Hydrogenchlorid

BeschreibungA water solution of hydrogen chloride of varied concentrations. It is a clear, colorless or slightly yellowish, corrosive liquid having a pungent odor. It is miscible with water and with alcohol. Concentrations of hydrochloric acid are expressed in percent by weight, or may be expressed in Baume degrees (Be0) from which percentages of hydrochloric acid and specific gravities may readily be derived. The usually available concentrations are 18°, 20°, 22°, and 23° Be. Concentrations above 13° Be (19.6%) fume in moist air, lose hydrogen chloride, and create a corrosive atmosphere. Because of these characteristics, suitable precautions must be observed during sampling and analysis to prevent losses. Note: Hydrochloric acid is produced by various methods that might impart trace amounts of organic compounds as impurities. The manufacturer, vendor, or user is responsible for identifying the specific organic compounds that are present and for meeting the requirements for organic compounds. Methods are provided for their determination. In applying the procedures any necessary standards should be used to quantitate the organic compounds present in each specific product.

HistoryHydrochloric acid is a strong, corrosive acid that results when the gas hydrogen chloride dissolves in water.Ancient alchemists prepared hydrochloric acid and Jabbar ibn Hayyan, known in Latin as Geber (721–815), is credited with its discovery around the year 800. The original method of preparation involved reacting salt with sulfuric acid, producing sodium hydrogen sulfate and hydrogen chloride gas. The hydrogen chloride gas is captured and dissolved in water to produce hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid was formerly called muriatic acid. Terms such as muriatic and muriate were used in association with chloride substances before the discovery and nature of chlorine were fully understood. The Latin term muriaticus means pickled from muri, which is the Latin term for brine. Chlorides were naturally associated with seawater salt solutions, as chloride is the principal ion in seawater.

VerwendenHydrochloric Acid is an acid that is the aqueous solution of hydro- gen chloride of varying concentrations. it is miscible with water and with alcohol. it is used as an acidulant and neutralizing agent.