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Nitrosylchlorid
Nitrosylchlorid · Nitroso chloride · Nitrosyl chloride · Nitrogen oxychloride · Nitrosyl chloride ((NO)Cl) · Nitrosyl chloride ISO 9001：2015 REACH
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 2696-92-6 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | ClNO |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 65,46 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 64,9668413 g/mol |
| SMILES | O=NCl |
| InChIKey | VPCDQGACGWYTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 17601 |
| EC No. | 220-273-1 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID5051945 |
| Lokaler Name | Nitrosylchlorid |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 0,7 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 29,4 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 2 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 3 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 12,3 |
| Stoffklassen | Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Acid HalidesCorrosives |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Gibbs energy |
| Geruch | CHOKING ODOR |
| Lebensmittelzusatzstoffe | Use unspecified -> FDA Substance added to food |
| Dichte | 1.36 at 21.74 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink2.99 G/L (GAS)1.417 @ -12 °C (LIQ)g/cm³Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20 °C (air = 1): 5.22.68 g/L |
| Color/Form | YELLOW GAS OR YELLOW-RED LIQUID OR CRYSTALS |
| Löslichkeit | SOL IN FUMING SULFURIC ACIDSolubility in water: reactionreacts with H2Odecomposes in H2Osoluble fuming H2SO4 [HAW93] |
| Corrosivity | VERY CORROSIVEALUMINUM IS ATTACKED BY NITROSYL CHLORIDE WHEN COLD. |
| Siedepunkt | 21.6 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)-5.5 °C-5 - -6 °C-5.5 °C @760 [mm Hg] |
| Decomposition | WHEN HEATED TO DECOMP ... EVOLVE VERY TOXIC FUMES OF /HYDROGEN CHLORIDE AND NITROGEN OXIDES/ |
| Schmelzpunkt | -74 °F (USCG, 1999)-64.5 °C-61.5 °C-64 °C-59.6 °C-59.6°C |
| Dampfdichte | 2.3 (Air=1)Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.3 |
| Aggregatzustand | yellow-red-brown gas |
| Farbe | Orange-yellow gas condensing to a deep red liquid |
| Geruch | irritating odor |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(gas): 0.68 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Henry-Konstante | 4.9×10-4 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Burkholder et al. (2019) |
| Dielektrizitätskonstante | 18.0(-12℃) |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | 0.351 (est) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Nitrosyl chloride (2696-92-6) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH270 (100%): May cause or intensify fireoxidizer [Danger Oxidizing gases]P220, P244, P260, P264, P271, P280, P284, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P320, P321, P363, P370+P376, P403, P403+P233, P405, P410+P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 111 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| Hazards Identification | Toxic/poison by inhalation (TIH/PIH) |
| Regulatorische Informationen | Nitrosyl chloride: HSNO Approval: HSR001064 Approved with controlsThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Poison Gas Corrosive |
| Brandgefahren | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Very toxic gases are generated when heated (USCG, 1999)· Some may burn but none ignite readily.Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| Brandpotenzial | PRE-ADDITION OF NITROGEN OXIDE (OR NITROSYL CHLORIDE AS ITS PRECURSOR) TO STOICHIOMETRIC HYDROGEN-OXYGEN MIXT @ 240 MBAR/360 °C WILL CAUSE IMMEDIATE IGNITION UNDER VARIETY OF CIRCUMSTANCES. |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Gas is highly toxic. Inhalation causes severe irritation of respiratory tract and damage to mucous membranes. Delayed effects, which include severe pulmonary edema, may not be apparent for several hours. (USCG, 1999)· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVEmay be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. |
| Gefahrenübersicht | Inhalation of high concentrations can cause pulmonary edema[HSDB] Reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid[CAMEO] Corrosive to skin and eyes[NJ-HSFS] |
| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 1069 125 |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Acyl Halides, Sulfonyl Halides, and Chloroformates |
| UN-Einstufung | UN Hazard Class: 2.3UN Subsidiary Risks: 8 |
| Reactivity Alerts | Strong Oxidizing Agent |
| Reactivity Profile | NITROSYL CHLORIDE is an oxidizing agent. Dissociates into nitric oxide and chlorine on heating. Gives an explosive reaction when sealed in a tube with a residue of acetone and in the presence of platinum catalyst [Chem. Eng. News 35(43):60. 1967]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291]. |
| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 125 [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]:In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water. |
| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention. |
| Freisetungsmaßnahmen | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· Do not touch or walk through spilled material. |
| Erste Hilfe | INHALATION: remove victim to fresh aircall a doctorenforce complete rest until doctor arrivesobserve at least 24 hours for delayed effects.General First Aid: |
| Sichere Lagerung | Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Keep in a well-ventilated room. |
| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016]. |
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. |
| Reinigungsverfahren | NEUTRALIZING AGENT FOR ACIDS & CAUSTICS /SMALL SPILLS/: FLUSH WITH WATER. RESIDUAL ACID MAY BE NEUTRALIZED WITH SODA ASH. |
| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 125 [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]: |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. |
| Verschüttetes entsorgen | Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: gas-tight chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. NEVER direct water jet on liquid. Remove gas with fine water spray. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents. |
| Preventive Measures | SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. Do not use water on material itself.Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. |
| Umweltverhalten | Atmospheric fate: Nitrosyl chloride formation may be significant in coastal urban areas because it photolyze rapidly to Cl atoms, and hydrolyzes to HONO, a major OH sourceboth Cl and OH initiate atmospheric photochemical oxidations. |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Sore throat. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath.Redness. Pain. Skin burns.Redness. Pain. Burns. |
| ICSC Environmental Data | The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms. |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | Nitrosyl chloride is a very corrosive reddish yellow gas, which is said to be intensely irritating to the eyes and skin, and to be severely injurious to the lungs.INTENSELY IRRITATING TO EYES, SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES. INHALATION MAY CAUSE PULMONARY EDEMA, HEMORRHAGE. |
| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | NITROSYL CHLORIDE IS A DANGEROUS RESPIRATORY IRRITANT. ONE EXPOSURE OF 20 MIN TO INHALATION OF 100 PPM PROVED FATAL TO CATS, APPARENTLY FROM LUNG HEMORRHAGE. |
| Probable Routes of Human Exposure | NITROSYL CHLORIDE MAY BE ENCOUNTERED WHEREVER AQUA REGIA IS MADE OR USED. |
| DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI) | Nitrosyl chloride1.1715Weapons of Mass Effect chemical material that, if stolen or diverted, can be converted into weapons using simple chemistry, equipment, or techniques. |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 1069 |
| Gefahrensymbole | C,T |
| hazard_note | Toxic/Corrosive |
| Gefahrenklasse | 2.3 |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 2696-92-6(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
Synthetic detergents, catalyst, intermediate.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
Nitrosyl chloride can be prepared by the reaction of nitric oxide with chlorine: 2NO + Cl2 → 2ClNOAlso, nitrosyl chloride is produced by the action of chlorine on sodium nitrate; or by the reaction of nitrosyl sulfuric acid with hydrochloric acid: NaNO3 + Cl2 → ClNO + NaClO2 ONHSO4 + HCl → ClNO + H2 SO4Nitrosyl chloride also is obtained as a byproduct in the manufacture of potassium nitrate from potassium chloride and nitric acid:In the above preparative method, nitrosyl chloride must be separated from nitric acid; otherwise, in the presence of pure and excess nitric acid, it can decompose to nitrogen dioxide and chlorine:2ClNO + HNO3 → 6NO2 + Cl2 +2H2OAlso, nitrosyl chloride can be synthesized from its elements by heating nitrogen, oxygen and chlorine gas at 400°C: N2 + O2 + Cl2 → 2ClNOFaraday obtained nitrosyl chloride by dissolving palladium in a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acids (Faraday, M. Trans. Roy. Soc. (London), Vol. 136, pp. 48, 1846): Pd + HNO3 + 3HCl → PdCl2 + ClNO + 2H2O.