Chromium(III) picolinate
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Grundinformationen
- CAS
14639-25-9- Standard-SMILES
O=C([O-])c1ccccn1.O=C([O-])c1ccccn1.O=C([O-])c1ccccn1.[Cr+3]- InChIKey
CBDQOLKNTOMMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-K- Summenformel
- C18H12CrN3O6
- Durchschnittliche Molmasse
- 418,3 g/mol
Überblick
Chromium picolinate has a chemical formula CrPic3 and reddish-pink color. It is a coordination complex consisting of chromium(III) and picolinic acid. Chromium picolinate is used as a nutritional supplement for optimal insulin function in patients with Type 2 diabetes or promotion of weight loss. Chromium ions are shown to regulate insulin by promoting glucose utilization and increasing the sensitivity of the insulin receptor.
Namen und Bezeichner
- Bevorzugter Name
- Chromium(III) picolinate
- IUPAC
- chromium(3+);tris(pyridine-2-carboxylate)
Namen und Synonyme
Chromium picolinate14639-25-9Chromium(III) PicolinateDTXSID1024831Chromium(III) trispicolinateChromaxDivistaPicolinic acid, chromium saltChromium 2-pyridinecarboxylatetris(picolinato)chromiumDTXCID304831S71T8B8Z6P
Weitere Namen anzeigen
2-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, chromium saltCHEBI:50369tris(2-pyridinecarboxylato-N(1),O(2))chromiumCrPicChromium, tris(2-pyridinecarboxylato-kappaN1,kappaO2)-RefChem:58289bis(pyridine-2-carbonyloxy)chromio pyridine-2-carboxylate477-680-4
Datenbank-Bezeichner
- CAS
14639-25-9- PubChem CID
- 151932
- DTXSID
DTXSID1024831- ChEMBL
CHEMBL3185022- UNII
- S71T8B8Z6P
- EC Number
- 477-680-4、604-524-6
- Nikkaji
- J790.269G
Eigenschaften
Berechnete StruktureigenschaftenWird ergänzt
- Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)
- 159 Ų
- H-Brücken-Donoren
- 0
- H-Brücken-Akzeptoren
- 9
- Frei drehbare Bindungen
- 0
- Schwere Atome
- 28
- Formalladung
- 0
- Komplexität
- 108
Experimentelle und physikochemische Eigenschaften
Chemical ClassesMetals -> Chromium Compounds, Inorganic
Physical DescriptionRuby red crystals; Soluble in water at 1 ppm at 20 deg C; [ACGIH]
Sicherheit und Regulatorisches
GHS-Klassifizierung
GHS Classification
Warning
H315 (94.9%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]
P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 99 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Warning
H317 (100%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]
Gefahrenhinweise
Regulatory Information
Directive (EC) No 46/2002
Status: Active Update: 10-11-2008 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/2842
Chromium picolinate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Hazards SummaryThe trivalent form of Cr is 500-1000 times less toxic than the hexavalent form. Organic Cr-containing complexes of toxicological importance have not been reported. [Nordberg, p. 718]
Hazard Classes and Categories
Skin Sens. 1 (100%)
Skin Irrit. 2 (94.9%)
Sicherheit und Schutzausrüstung
Threshold Limit Values (TLV)0.003 [mg/m3], as Cr(III), inhalable particulate matter
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)0.5 [mg/m3]
Toxikologische Informationen
TreatmentThere is no know antidote for chromium poisoning. Exposure is usually handled with symptomatic treatment. (L16)
Health EffectsChromium in its trivalent state is not very toxic. It may be oxidized to hexavalent chromium, a known carcinogen. Hexavalent chromium has also been shown to affect reproduction and development. (A12)
Adverse EffectsACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.
Exposure RoutesOral (L16) ; inhalation (L16) ; dermal (L16)
Toxicity Summary
Trivalent chromium may also form complexes with peptides, proteins, and DNA, resulting in DNA-protein crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, DNA-DNA interstrand crosslinks, chromium-DNA adducts, chromosomal aberrations and alterations in cellular signaling pathways. It has been shown to induce carcinogenesis by overstimulating cellular regulatory pathways and increasing peroxide levels by activating certain mitogen-activated protein kinases. It can also cause transcriptional repression by cross-linking histone deacetylase 1-DNA methyltransferase 1 complexes to CYP1A1 promoter chromatin, inhibiting histone modification. Chromium may increase its own toxicity by modifying metal regulatory transcription factor 1, causing the inhibition of zinc-induced metallothionein transcription. (A12, L16, A34, A35, A36)
Signs and Symptoms
Chromium in its trivalent state is not very toxic, but it may be oxidized to hexavalent chromium. Breathing hexavalent chromium can cause irritation to the lining of the nose, nose ulcers, runny nose, and breathing problems, such as asthma, cough, shortness of breath, or wheezing. Ingestion of hexavalent chromium causes irritation and ulcers in the stomach and small intestine, as well as anemia. Skin contact can cause skin ulcers. (L16)
Carcinogen Classification3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135)
Chemie und Industrie
Pharmakologische Informationen
Metabolism/Metabolites
Chromium is absorbed from oral, inhalation, or dermal exposure and distributes to nearly all tissues, with the highest concentrations found in kidney and liver. Bone is also a major storage site and may contribute to long-term retention. Hexavalent chromium's similarity to sulfate and chromate allow it to be transported into cells via sulfate transport mechanisms. Inside the cell, hexavalent chromium is reduced first to pentavalent chromium, then to trivalent chromium by many substances including ascorbate, glutathione, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Chromium is almost entirely excreted with the urine. (A12, L16)
MeSH Pharmacological Classification
Organic chemicals that form two or more coordination links with an iron ion. Once coordination has occurred, the complex formed is called a chelate. The iron-binding porphyrin group of hemoglobin is an example of a metal chelate found in biological systems.
Verwendung und Herstellung
Uses
Used as a chromium supplement; [Merck Index]
Chromium(III) picolinate is found in nutritional supplements to prevent or treat chromium deficiency.
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