HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemie-Druckbericht · Nur für Forschungszwecke
Amoxapin
Amoxepine · amoxan · Demolox · cl67772 · Asendis · Asendin · Moxadil · Defanyl
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 14028-44-5 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C17H16ClN3O |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 313,8 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 313,09818981 g/mol |
| SMILES | Clc1ccc2c(c1)C(N1CCNCC1)=Nc1ccccc1O2 |
| InChIKey | QWGDMFLQWFTERH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 2170 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1113 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:2675 |
| EC No. | 237-867-1 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID7022598 |
| Lokaler Name | Amoxapin |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 2,6 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 36,9 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 1 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 3 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 1 |
| Schwere Atome | 22 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 424 |
| Arzneimittel | Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15 |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | 3.43.71 |
| Löslichkeit | 1.71e-01 g/L34.4 [ug/mL] (The mean of the results at pH 7.4)methanol: soluble |
| Human Drugs | Antidepressants -> Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)Breast FeedingLactationMilk, HumanAntidepressive AgentsSerotonin Uptake InhibitorsFDA approved drugs -> Active ingredientPharmaceuticals |
| Schmelzpunkt | 175-176175.5 °C175-1760C |
| Physical Description | Solid |
| Dissociation Constants | 8.71 |
| Collision Cross Section | 172.3 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DTBuffer gas: N2Ionization: ESI+Dataset: Antidepressants]170.2 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TWMethod: Major Mix IMS/Tof Calibration Kit (Waters)]165.42 Ų [M+K]+ [CCS Type: TWMethod: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]171.2 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW |
| Siedepunkt | 469.9±55.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Dichte | 1.2613 (rough estimate) |
| Brechungsindex | 1.5800 (estimate) |
| Flammpunkt | 9℃ |
| Lagerbedingungen | Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | pKa 7.6 (Uncertain) |
| Aggregatzustand | Solid |
| Farbe | Crystals from benzene/pet ether |
| Merck | 14,576 |
| Stabilität | Stable under recommended storage conditions., Stable Under Recommended Storage C |
| Hauptanwendungen | pharmaceutical (small molecule) |
| InChI | 1S/C17H16ClN3O/c18-12-5-6-15-13(11-12)17(21-9-7-19-8-10-21)20-14-3-1-2-4-16(14)22-15/h1-6,11,19H,7-10H2 |
| InChIKey | QWGDMFLQWFTERH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | Clc1ccc2Oc3ccccc3N=C(N4CCNCC4)c2c1 |
| CAS Datenbank | 14028-44-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Amoxapine(14028-44-5) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | WarningH302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P264, P270, P301+P317, P330, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 45 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Hazard Traits - Developmental ToxicityDibenzb,f1,4oxazepine, 2-chloro-11-(1-piperazinyl)-: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 4 (100%) |
| Treatment | Treatment of amoxapine overdosage should be symptomatic and supportive, but with special attention to prevention or control of seizures. If the patient is conscious, induced emesis followed by gastric lavage with appropriate precautions to prevent pulmonary aspiration should be accomplished as soon as possible. Following lavage, activated charcoal may be administered to reduce absorption, and repeated administrations may facilitate drug elimination. An adequate airway should be established in comatose patients and assisted ventilation instituted if necessary. Seizures may respond to standard anticonvulsant therapy such as intravenous diazepam and/or phenytoin. The value of physostigmine appears less certain. Status epilepticus, should it develop, requires vigorous treatment. (L1712) |
| Hepatotoxicity | Liver test abnormalities occur in a small proportion of patients on long term therapy with amoxapine, but elevations are usually mild, asymptomatic and transient, reversing even with continuation of medication. Instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury without jaundice have been reported due to amoxapine, but have been quite rare. Published cases have been mild, anicteric and asymptomatic. The onset of injury was within 1 to 4 weeks of starting, and the pattern of serum enzyme elevations was hepatocellular. Immunoallergic features and autoantibody formation were not present. |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | The common adverse effects of amoxapine therapy include, but are not limited to, insomnia, palpitations, tachycardia, hypotension, and constipation. Furthermore, research has indicated that amoxapine may trigger hypomanic states in individuals with underlying bipolar disorder. Amoxapine has been observed to induce noradrenaline-mediated contraction of the urethra in guinea pigs and rats in various laboratory studies, leading to elevated urethral resistance. In addition, the drug has been associated with instances of painful ejaculations relieved by the administration of tamsulosin. Notably, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), including amoxapine, are correlated with an increased risk of seizures, especially in older patients and those with epilepsy. Therefore, it is recommended to use SSRIs or SNRIs in patients with a history of epilepsy and seizures. |
| Expositionspfade | Oral, rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma concentrations occur within 1-2 hours of oral administration of a single doser. |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | Signs and Symptoms of OverdoseAmoxapine acts by decreasing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin (5-HT). |
| Signs and Symptoms | Toxic manifestations of amoxapine overdosage differ significantly from those of other tricyclic antidepressants. Serious cardiovascular effects are seldom if ever observed. However, CNS effects, particularly grand mal convulsions, occur frequently, and treatment should be directed primarily toward prevention or control of seizures. Status epilepticus may develop and constitutes a neurologic emergency. Coma and acidosis are other serious complications of substantial amoxapine overdosage in some cases. Renal failure may develop two to five days after toxic overdose in patients who may appear otherwise recovered. Acute tubular necrosis with rhabdomuolysis and myolobinurla is the most common renal complication in such cases. This reaction probably occurs in less than 5% of overdose cases, and typically in those who have experienced multiple seizures. |
| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
| Drug Induced Liver Injury | Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank 2.0)AmoxapineAmbiguous-DILI-concern3Adverse reactionsDOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015 |
| Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation | ◉ Summary of Use during Lactation |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 3 |
| UN-Transportnummer | 3249 |
| Zollcode | 2934990002 |
| RTECS-Nr. | HQ4025500 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 22 |
| Toxizität | LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 122 i.p.112 orally (Howell, 1972) |
| Gefahrensymbole | Xn |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 36 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 6.1(b)Acute Tox. 4 Oral |
| Verpackungsgruppe | III |
| Lagerklasse | 11 - Combustible Solids |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Beschreibung
Amoxapine is a tetracyclic antidepressant with a wide range of pharmacological effects. It inhibits norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake, binding the respective transporters with Kd values of 16 and 58 nM. It has also been shown to act as either an antagonist or inverse agonist at serotonin 5-HT2A, 2B, 2C, 3, 6, 7 (Kis = 1 and 2 nM for 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C, respectively), dopamine D2, 3, 4 (Kd = 160 nM for D2), α1-adrenergic (Kd = 50 nM), and histamine H1 (Kd = 25 nM) receptors.
Verwenden
Amoxapine is intended more for relieving symptoms in patients with neurotic or situational depression. It has a number of serious side effects.