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Chloride

HCID 178942909
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TeilstruktursucheÄhnliche Strukturen suchen

Grundinformationen

CAS
54071-91-9
Standard-SMILES
[Cl-]
InChIKey
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Summenformel
Cl-
Durchschnittliche Molmasse
35,45 g/mol

Überblick

Chloride is a halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. It has a role as a cofactor, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a halide anion and a monoatomic chlorine. It is a conjugate base of a hydrogen chloride.

Namen und Bezeichner

Bevorzugter Name
Chloride
IUPAC
chloride
Englischer Name
chloride
Summenformel
Cl-
Molmasse
35

Namen und Synonyme

chloridechloride ion16887-00-6Chloride(1-)Chloride (ion)ChloridesChloride ionsChlorine anionQ32ZN48698DTXSID6043969CHEBI:17996Ion Level, Chloride
Weitere Namen anzeigen
3-carbamoyl-1-ethoxymethyl-pyridinium3-Carbamoyl-1-ethoxymethylpyridinium chloride
Level, Chloride IonChlorine-RefChem:58383DTXCID4023969690-375-2Chloride anionPerchlorideChlorine, ion

Datenbank-Bezeichner

CAS
54071-91-9
ChEBI
CHEBI:17996
UNII
Q32ZN48698
EC Number
690-375-2
Nikkaji
J202.845J

Eigenschaften

Berechnete Struktureigenschaften

XLogP
0,8
Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)
0 Ų
H-Brücken-Donoren
0
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren
1
Frei drehbare Bindungen
0
Schwere Atome
1
Formalladung
-1
Komplexität
0

Experimentelle und physikochemische Eigenschaften

Chemical ClassesMajor ion
Solubility6.3 mg/mL at 25 °C
Melting Point-101 °C
Physical DescriptionLiquid

Sicherheit und Regulatorisches

Sicherheitsangaben dienen nur zur Orientierung und ersetzen weder das Sicherheitsdatenblatt (SDB) des Lieferanten noch geltende Vorschriften oder eine fachliche Bewertung.

GHS-Klassifizierung

GHS Classification · 6 Einträge

Warning

H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]

P261, P272, P280, P302+P352, P321, P333+P317, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 100% (3 of 3) of all reports.

Not Classified

Aggregated GHS information provided per 3 reports by companies from 1 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Gefahrenhinweise

Regulatory Information · 5 Einträge

Hazard Traits - Environmental tox

Directive (EC) No 46/2002

Cadmium manganese mercury telluride (Cd0.2Mn0.04Hg0.76Te): Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

.beta.-D-Galactopyranoside, 4-hydroxybutyl: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Chloride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.

Hazard Classes and Categories · 3 Einträge

Not Classified

Skin sensitisation - category 1

Skin Sens. 1

Sicherheit und Schutzausrüstung

Protective Action Criteria (PAC) · 3 Einträge

1.8 [ppm]

22 [ppm]

100 [ppm]

Toxikologische Informationen

Chemie und Industrie

Pharmakologische Informationen

Metabolism/Metabolites · 1 Eintrag

In humans, 88% of chloride is extracellular and contributes to the osmotic activity of body fluids. The electrolyte balance in the body is maintained by adjusting total dietary intake and by excretion via the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Chloride is almost completely absorbed in normal individuals, mostly from the proximal half of the small intestine. Normal fluid loss amounts to about 1.5–2 litres/day, together with about 4 g of chloride per day. Most (90– 95%) is excreted in the urine, with minor amounts in faeces (4–8%) and sweat (2%). A normal adult human body contains approximately 81.7 g chloride. On the basis of a total obligatory loss of chloride of approximately 530 mg/day, a dietary intake for adults of 9 mg of chloride per kg of body weight has been recommended.

Tissue LocationsAll Tissues
Cellular LocationsCytoplasm
Metabolite PathwaysAmiloride Action Pathway

Verwendung und Herstellung

UsesChloride is found in table salt as well as most foods. Chloride is an essential element or micronutrient and helps keep the body’s electrolyte balance.

Anbieter1 Anbieter

上海瀚鸿科技股份有限公司021-54306202 13764082696 · [email protected]

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Treatment · 1 Eintrag

As with most types of electrolyte imbalance, the treatment of high blood chloride levels is based on correcting the underlying cause. If the patient is dehydrated, therapy consists of establishing and maintaining adequate hydration. If the condition is caused or exacerbated by medications or treatments, these may be altered or discontinued, if deemed prudent. If there is underlying kidney disease (which is likely if there are other electrolyte disturbances), then the patient will be referred to a nephrologist for further care. If there is an underlying dysfunction of the endocrine or hormone system, the patient will likely be referred to an endocrinologist for further assessment.

Health Effects · 1 Eintrag

The oral ingestion of larger quantities of sodium chloride, eg 1000 g in 600 mL of water, is harmful and can induce irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting, hypernatremia, respiratory distress, convulsions, and death. Hyperchloremia can also occur due to loss of body fluids from prolonged vomiting, sweating or fever, kidney failure, kidney disorders or diabetes. Hyperchloremia is associated with deep and labored breathing, weakness, and intense thirst. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by alterations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTCR) gene that result in deranged sodium and chloride ion transport channels. This leads to the production of very salty sweat and the excessive production of mucous in the lungs. More than 100 genetic diseases or inborn errors of metabolism are associated with electrolyte (i.e. chloride) imbalances.

Exposure RoutesInhalation (L247) ; dermal (L247)
Toxicity Summary · 1 Eintrag

Chloride imbalances can lead to electrolyte and pH imbalances. Excessive chloride in the blood is known as hyperchloremia. Often hyperchloremia is associated with excessive intakes of dietary chloride, which only occur with the ingestion of large amounts of salt and potassium chloride (hypernatremia). Hyperchloremia can also occur due to loss of body fluids from prolonged vomiting, sweating or fever, kidney failure, kidney disorders or diabetes. The amount of chloride in the blood is carefully controlled by the kidneys. Chloride toxicity has not been observed in humans except in the special case of impaired sodium chloride metabolism, e.g. in congestive heart failure.

Signs and SymptomsHyperchloremia can be symptomatic with signs of deep and labored breathing (often associated with severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also renal failure), weakness, and intense thirst.
Carcinogen ClassificationNo indication of carcinogenicity (not listed by IARC). (L135)
USGS Health-Based Screening Levels for Evaluating Water-Quality · 4 Einträge

Chloride

00940

Major ion

Smith, C.D. and Nowell, L.H., 2024. Health-Based Screening Levels for evaluating water-quality data (3rd ed.). DOI:10.5066/F71C1TWP