Styrene

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible); polymerization hazard]:

Use dry powder. Use foam. Use carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Rest.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

General First Aid:

(General first aid procedures)

Electrical ignition hazard: May be ignited by static discharge.

Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Liquid floats on water and may travel to a source of ignition and spread fire. Hazardous polymerization may occur under fire conditions. Closed containers may rupture violently when heated. /Styrene monomer, inhibited/

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Mandelic acid plus phenylglyoxylic acid in urine = 150 mg/g creatinine at end of shift; Styrene in urine = 20 ug/L at end of shift; [TLVs and BEIs]

980.0 [ppm]

20.0 [ppm] (styrene monomer)[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. /Styrene monomer, inhibited/

For more Fire Fighting Procedures (Complete) data for Styrene (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Fireproof. Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Keep in the dark. Store only if stabilized. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Recommended storage temperature 2 - 8 °C. Storage class (TRGS 510): Flammable liquids.

Must be inhibited during storage.

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. Separate from oxidizing materials, peroxides, and metal salts. /Styrene monomer, inhibited/

For more Storage Conditions (Complete) data for Styrene (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Remove all ignition sources. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in covered containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

Absorb in noncombustible material for proper disposal. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors and protect personnel. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal. /Styrene monomer, inhibited/

If styrene is spilled or leaked ... /in/ small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber. Combustion may be improved by mixing with a more flammable liq.

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for Styrene (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

1. By absorbing it in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material and disposing in a secured sanitary landfill. 2. By atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber. Combustion may be improved by mixing with a more flammable liq.

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for Styrene (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Styrene was one of 110 chemicals monitored in blood and urine samples of 321 firefighters that responded to the Sept 11, 2001 World Trade Center collapse and 47 firefighters that were used as a control group(1). Styrene was determined to not be statistically different for these groups(1). Styrene was detected at a mean concentration of 0.06 ng/L in the blood of 43 children (3-6 year olds) living in the Phillips neighborhood of Minneapolis, MN; samples were collected Jan 2000 to Apr 2002(2). As part of the School Health Initiative: Environment, Learning, Disease study, 134 children (6-10 years old) from the Minneapolis, MN area donated blood samples for styrene analysis; 89.6% of 103 samples, 92.3% of 108 samples, 56.8% of 54 samples and 98.9% of 88 samples collected Feb 2000, May 2000, Feb 2001 and May 2001, respectively, contained measurable amounts of styrene(3).

Personal air concentrations of styrene for 46 students from Philip Randolph Academy in Harlem, New York City were 1.01 and 1.68 ug/cu m in the winter and summer, respectively. Outdoor atmospheric concentrations of styrene fwere 0.43 and 0.32 ug/cu m in the winter and summer, respectively. Indoor atmospheric concentrations were 1.25 and 0.80 ug/cu m in the winter and summer, respectively(1).

A study done in 2000 on the exposure of school children in the inner city of Minneapolis, MN to volatile organic compounds found the following atmospheric values for styrene(1):[Table#613]

Six of 250 patients with suspected volatile organics exposure-related symptoms showed significantly elevated levels of styrene in blood(1). Concentration of styrene ranged from none detected to 1.9 ppb with a mean value of 0.6 ppb(1). A National Human Adipose Tissue Survey (NHATS) by EPA during the fiscal year 1982 detected styrene in wet adipose tissue with a frequency of 100% at a concentration range 8-350 ppb(2). Styrene, determined in the blood of 108 normal subjects from Italy was identified in 102 blood samples, with a mean concentration of 217 ng/L(3). Blood concentrations of styrene in a reference group of a nonoccupationally exposed US population averaged 0.074 ppb (number of samples = 657)(4). Urinary styrene was determined in 48 subjects, all blood donors living in urban areas, with a mean of 262 ng/L(3). Styrene has been identified in exhaled breath at mean concentrations of 0.7-1.6 ug/cu m(5).

For more Body Burden (Complete) data for Styrene (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Risk assessment for exposure to mixtures of drugs and pollutants relies heavily on in vitro characterization of their bioactivation and/or metabolism individually and extrapolation to mixtures assuming no interaction. Herein, we demonstrated that in vitro CYP2E1 metabolic activation of acetaminophen and styrene mixtures could not be explained through the Michaelis-Menten mechanism or any models relying on that premise. As a baseline for mixture studies with styrene, steady-state analysis of acetaminophen oxidation revealed a biphasic kinetic profile that was best described by negative cooperativity (Hill coefficient=0.72). The best-fit mechanism for this relationship involved two binding sites with differing affinities (Ks=830 uM and Kss=32 mM). Introduction of styrene inhibited that reaction less than predicted by simple competition and thus provided evidence for a cooperative mechanism within the mixture. Likewise, acetaminophen acted through a mixed-type inhibition mechanism to impact styrene epoxidation. In this case, acetaminophen competed with styrene for CYP2E1 (Ki=830 uM and Ksi=180 uM for catalytic and effector sites, respectively) and resulted in cooperative impacts on binding and catalysis. Based on modeling of in vivo clearance, cooperative interactions between acetaminophen and styrene resulted in profoundly increased styrene activation at low styrene exposure levels and therapeutic acetaminophen levels. Current Michaelis-Menten based toxicological models for mixtures such as styrene and acetaminophen would fail to detect this concentration-dependent relationship. Hence, future studies must assess the role of alternate CYP2E1 mechanisms in bioactivation of compounds to improve the accuracy of interpretations and predictions of toxicity.

The toxicity of butadiene and styrene is exerted by their metabolites. Such metabolites have been extensively scrutinized at the in vitro level demonstrating evident genotoxic properties. In monitoring, a diverse range of outcomes has been produced. Additionally, epidemiological studies in rubber workers face difficulties of data interpretation due to the changeability and multiple exposures of the workers as well as to confounding factors inherent to the cohorts. Nevertheless, toxicity has been associated with a significant trend of increasing the risk of leukemia in employees at the styrene-butadiene rubber industry. Thus, further effort must be made to distinguish the exposures to each chemical over time and to characterize their interrelationships. The present investigation focuses on the effects and mechanisms of damage of the mixture styrene-butadiene by examining its metabolites: styrene oxide (SO), butadiene monoepoxide (BME) and butadiene diepoxide (BDE) respectively. The in vitro Comet assay on frozen lymphocytes has been employed to ascertain the DNA damage patterns for the styrene-butadiene metabolites combined and on their own. Different patterns were observed for the mixture and each of its components. This study has also led to determining the mechanism of damage of the mixture and the compounds. With regard to the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS), co-treatment with catalase does not modulate the genotoxicity of the mixture but it does modulate its components. The outcomes also indicate that the mixture induces cross-links and this is due to the influence of BDE in the mixture, being more evident as the concentration of BDE increases. An investigation on the sensitivity of lymphocytes from occupationally un/exposed subjects to in vitro exposure of the mixture and its components revealed that occupationally exposed subjects had a substantially higher background of DNA damage and a lower sensitivity to the metabolites of styrene, 1,3-butadiene and its mixture.

Cancer, Neurological (Nervous System)

Hematologic

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, reproductive system

LC50: Species: Artemia salina (Brine shrimp) nauplii; Conditions: saltwater, static, 24 °C; Concentration: 68000 ug/L for 24 hr /formulation/

LC50: Species: Artemia salina (Brine shrimp) nauplii; Conditions: saltwater, static, 24 °C; Concentration: 52000 ug/L for 48 hr /formulation/

LC50; Species: Carassius auratus (goldfish) length 3.8-6.4 cm, weight 1-2 g; Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.5, hardness 20 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 18 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 7.8 mg/L; Concentration: 64740 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 57170-75480 ug/L) /formulation/

LC50; Species: Poecilia reticulata (Guppy) age 6 month, length 1.9-2.5 cm, weight 0.1-0.2 g; Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.5, hardness 20 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 18 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen 7.8 mg/L; Concentration: 74830 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 58750-95320 ug/L) /formulation/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for Styrene (28 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an experimental Koc value of 912(2), indicates that styrene is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of styrene from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 2.75X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(3). Styrene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 6.4 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). In an experimental study using loamy soil, 26% of applied styrene (2 mg/kg) volatilized after 31 days(5); volatilization of styrene from soil surfaces is expected to be slower than in water(6). A 100% of theoretical BOD after 2 weeks using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(7) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an experimental Koc value of 912(2), indicates that styrene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.75X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), measured BCF ranges from 12-140 in carp(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high to low(SRC). A 100% of theoretical BOD after 2 weeks using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(7) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), styrene, which has a vapor pressure of 6.4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase styrene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.6 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Vapor-phase styrene is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone and nitrate radicals; the half-lives for these reactions in air are 24 and 3.7 hours, respectively(4). Styrene does not strongly absorb light at wavelengths above 270 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight since sunlight consists of wavelengths above 290 nm(SRC).

Styrene was detected, not quantified, in roasted filbert nuts and in 4 of 7 whiskey samples(1). Styrene was tentatively identified in a commercial hickory-wood smoke flavor and in food and water stored in a refrigerator with a plastic interior(2). Styrene was also found in yogurt packaged in polystyrene containers at concentration of 2.5-34.6 ug/kg with styrene content in yogurt increasing with time(2). The concentration of 59.2 ug/kg found in butter-fat cream after 24 days, 9.3 ug/kg in cottage cheese after 27 days and 22.7 ug/kg in honey after 120 days(2). Analytical surveys of food and food packaging have shown that styrene migrates into food from both rigid and expanded polystyrene foam containers(3). The highest migration figure (235.5 ppb) was found in samples of sour cream contained in rigid polystyrene containers(4).

Styrene has been detected as a natural constituent of a wide range of foods and beverages, the highest measured levels occurring in cinnamon(1); enzymatic degradation of cinnamic acid derivatives was proposed as the possible source of styrene(1). Styrene has been detected in plums (2 ug/kg)(2), nectarines(3), grapes(4), and scrambled eggs (103 ng/g)(5). Styrene levels of 3.9-240 ppb (avg, 20.6 ppb) were reported in a survey of 234 table-ready food items from the FDA's Total Diet Study with the highest concentration in fruit yogurt(6). The concentration of styrene in sandwich cookies, margarine, butter, and cake doughnuts was 216, 9.28, 22.4, and 23.0 ppb, respectively(6). The concentration of styrene in commercial fermented soybean curds was 34 ug/kg(7). Styrene has been detected in cinnamon, coffee beans, and peanuts(8).

Styrene was detected in the following foods during the US FDA total diet program that was run 1996 to 2000 with samplings done four times a year. Styrene was not detected in banana, fruit flavored sherbert and carbonated cola beverage(1).[Table#619]

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Oral (L1832) ; Inhalation (L1832) ; Dermal (L1832)

Styrene was detected at 17.2 ug/kg in homogenized milk after 19 days storage in polystyrene packaging(1). Thirty-five milk samples from 8 grocery stores representing 8 processing plants from Arizona, California, Nevada and Utah were collected Jan-Feb 2002; styrene was detected at 0.04-1.59, 0.04-0.79 and 0.02-0.73 ng/mL in whole, 2% and 1% milk, respectively(2). Styrene was detected, but not quantified, in 8 of 8 human breast milk samples from US women in 4 cities(3).

Styrene is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.

Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions. (a) They are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice. (b) They consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part. Styrene is included on this list.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Styrene is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Styrene is included on this list.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1000 lb or 454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Styrene is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.

(AZ) ARIZONA 140 ug/L

(ME) MAINE 140 ug/L

Maximum contaminant levels (MCL) for organic contaminants apply to community and non-transient, non-community water systems: styrene, MCL 0.1 mg/L.

Styrene is listed in the 2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories Tables.

EPA 100 ug/L

Maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) for organic contaminants: styrene, MCLG 0.1 mg/L.

EPA 100 ug/L

Styrene is used predominately in the production of polystyrene plastics and resins. Styrene is also used as an intermediate in the synthesis of materials used for ion exchange resins and to produce copolymers.

Styrene is used extensively in the manufacture of plastics, rubber, and resins. About 90,000 workers, including those who make boats, tubs and showers, are potentially exposed to styrene. [http://www.osha-slc.gov/SLTC/styrene/] Used to make polystyrene for packaging, insulation for buildings and refrigeration equipment, and disposable cups and containers; Also used in styrene-butadiene rubber, other polymers, and resins to make boats, shower stalls, tires, automotive parts, etc.; [ACGIH]

Plastic Composites Manufacturing [Category: Industry]

Sculpturing plastics [Category: Hobbies]

Manufacture of plastics; synthetic rubber; resins; insulator.

Polystyrene; SBR /styrene-butadiene-rubber/, ABS /acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene/ and SAN /styrene-acrylonitrile/ resins; protective coatings (styrene-butadiene latex; alkyds); styrenated polyesters; rubber-modified polystyrene; copolymer resins; intermediate.

(1978) 3.57X10+11 G

(1983) 4.88X10+11 G

(1986) 5.93X10+11 g

(1987) 1.13X10+9 lb (Styrene monomer)

(1999) 2.552 billion lbs; (2000) 2.730 billion lbs

(1978) 1.40X10+10 G

(1983) 3.35X10+10 G

(1986) 1.45X10+11 g

(1986) 3.18X10+8 lb

(1999) 1.038 million lbs; (2000) 1.265 million lbs

2023: 8,500,000,000 - <10,000,000,000 lb

(1977) 3.12X10+12 G

(1982) 2.70X10+12 G

(1983) > 5942 million pounds.

(1986) 3.56X10+12 g

For more U.S. Production (Complete) data for Styrene (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

MONOMER OR COMONOMER FOR POLYSTYRENES, 67%; FOR ACRYLONITRILE-BUTADIENE/STYRENE RESINS, 9%; FOR STYRENE-BUTADIENE ELASTOMERS, 7%; FOR STYRENE-BUTADIENE COPOLYMER LATEXES, 6%; FOR STYRENE-ACRYLONITRILE RESINS, 1%; CROSS-LINKING AGENT IN POLYESTER MANUFACTURING, 5%; OTHER USES, 5% (1982)

Polystyrene, 55%; acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), 9%; styrene-butadiene rubber, 7%; styrene-butadiene latex, 6%; unsaturated polyester resins, 6%; miscellaneous uses including other copolymers and styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), 4%; export, 13% (1985)

Polystyrene, 58%; ABS and SAN resins, 12%; SB elastomer, 8%; SB Latex, 7%; unsaturated polyester, 7%; miscellaneous, 8% (1984) /estimate/

CHEMICAL PROFILE: Styrene. Polystyrene, 55%; acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene (ABS), 9%; styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), 7%; styrene- butadiene latex, 6%; unsaturated polyester resins, 6%; miscellaneous uses, including other copolymers and styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), 4%; exports, 13%.

For more Consumption Patterns (Complete) data for Styrene (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene accounts for 85% of commercial production. The reaction is carried out in the vapor phase with steam over a catalyst consisting primarily of iron oxide. The reaction is endothermic, and can be accomplished either adiabatically or isothermally.

Styrene is produced mainly by catalytic dehydrogenation of high-purity ethylbenzene in the vapor phase. Typical catalysts are based on ferric oxide with the additives chromia (Cr2O3) (stabilizer) and potassium oxide (coke retardant). Fractionation of the product results in separation of high-purity styrene, unconverted ethylbenzene and minor reaction by-products such as toluene and benzene.

A smaller amount of styrene is produced as a co-product from a propylene oxide process. In this route, ethylbenzene is oxidized to its hydroperoxide and reacted with propylene to yield propylene oxide. The co-product methyl phenyl carbinol is then dehydrated to styrene.

From ethylene and benzene in the presence of aluminum chloride to yield ethylbenzene, which is catalytically dehydrogenated at 630 °C to form styrene.

Styrene is available as a commercial product with the following specifications: purity, 99.6-99.9% min.; ethylbenzene, 85 ppm max.; polymer content, 10 ppm max.; para-tert- butylcatechol (polymerization inhibitor), 10-15 ppm or 45-55 ppm; aldehydes (as benzaldehyde), 200 ppm max.; peroxides (as hydrogen peroxide), 0.0015 wt% or 100 ppm max.; benzene, 1 ppm max.; sulfur, 1 ppm typical; chlorides (as chlorine), 1 ppm typical.

Clear, colorless grades.

Cosmetics product ingredient: Styrene

Information on 21 consumer products that contain Styrene in the following categories is provided:

Chemical Classes -> Volatile organic compounds

Fragrance Ingredients

Food Contaminant -> CONTAMINANT -> JECFA Functional Classes