C.I. Direct Red 39

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with 5% acetic acid, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 5% acetic acid to pick up any remaining material. Your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with 5% acetic acid followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in 5 male and 5 female Wistar rats administered single doses of Chloramine Red 39 by oral gavage at a level of 5.0 g/kg body weight. Mortality was observed in 4 out of 5 male rats and 2 out of 5 female rats; the LD50 value was estimated to be less than 5.0 g/kg. The clinical observations included ataxia, coma, lethargy, ptosis and emaciation. Gross necropsy revealed yellow and/or red areas in intestines, purple liver and/or kidney, and red and/or orange inner abdominal walls.

Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in groups of 5 male and 5 female Wistar rats administered single doses of Chloramine Red 39 (diluted 50% w/v with distilled water) by oral gavage at dose levels of 3.51, 5.0 and 7.12 g/kg body weight. Mortality was observed in 1 male rat in the 3.51 g/kg dose group and in 6 rats in the 5.0 g/kg dose group; an LD50 was estimated to be higher than 7.12 g/kg. Clinical observations include ataxia, lethargy, emaciation, ptosis and diarrhea. The gross necropsy revealed dark liver and kidneys, and red and orange inner abdominal walls.

Acute dermal toxicity was evaluated in New Zealand White rabbits (2 male and 2 female) which received a single occluded application of undiluted Chloramine Red 39 at a dose level of 2.0 g/kg body weight. The test article was held in contact with the abraded skin for 24 hours. No mortality was observed in the rabbits over the 14 day period and the LD50 value was determined to be greater than 2.0 g/kg. Clinical observations included diarrhea, lethargy, yellow nasal discharge, very slight erythema and very slight edema. Gross necropsy findings included brown anogenital exudate, mottled liver and kidney, and dark areas on lungs.

Acute inhalation toxicity was evaluated in 10 Sprague-Dawley rats (5 male, 5 female) exposed to Chloramine Red 39 at an actual concentration of 0.13 mg/l for 4 hours. The test atmosphere was generated by a direct dust-feed system that was operated by a blower motor located on the outlet side of the chamber. Mortality was not observed during the 14 day period of observation and an LD50 value was not reported. Clinical observations included depressed weight gain in 1 male rat. Gross necropsy revealed purple/red foci, purplish nodules and white spots on the lungs which were not considered treatment-related.

For more TSCA Test Submissions (Complete) data for C.I. DIRECT RED 39 (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Direct red 39 (C.I. 23630) was evaluated for mutagenicity in the Salmonella/microsome preincubation assay using a standard protocol approved by the National Toxicology Program. Direct red 39 was tested at doses of 0, 100, 333, 1000, 3333, and 10,000 ug/plate in four Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537) in the presence and absence of Aroclor-induced rat or hamster liver S9. Direct red 39 was negative in these tests and the highest ineffective dose level tested (not forming a precipitate) in all four Salmonella tester strains with and without metabolic activation was 333 ug/plate.