Promethium
Grundinformationen
- CAS
22541-16-8- Standard-SMILES
[Pm]- InChIKey
VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N- Summenformel
- Pm
- Durchschnittliche Molmasse
- 144,9128 g/mol
- Monoisotopische Masse
- 144,91276
Überblick
Promethium atom is a lanthanoid atom and a f-block element atom.
Namen und Bezeichner
- Bevorzugter Name
- Promethium
- IUPAC
- promethium
- Lokaler Name
- Promethium
- Englischer Name
- promethium
- Summenformel
- Pm
- Molmasse
- 144.9
Namen und Synonyme
PROMETHIUM7440-12-2ZGV62C09KNDTXSID4047755RefChem:176236DTXCID9027738231-121-9Pmpromethium atomPROMETHIUM ELEMENTPromethium-IIIPromethium, ion(Pm3 )
Weitere Namen anzeigen
61PmChebi:33373promethium-147promethium ISO 9001：2015 REACH
prometioElement-PmElement:PmAtomic PromethiumElement PromethiumElement:PromethiumPm (element)Promethium (atomic)
Datenbank-Bezeichner
- CAS
22541-16-8、7440-12-2- PubChem CID
- 23944
- DTXSID
DTXSID4047755- ChEBI
CHEBI:33373- UNII
- ZGV62C09KN
- EC Number
- 231-121-9
- Nikkaji
- J96.080B
Eigenschaften
Berechnete Struktureigenschaften
- Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)
- 0 Ų
- H-Brücken-Donoren
- 0
- H-Brücken-Akzeptoren
- 0
- Frei drehbare Bindungen
- 0
- Schwere Atome
- 1
- Formalladung
- 0
- Komplexität
- 0
Experimentelle und physikochemische Eigenschaften
Chemical ClassesPhysical/Radiation -> Radionuclides
SpringerMaterials Propertieselectron density of states
Physical DescriptionSolid metal; [Merck Index]
Physikochemische Eigenschaften
- Schmelzpunkt
- 1080 ° · 1080° (Weigel)
- Siedepunkt
- 3000 °C · 3000°C
- Dichte
- 7.22 · 7.22
- Aggregatzustand
- silvery metal
- Farbe
- silvery metal; hexagonal, hexane
- Spezifische Wärmekapazität
- 0.17 J/ · Cp(gas): 0.17 J/(g·K), at 25℃
- EPA chemische Informationen
- Promethium (7440-12-2)
Sicherheit und Regulatorisches
Sicherheitsangaben dienen nur zur Orientierung und ersetzen weder das Sicherheitsdatenblatt (SDB) des Lieferanten noch geltende Vorschriften oder eine fachliche Bewertung.
GHS-Klassifizierung
GHS ClassificationNot Classified
Gefahrenhinweise
Hazards Summary
All isotopes are radioactive (mass numbers = 132-155); Pm-145 has the longest half-life at 17.7 years, an alpha emitter; Present at low levels in uranium ores; [Merck Index] The stable rare earth compounds cause benign and other pneumoconioses, but Promethium is not stable. [Reference #2] Pm-147 with a half-life of 2.6 years is the most useful isotope. Pm-145 has the longest half-life; it has a specific activity of 940 Ci/g. See Radiation, Ionizing.
Hazard Classes and CategoriesNot Classified
Toxikologische Informationen
EPA Provisional Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Values
Promethium
PDF Document
Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential
2007
Sicherheitsdaten
- ridadr
- 2912
- hazard_class
- 7
Chemie und Industrie
Verwendung und Herstellung
Uses
Promethium is present in rare earth minerals Pm-147 in minute quantities (< 10E-19 %) as a result of cosmic ray reactions and spontaneous fission of U-238. [Ullmann] Used in nuclear-powered batteries, thickness gauges, luminous compounds, and portable x-ray sources; [Merck Index] Searches for the element on earth have been fruitless, and it now appears that promethium is completely missing from the earth's crust. [Reference #1]
Anwendungen
HistoryThe discovery of this element is credited to J.A. Marinsky and L.E. Glendenin who, in 1945, identified its long-lived isotope Pm-147 (t1/2 2.64 years) in the fission products of uranium. They named the element after Prometheus, who according to Greek mythology stole fire from heaven. The element was first isolated from fission product wastes by G.W. Parker and P.M. Lantz in 1948. It first was recovered from natural sources by O. Erametsa in 1965. An amount less than 0.5 g was recovered from 20 tons of rare earths.Promethium does not occur in metallic form in nature. Minute quantities are associated with other rare earths. It also is detected in uranium fission products. It is probably the rarest of the lanthanide elements.Promethium has very limited applications. It is used in phosphor lights to produce signals. Also, it is used as a beta particle source for thickness gages, nuclear batteries, and portable x-ray units.
VerwendenPromethium-147 is used in the manufacture of luminescent paint for watch dials, as well as being a source of beta rays.
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