Cyanocobalamin
Vitamin B12
Grundinformationen
- CAS
68-19-9- Standard-SMILES
C/C1=C2/[N-][C@H]([C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP(=O)([O-])O[C@H]2C(O)[C@@H](n3cnc4cc(C)c(C)cc43)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@]2(C)N=C(/C(C)=C3N=C(/C=C4N=C1[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C\4(C)C)[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)[C@]\3(C)CC(N)=O)[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)[C@]2(C)CC(N)=O.[C-]#N.[Co+3]- InChIKey
FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-SYUKHSAKSA-L- Summenformel
- C63H88CoN14O14P
- Durchschnittliche Molmasse
- 1.355,4 g/mol
- Monoisotopische Masse
- 1.354,56740013
Überblick
vitamin B12 is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655).
Namen und Bezeichner
- Bevorzugter Name
- Vitamin B12
- IUPAC
- cobalt(3+);[(2R,3S,5S)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2R)-1-[3-[(1R,2R,3R,4Z,7S,9Z,12S,13S,14Z,17S,18S,19R)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2,7,12,17-tetrahydro-1H-corrin-21-id-3-yl]propanoylamino]propan-2-yl] phosphate;cyanide
- Lokaler Name
- Cyanocobalamin
- Englischer Name
- Vitamin B12
- Summenformel
- C63H88CoN14O14P
- Molmasse
- 1355.37
Namen und Synonyme
vitamin B1268-19-9CoobalamedVitamin B 12CynobalB 12, VitaminVitamine B12vitamin B-12Distivit (B12 peptide)Factor II (vitamin B12)Vatimin B12B12, Vitamin
Weitere Namen anzeigen
CYANOCOBALAMINVb12METHYLCOBALAMINCYANOCOBALAMINEhemomincyanocobalamin (b12)COBALAMINEhydroxycobalamin chlorideVIT B12depinar
RefChem:901999CHEBI:176843DTXCID501513207Cobinamide, cyanide hydroxide, dihydrogen phosphatecobalt(3+) ion 4,9,14-tris(2-carbamoylethyl)-3,8,19-tris(carbamoylmethyl)-18-(2-((2-((5-(5,6-dimethyl-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl phosphonato)oxy)propyl)carbamoyl)ethyl)-2,3,6,8,13,13,16,18-octamethyl-20,21,22,23-tetraazapentacyclo(15.2.1.12,5.17,10.112,15)tricosa-5(23),6,10(22),11,15(21),16-hexaen-20-ideCobalamin (III)cobalt(3+);((2R,3S,4R)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxidanyl-oxolan-3-yl) ((2R)-1-(3-((1R,2R,3R,5Z,7S,10Z,12S,13S,15Z,17S,18S,19R)-2,13,18-tris(2-azanyl-2-oxidanylidene-ethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-azanyl-3-oxidanylidene-propyl)-3,5,8,8,3,15,18,19-octamethyl-2,7,12,17-tetrahydro-1H-corrin-24-id-3-yl)propanoylamino)propan-2-yl) phosphate;cyanideDTXSID7044346
Eigenschaften
Berechnete Struktureigenschaften
- Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)
- 476 Ų
- H-Brücken-Donoren
- 9
- H-Brücken-Akzeptoren
- 21
- Frei drehbare Bindungen
- 26
- Schwere Atome
- 93
- Formalladung
- 0
- Komplexität
- 3.150
Experimentelle und physikochemische Eigenschaften
Chemical ClassesBiological Agents -> Vitamins and Derivatives
CosmeticsSkin conditioning
Food AdditivesNUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT -> FDA Substance added to food
Dietary IngredientsVitamin B12
Human DrugsBreast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamins
Animal DrugsPharmaceuticals -> UK Veterinary Medicines Directorate List
Physical DescriptionDark red odorless solid; Hygroscopic; [Merck Index] Dark red powder; [Sigma-Aldrich MSDS]
Physikochemische Eigenschaften
- Schmelzpunkt
- 300 °C · >300°C
- Siedepunkt
- 300 °C · >300 °C
- Flammpunkt
- 9 ℃ · 9℃
- storage temp.
Sicherheit und Regulatorisches
Sicherheitsangaben dienen nur zur Orientierung und ersetzen weder das Sicherheitsdatenblatt (SDB) des Lieferanten noch geltende Vorschriften oder eine fachliche Bewertung.
Gefahrenhinweise
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Vitamin B12
Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 (amended)
Vitamin B12: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Hazards SummaryPatients treated with IV hydroxocobalamin have red urine and erythema; [Olson, p. 563] May cause irritation; [Sigma-Aldrich MSDS]
Sicherheit und Schutzausrüstung
Minimum Risk LevelChronic Inhalation: 0.0001 mg/m3 (L134)
Intermediate Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (L134)
Toxikologische Informationen
TreatmentTreatment of cobalt poisoning is symptomatic. (L29)
Health EffectsExposure to high amount of cobalt can cause heart, lung, kidney, and liver damage. Skin contact is known to result in contact dermatitis. Cobalt may also have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. (L29, L30)
Adverse Effects
Significant pain is the common adverse effect of intramuscular vitamin B12, especially in thin people. Injectable cobalamin may also cause bleeding if the patient is taking anticoagulants. Although allergic reactions rarely happen, they can cause life-threatening anaphylaxis. Injections are more allergenic than pills, and hydroxocobalamin seems to be more allergenic than cyanocobalamin, although reactions can occur with all cobalamin forms. Management options for allergic reactions include desensitization, antihistamines, and steroids.
Exposure RoutesInhalation (L29) ; oral (L29) ; dermal (L29)
Readily absorbed in the lower half of the ileum.
Chemie und Industrie
Pharmakologische Informationen
Metabolism/Metabolites
Cobalt is absorbed though the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Since it is a component of the vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), it is distributed to most tissues of the body. It is transported in the blood, often bound to albumin, with the highest levels being found in the liver and kidney. Cobalt is excreted mainly in the urine and faeces. (L29) Half Life: Approximately 6 days (400 days in the liver).
MeSH Pharmacological ClassificationA group of water-soluble vitamins, some of which are COENZYMES.
Verwendung und Herstellung
Uses
Produced by bacteria, cobalamins (hydroxocobalamin and cyanocobalamin) are analogs of vitamin B12 that differ only in the beta-ligand of the cobalt; Found in fish, meat, liver, and dairy products, but not in plants; Also occur naturally in soil, water, activated sewage sludge, and manure; Used as a vitamin (hematopoietic); [Merck Index] Used as a nutritional supplement and stabilizer or thickener for foods; [FDA] Permitted for use as an inert ingredient in non-food pesticide products; [EPA] Used to perform Schilling's test (pernicious anemia or other malabsorption disorders), as a medicine, nutrient, and animal feed supplement; [HSDB] Hydroxocabalamin is used to treat cyanide poisoning. [Olson, p. 563]
Farming (Feed Additives) [Category: Industry]
Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B12. (L497) It is used for treatment of pernicious anemia (due to lack of or inhibition of intrinsic factor) and for prevention and treatment of vitamin B 12 deficiency.
Use ClassificationCosmetics -> Skin conditioning
General Manufacturing InformationVitamin B12: ACTIVE
Anwendungen
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