
| F | 3-9 |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 1 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 2817 8/PG II/III (AMMONIUM HYDROGEN- DIFLUORIDE SOLUTION) |
| Zollcode | 28261910 |
| RTECS-Nr. | BQ9200000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 25-34 |
| Gefahrensymbole | T,C |
| hazard_note | Toxic/Corrosive/Hygroscopic |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 22-26-37-45-36/37/39 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 8Acute Tox. 3 OralEye Dam. 1Skin Corr. 1B |
| Verpackungsgruppe | II |
| Lagerklasse | 6.1D - Non-combustible acute toxic Cat.3toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 1341-49-7(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
In manufacture of Mg and Mg alloys; in brightening of Al; for purifying and cleansing various parts of beer-dispensing apparatus, tubes, etc., sterilizing dairy and other food equipment; in glass and porcelain industries; as mordant for aluminum; as a "sour" in laundering cloth. In lab production of HF.