Ytterbium
Yb · YTTERBIUM METAL · YB000200 · YB000215 · YB000230 · YB000205 · YB007920 · YB006100
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 32997-62-9 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | Yb |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 173,05 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 173,9388621 g/mol |
| SMILES | [Yb] |
| InChIKey | NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 23992 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:33381 |
| EC No. | 231-173-2 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID4046993 |
| Lokaler Name | Ytterbium |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 0 |
|---|---|
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 0 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 1 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 0 |
| Stoffklassen | Metals -> Rare Earth Metals |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | electron density of states |
| Physical Description | Silvery, soft, malleable metal[Sax] |
| Schmelzpunkt | 824 °C(lit.) |
| Siedepunkt | 1196 °C(lit.) |
| Dichte | 6.54 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Lagerbedingungen | Flammables area |
| Löslichkeit | soluble in dilute acid solutionsIt reacts slowly with water and is soluble in dilute acids. |
| Aggregatzustand | powder |
| Farbe | Silver-gray |
| Wichte | 6.97 |
| pH | 0.5 (20°C in H2O) |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(crystal): 0.15 J/(g·K)Cp(gas): 0.12 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 13,10160 |
| InChI | 1S/Yb |
| InChIKey | NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | [Yb] |
| Bulk Modulus | 30.5 GPa |
| Hardness, Vickers | 17 |
| Poissons Ratio | 0.207 |
| Shear Modulus | 9.90 GPa |
| CAS Datenbank | 7440-64-4(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Ytterbium (7440-64-4) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 6% (3 of 50) of reports.DangerH228 (84%): Flammable solid [Danger Flammable solids]P210, P222, P231, P233, P235, P240, P241, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P335+P334, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P407, P410, P413, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 50 reports by companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| Gefahrenübersicht | Its acute toxic rating is low. [Reference #1] See RARE EARTH METALS and linked occupational diseases. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Flam. Sol. 1 (84%) |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Fibrogenic - Inducing tissue injury and fibrosis (scarring). |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 3 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 3089 4.1/PG 2 |
| Zollcode | 28053090 |
| RTECS-Nr. | ZG1925000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 36/37/38-20/21/22-11-36/38 |
| Gefahrensymbole | Xn,F,Xi |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 36-33-16-26 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 4.2 |
| Verpackungsgruppe | I |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Occurrence
Ytterbium is the 45th most abundant element, and it ranks 10th in abundance (2.7 ppm)among the 17 rare-earths found in the Earth’s crust.It is found in ores along with other rare-earths that were first found in the Ytterby quarryof Sweden. These ores are xenotime, euxenite, gadolinite, and monazite. Monazite river sand is the main source of ytterbium, which is found in India and Brazil and the beaches of Florida.Ytterbium is also found as a decay product of the fission reaction in nuclear reactors.
Verwenden
Ytterbium is being applied to numerous fiber amplifier and fiber optic technologies and in various lasing applications. Ytterbium metal increases its electrical resistance when subjected to very high stresses. This property is used in stress gauges for monitoring ground deformations from earthquakes and nuclear explosions. Ytterbium can also be used as a dopant to help improve the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel. Some Ytterbium alloys have rarely been used in dentistry. It is also used as in thermal barrier system bond coatings on nickel, iron and other transitional metal alloy substrates. Ytterbium Metal, is being applied in improving the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel and alloys. The 169Yb has been used as a radiation source in portable X-ray machines.169Yb is also used in nuclear medicine. Ytterbium can also be used as a dopant to help improve the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel. Some ytterbium alloys have rarely been used in dentistry. Ytterbium Metal can be further processed to various shapes of ingots, pieces, wires, foils, slabs, rods, discs and powder.