Arsenic Acid

Metals -> Arsenic Compounds, Inorganic

Carcinogens

2.2 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

Approx 2.2

Relative density (water = 1): 1.9 (calculated)

~2.2 @25 °C

WHITE TRANSLUCENT CRYSTALS /HEMIHYDRATE/

75% COMMERCIAL GRADE IS A VERY PALE YELLOW, SYRUPY LIQ /COMMERCIAL GRADE/

Exist only in solution

White, crystalline solid

Freely sol in alcohol, glycerol /Hemihydrate/

302 G/100 CC OF WATER @ 12.5 °C /HEMIHYDRATE/

water solubility = 5.9X10+5 mg/l

Solubility in water at 20 °C: very good

Boiling point (-H2O): 160 °C /Hemihydrate/

120 °C (calculated)

160 °C @760 [mm Hg]

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of arsenic.

DANGEROUS WHEN HEATED TO DECOMP ... IT EMITS TOXIC FUMES OF ARSENIC /SRP: INCLUDING ARSINE/. /ARSENIC CMPD/

35 °C

-30 °C (calculated)

35 °C

Arsenic acid, liquid appears as a clear colorless aqueous solution. Noncombustible. Corrosive to metals. Toxic by ingestion. Confirmed human carcinogen. Detrimental to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit release.

Arsenic acid, solid appears as white crystals. Excessive drying produces As2O5.5/3H2O.

White solid; Commercial grade (75%) is a very pale yellow liquid; [HSDB] Hemihydrate is hygroscopic; [Merck Index] Pale yellow liquid with a light sweet odor; [MSDSonline]

Solid

COLOURLESS-TO-PALE-GREEN-VISCOUS LIQUID.

The pH of aqueous solutions appears to be a major factor in the relative stability. ... Pentavalent inorganic arsenic ... is relatively stable at neutral or alkaline pH but undergoes reduction with decreasing pH. /Pentavalent inorganic arsenic/

Danger

H301+H331 (79.3%): Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]

P203, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P362+P364, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 29 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Danger

H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

Chemical: Arsenic acid (H3AsO4)

Hazard Traits - Carcinogenicity; Cardiovascular Toxicity; Dermatotoxicity; Developmental Toxicity; Hepatotoxicity and Digestive System Toxicity; Neurotoxicity; Respiratory Toxicity

Status: Active Update: 27-01-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14118

Restricted substance: Arsenic acid

Substance: Arsenic acid

Arsenic acid: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Poison

Poison

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.

· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

Ingestion causes irritation of stomach, weakness, other gastrointestinal symptoms. Overdose can cause arsenic poisoning, but symptoms are delayed. (USCG, 1999)

· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.

· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.

Chemical formula is H3AsO4.1/2H2O; [Hawley] Exists only as hemihydrate; [Merck Index] Toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption; [CAMEO] Arsenic acid (80% in water) can cause arsenic poisoning; [ICSC] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; [MSDSonline] See Arsenic and the linked occupational diseases.

1553 154

1554 154

Oxidizing Agents, Weak

Oxidizing Agents, Weak

USEPA/Office of Pesticide Programs; Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document - Chromated Arsenicals EPA 739-R-08-006 (September 2008). The RED summarizes the risk assessment conclusions and outlines any risk reduction measures necessary for the pesticide to continue to be registered in the U.S.[http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm]

NIOSH; Criteria Document: Inorganic Arsenic (1975) DHEW Pub. NIOSH 75-149

Los Alamos National Laboratory; A Comparison of Trace Level Concentrations for Silver, Arsenic, Barium, Cadmium, and Lead in Drinking Waters Obtained by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry and Electrothermal-Vaporization Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (1987) LA-11095 MS

DHHS/ATSDR; Toxicological Profile for Arsenic (7440-38-2) (PB/2008/100002) (August 2007). The ATSDR toxicological profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. Other pertinent literature is presented in less detail.

For more Special Reports (Complete) data for ARSENIC ACID (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

P010; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when arsenic acid, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

Get medical attention after all exposures to this compound. Be alert for arsenic poisoning symptoms.

General First Aid:

General First Aid:

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Inorganic arsenic plus methylated metabolites in urine = 35 ug As/L; end of workweek;

Personnel protection: ... Wear positive pressure self contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving arsenic acid. /Arsenic acid solution; arsenic acid, solid/

IF material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Arsenic acid, solid/

If material is on fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for surrounding fire, since arsenic acid itself does not burn or burns with difficulty. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenic acid solution/

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenical cmpd, liquid, NOS/

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenical cmpd, solid, NOS/

Prompt cleanup and removal are necessary. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal.

Floors and other accessible surfaces contaminated with inorganic arsenic may not be cleaned by the use of compressed air, and shoveling and brushing may be used only where vacuuming or other relevant methods have been tried and found not to be effective. /Inorganic arsenic compounds/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Flush with water, rinse with sodium bicarbonate or lime solution. (USCG, 1999)

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Heavy metals will react with arsenic acid to yield insoluble precipitates. Metals which precipitate arsenic acid include magnesium, lead, calcium, and iron (III). Arsenate precipitation with ferric hydroxide has been suggested to reduce its phytotoxicity. Its precipitation will also reduce its potential for leaching. Arsenate could be suitably precipitated with a slight excess of lime, ferric hydroxide, or magnesium. The best procedure is to stir ferric chloride, or a hydroxide of ferric, calcium, or magnesium into the waste arsenic acid and allow the mixture to stand 24 hr. Then, the supernatant water should be siphoned or decanted. An alternate procedure would be to precipitate arsenic with sulfide. Since the method requires more sophisticated handling, the precipitation with heavy metals is preferred. The sulfide precipitation requires decreasing the soln acidity to < pH 1 with 6 N-HCL /6 N-hydrochloric acid/, then saturating the soln with sodium sulfide or hydrogen sulfide. The precipitate and supernatant should be handled just as described for the ferric or other metal arsenate precipitates. Empty containers should be triple rinsed. "Triple rinse" means the flushing of containers three times, each time using a volume of the normal diluent equal to approx ten percent of the container's capacity, and adding the rinse liquid to the spray mixture or disposing of it by a method prescribed for disposing of the pesticide. Although the precipitation of arsenic acid could reduce its mobility in the environment and its toxicity, insufficient environmental testing is available to verify this conclusion. The precipitates should be considered hazardous. Recommendable methods: Precipitation, solidification, landfill. Not recommendable methods: Thermal destruction, discharge to sewer.

Arsenic acid is a poor candidate for incineration.

Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Pilot Scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater + Pure Compound; Results of Study: 5ppm @ 4gpm @ pH= 7.0. Iron system-90% reduction; low lime system-80% reduction; high lime system-76% reduction; (3 coagulant systems were used; Iron system used 45 ppm as Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 @ pH= 6.0. Low lime system used 20 ppm Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 and 260 ppm of CaO @ pH= 10.0. High lime system used 600 ppm of CaO @ pH= 11.5. Chemical coagulation was followed by multimedia filtration). /Arsenic cmpd/

Chemical Treatability of Arsenic; Concentration Process: Chemical Precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metal; Scale of Study: Full Scale Continuous Flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic Wastewater; Results of Study: Effluent character (ppb): 2.5, 56% reduction with lime; 3.3, 24% reduction with lime; (lime dose of 350-400 ppm as calcium oxide @ pH= 11.3). /Arsenic cmpd/

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable plastic containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Arsenic poisoning can be treated by chelation therapy, using chelating agents such as dimercaprol, EDTA or DMSA. Charcoal tablets may also be used for less severe cases. In addition, maintaining a diet high in sulfur helps eliminate arsenic from the body. (L20)

Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.

Oral (L2) ; inhalation (L2) ; dermal (L2)

Arsenic and its metabolites disrupt ATP production through several mechanisms. At the level of the citric acid cycle, arsenic inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase. By competing with phosphate it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, thus inhibiting energy-linked reduction of NAD+, mitochondrial respiration, and ATP synthesis. Hydrogen peroxide production is also increased, which might form reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Arsenic's carginogenicity is influenced by the arsenical binding of tubulin, which results in aneuploidy, polyploidy and mitotic arrests. The binding of other arsenic protein targets may also cause altered DNA repair enzyme activity, altered DNA methylation patterns and cell proliferation. (T1, A17)

Cough. Burning sensation. Sore throat. Shortness of breath. Further see Ingestion.

Redness. Pain. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Burns.

Metallic taste. Sore throat. Severe thirst. Abdominal pain. Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Muscle cramps. Convulsions. Increased heart rate. Shock or collapse. Paralysis.

Exposure to lower levels of arsenic can cause nausea and vomiting, decreased production of red and white blood cells, abnormal heart rhythm, and damage to blood vessels.

PREGNANT RATS WERE INJECTED INTRAPERITONEALLY WITH 30 MG/KG ARSENIC ACID ON 9TH DAY OF GESTATION. MICROSCOPIC CHANGES OBSERVED INCLUDED NECROSIS IN THE NEUROECTODERM & THE MESODERM OF THE EMBRYO 4 HR AFTER TREATMENT. AT 6 HR LATER, CELL NECROSIS INCREASED IN THE NEUROECTODERM & THE MESODERM. HOWEVER, IN THE SURFACE ECTODERM & THE ENDODERM CELL NECROSIS INCREASED VERY LITTLE. 12 HR AFTER TREATMENT, ABNORMAL MITOTIC CELLS WITH VESICULATION OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULA, ABNORMAL INTERPHASE CELLS CHARACTERIZED BY THE RING SHAPED NUCLEOLI IN THE NUCLEUS. ENLARGEMENT OF CISTERNAI OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULA & THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE WERE OBSERVED IN THE NEUROECTODERM & THE MESODERM. 24 HR LATER NEUROLATION WAS STOPPED AND THE V-SHAPED NEURAL FOLD REMAINED. THE SOMITE FORMATION WAS RETARDED. SOME OF THE SURVIVING CELLS CONTAINED PHAGOCYTIC VESICLES IN THE CYTOPLASM, BUT NO OTHER ANOMALIES WERE OBSERVED.

The effects of arsenic acid on cultured mouse dorsal root ganglia were examined histopatholologically with phase contrast and transmission electron microscopes. Mature organotypic cultures of mice dorsal root ganglia were incubated in media containing arsenic acid at 10-7M to 10-3M for 3 days. When ganglia were treated with arsenic acid concn > 10-6M, pathological changes were detected. Prominent swelling of the Golgi apparatus and the appearance of small vesicles were the earliest ultrastructural changes. Next neuronal soma showed disarrangement and dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, large vesicles were observed. Satellite cells were the last part of the ganglia to deteriorate. Early changes in myelinated fibers were formation of densely packed neurofilaments and loss of microtubules. These were followed by splitting of myelin lamellae. Finally, many myelin ovoids and myelin debris were observed in Schwann cell cytoplasm.

Classification of carcinogenicity: 1) evidence in humans: sufficient; 2) evidence in animals: limited. Overall summary evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans is Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans. NOTE: This evaluation applies to the group of chemicals as a whole and not necessarily to all individual chemicals within the group. /Arsenic and arsenic compounds/

Cancer Classification: Group A Human Carcinogen

CLASSIFICATION: A; human carcinogen. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on sufficient evidence from human data. An increased lung cancer mortality was observed in multiple human populations exposed primarily through inhalation. Also, increased mortality from multiple internal organ cancers (liver, kidney, lung, and bladder) and an increased incidence of skin cancer were observed in populations consuming drinking water high in inorganic arsenic. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Sufficient. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. /Inorganic Arsenic/ /based on former classification system/

A1: Confirmed human carcinogen. /Arsenic and inorganic compounds, as As/

For more Evidence for Carcinogenicity (Complete) data for ARSENIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

P010; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when arsenic acid, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Arsenic acid is found on List A, which contains most food use pesticides and consists of the 194 chemical cases (or 350 individual active ingredients) for which EPA issued registration standards prior to FIFRA, as amended in 1988. Case No: 0132; Pesticide type: fungicide (wood perserative); Registration Standard Date: 06/01/88, 09/10/86; Case Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.; Active ingredient (AI): Arsenic acid; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 01/31/94; AI Status: The producers of the pesticide has made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner.

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenical cmpd, liquid, NOS/

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenical cmpd, solid, NOS/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Arsenic acid is included on this list.

(a) The owner or operator of an existing glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 2.5 Mg (2.7 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/

(b) The owner or operator of a new or modified glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 0.4 Mg (0.44 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/

The owner or operator of each copper converter subject to the provisions of this subpart shall reduce inorganic arsenic emissions to the atmosphere by meeting the following design, equipment, work practice, and operational requirements: (1) Install, operate, and maintain a secondary hood system on each copper converter. Each secondary hood system shall consist of a hood enclosure, air curtain fan(s), exhaust system fan(s), and ductwork that conveys the captured emission to a control device ... (2) Optimize the capture of secondary inorganic arsenic emission by operating the copper converter and secondary hood systems at all times ... . /Inorganic arsenic/

For more Atmospheric Standards (Complete) data for ARSENIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1 lb or 0.454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Arsenic & cmpd/

For the maximum protection of human health from the potential carcinogenic effects due to exposure of arsenic through ingestion of contaminated water & contaminated aquatic organisms, the ambient water concn should be zero based on the nonthreshold assumption for this chemical. However, zero level may not be attainable at the present time. Therefore, the levels which may result in incremental increase of cancer risk over the lifetime are estimated at 1X10-5, 1X10-6, & 1X10-7. The corresponding criteria are 22 ng/l, 2.2 ng/l, & .22 ng/l, respectively .... For consumption of aquatic organisms only, excluding consumption of water, the levels are 175 ng/ml, 17.5 ng/l, & 1.75 ng/l, respectively. /Arsenic/

D004; A solid waste containing arsenic may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste.

(AZ) ARIZONA 10 ug/L /Arsenic/

(CT) CONNECTICUT 10 ug/L /Arsenic/

10 ug/L /Arsenic/

Maximum Contaminant Level: 0.010 mg/L /Arsenic/

The disappearance of (74)As from the blood of dogs administered iv carrier free (74)As arsenic acid exhibited a 3-phase pharmacokinetic model similar to that of man. Most of the (74)As quickly left the blood (half-life of the first 2 phases of 1 and 5 hr, respectively), while the remaining amt was cleared with a half-life of 35 hr. The small amt of As still present in blood 3 hr after the injection was equally distributed between plasma and erythrocytes.

Whole body retention and elimination in dogs following iv or oral administration of (74)As arsenic acid (0.02 ug As/kg body weight) revealed that 85% of the dose was cleared very rapidly with a half-life of about 6 hr. The second phase of elimination, representing 14% of the dose, had a half-life of 2.4 days. No significant differences were found between iv and oral administration.

... (74)As ... used for the investigation of the uptake and release of different ... arsenic species in Poecilia reticulata. Trimethylarsine /could/ be rapidly taken up directly only from water. ... About 95% of arsenic acid, methylarsenic acid, dimethylarsenic acid or As(III) diethyldithiocarbamate ... released in a few days. The remaining As is released with a biological half life of 35 days.

MALE & FEMALE HAMSTERS WERE GIVEN EITHER A SINGLE ORAL OR IV DOSE OF (74)AS (33 MICROCURIES/HAMSTER; 0.01 UG ARSENIC/HAMSTER) AS ARSENIC ACID. FOR THE IV DOSED HAMSTERS, HALF-PERIOD OF ELIMINATION FOR THE 1ST COMPONENT (65% OF THE DOSE) WAS 0.40 DAYS; 2ND COMPONENT (35% OF THE DOSE) HAD HALF-PERIOD OF 4.5 DAYS. FOR THE ORALLY DOSED HAMSTERS, THE HALF-PERIOD OF ELIMINATION FOR 1ST COMPONENT (98% OF THE DOSE) WAS 0.29 DAYS; 2ND COMPONENT (2% OF THE DOSE) HAD A HALF-PERIOD OF 3.8 DAYS. DIFFERENCES IN THE PERCENT OF DOSE EXCRETED BETWEEN ORAL & IV DOSED HAMSTERS MAY BE DUE TO THE INCREASED FECAL EXCRETION OF ARSENIC (70%) IN THE ORALLY DOSED ANIMALS AS COMPARED TO THE IV DOSED HAMSTERS (6%).

ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES OF 24 HR URINE FROM MALE & FEMALE HAMSTERS GIVEN EITHER A SINGLE ORAL OR IV DOSE (33 MICROCURIES/HAMSTER; 0.01 UG/HAMSTER) AS ARSENIC ACID, REVEALED THAT ARSENIC WAS PRESENT AS DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID & AS INORGANIC ARSENIC.

The iv administration of carrier free (74)As arsenic acid to an adult male beagle (14.8 MBq, 0.4 m C1), resulted in (74)As being present in plasma or urine predominantly as inorganic arsenic or dimethylarsenic acid.

Plasma, red blood cells, or urine from a beagle were incubated in vitro with (74)As arsenic acid. No methylated arsenic was found in the plasma or urine samples but a small amt (0.2 %) of dimethylarsenic acid was found in the erythrocyte samples.

Rat liver cytosol inactivates inorganic arsenic through methylation; S-adenosylmethionine is the methyl group donor and reduced glutathione is required for full activity. ... Pathway involves the formation of a monomethylated metabolite which is either rapidly further methylated into a dimethylated derivative or is spontaneously oxidized into monomethylarsonic acid. The dimethylated metabolite gives rise to dimethylarsinic acid. The first methylation reaction is rate limiting, can be stimulated by glutathione and is catalyzed by an enzyme different from that which transfers the second methyl group. The latter is sensitive to inhibition by inorganic arsenic. ... A large excess of thiol groups may prevent the methylation reactions probably by decreasing the amount of free trivalent arsenic.

Arsenic is mainly absorbed by inhalation or ingestion, and to a lesser extent by dermal exposure. It is then distributed throughout the body, where it is reduced into arsenite, then methylated into monomethylarsenic (MMA) and dimethylarsenic acid (DMA) by arsenite methyltransferase. Arsenic and its metabolites are primarily excreted in the urine. Arsenic is known to induce the metal-binding protein metallothionein, which decreases the toxic effects of arsenic and other metals by binding them and making them biologically inactive, as well as acting as an antioxidant. (L20)

Pesticides used to destroy unwanted vegetation, especially various types of weeds, grasses (POACEAE), and woody plants. Some plants develop HERBICIDE RESISTANCE.

An agent that causes the production of physical defects in the developing embryo.

SYSTEMIC TOXIC EFFECTS HAVE RESULTED FROM OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS WHEN ARSENIC ACID ... SPLASHED ON WORKERS, INDICATING THAT THE SKIN IS POSSIBLE ROUTE OF ABSORPTION FOR ARSENIC.

MALE & FEMALE HAMSTERS WERE GIVEN EITHER A SINGLE ORAL OR IV DOSE OF (74)AS (33 MICROCURIES/HAMSTER; 0.01 UG ARSENIC/HAMSTER) AS ARSENIC ACID. FOR THE IV DOSED HAMSTERS, HALF-PERIOD OF ELIMINATION FOR THE 1ST COMPONENT (65% OF THE DOSE) WAS 0.40 DAYS; 2ND COMPONENT (35% OF THE DOSE) HAD HALF-PERIOD OF 4.5 DAYS. FOR THE ORALLY DOSED HAMSTERS, THE HALF-PERIOD OF ELIMINATION FOR 1ST COMPONENT (98% OF THE DOSE) WAS 0.29 DAYS; 2ND COMPONENT (2% OF THE DOSE) HAD A HALF-PERIOD OF 3.8 DAYS. DIFFERENCES IN THE PERCENT OF DOSE EXCRETED BETWEEN ORAL & IV DOSED HAMSTERS MAY BE DUE TO THE INCREASED FECAL EXCRETION OF ARSENIC (70%) IN THE ORALLY DOSED ANIMALS AS COMPARED TO THE IV DOSED HAMSTERS (6%).

Autoradiography of mice given carrier-free (74)As arsenic acid (iv) revealed a high affinity of As in the intestinal mucosa as well as in the kidneys.

Percutaneous absorption of (73)As as arsenic acid (H3AsO4) alone and mixed with soil has been measured in skin from cadavers ... . Labeled arsenic was applied to skin in diffusion cells and transit through the skin into receptor fluid measured. After 24 hr, 0.93% of the dose passed through the skin and 0.98% remained in the skin after washing. Absorption was lower with (73)As mixed with soil: 0.43% passed through the skin over 24 hr and 0.33% remained in the skin after washing.

Dermal absorption of arsenic has been measured in Rhesus monkeys ... . After 24 hr, 6.4% of (73)As as arsenic acid was absorbed systemically, as was 4.5% of (73)As mixed with soil.

Used to make arsenates and glass; Also used as a wood preservative, defoliant, desiccant for cotton, and soil sterilant; [Hawley]

Applying Wood Preservatives [Category: Other]

For Arsenic Acid (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 006801) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Manufacture of arsenates; glass making; wood treating process; defoliant (under special regulations); desiccant for cotton; soil sterilant /Hemihydrate/

ARSENIC ACID IS USED TO PROMOTE THE DESICATION OF COTTON, PARTICULARLY COTTON WHICH IS TO BE STRIPPED. (USA PATENT 1,130,035). ... 1 1/2 QT/ACRE OF THE 75% COMMERCIAL CONCENTRATE. /HEMIHYDRATE/

CHEM INT FOR CHROMATED COPPER ARSENATE-WOOD PRESERVATIVE

(1977) 3.64X10+8 G

(1982) 7.00X10+8 G

(1985) 1.99X10+9 g

(1977) AT LEAST 9.58X10+8 G

(1982) No Data

Prepn: conveniently prepd from As2O3 and HNO3: Simon, Thaler, Z Anorg Allgem Chem 161, 143 (1927); 246, 19 (1941).

Arsenic trioxide + nitric acid (oxidation/hydration)

TREATMENT OF ARSENIC TRIOXIDE OR ARSENIC METAL WITH NITRIC ACID

USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 006801; Trade Names: Zotox; Hi-Yield Desiccant H-10; Desiccant L-10; Crab Grass Killer.

75% WT/VOL OF ARSENIC ACID OR 39.6% OF TOTAL ARSENIC EXPRESSED AS METALLIC.

Grade: Pure, technical, chemically pure

Pieces ... 99 & 99.999% purity grades; ... 75% aq solution grade

Arsenic acid (H3AsO4): ACTIVE

Pyroarsenic acid, H4As2O7, & metaarsenic acid, HAsO3, may be obtained by heating orthoarsenic acid

Formula H3AsO4, of which 52.8% is arsenic. The anhydride of this acid is arsenic pentoxide; it dissolves freely in water to yield arsenic acid.

Arsenic pentoxide is also sometimes called arsenic acid

Exists only as the hemihydrate.