| GHS-Einstufung | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 56.8% (180 of 317) of all reports.DangerH228 (31.2%): Flammable solid [Danger Flammable solids]P210, P222, P231, P233, P240, P241, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P335+P334, P302+P352, P304+P340, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, P370+P378, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 317 reports by companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.Warning |
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| Regulatorische Informationen | Status: Active Update: 12-12-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/22904Yttrium, powder: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
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| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Flammable Solid |
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| Brandgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 133 [Flammable Solids]: |
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| Gesundheitsgefahren | Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Yttrium: |
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| Gefahrenübersicht | TLV Basis: pulmonary fibrosis in rats after single intratracheal administration of a very large doseIn animal studies, it is moderately toxic by the intraperitoneal routeA dose of 50 mg/kg caused hepatic necrosis. Workers producing yttrium europium vanadate phosphor and inhaling an average of 1.4 mg/m3 complained of irritation of the skin, eyes and respiratory tractThis effect was attributed to vanadium. [ACGIH] See the radionuclide, Yttrium-90. See RARE EARTH METALS and linked occupational diseases. |
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| Reaktive Gruppe | Metals, Elemental and Powder, Active |
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| Reactivity Alerts | Strong Reducing Agent |
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| Reactivity Profile | YTTRIUM in bulk is stable in air due to the formation of oxide films. Powder or dust is light-sensitive and air-sensitive and flammable in the air and (Hazardous Chemicals Desk Reference, p. 861 (1987)). Reacts with water to form gaseous hydrogen (H2). Reacts with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases, and halogens. The products of these reactions are irritating and toxic. |
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| Flammable Limits | Noncombustible Solid in bulk form. |
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| Air and Water Reactions | Air sensitive. Light sensitive. Moisture sensitive. |
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| NIOSH Recommendations | Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m |
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| Hazard Classes and Categories | Flam. Sol. 2 (31.2%)Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 2 (lung) |
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| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 133 [Flammable Solids]: |
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| Erste Hilfe | Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Yttrium:(General first aid procedures) |
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| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 133 [Flammable Solids]: |
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| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 133 [Flammable Solids]: |
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| Respirator Recommendations | NIOSH/OSHA |
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| Threshold Limit Values (TLV) | 1.0 [mg/m3], as Y1 mg/m³ [1986] |
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| Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) | 1.0 [mg/m3], as Y1 mg/m³TWA 1 mg/m3 [*Note: The PEL also applies to other yttrium compounds (as Y).] |
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| Protective Action Criteria (PAC) | 3.0 [mg/m3]83 [mg/m3]500 [mg/m3] |
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| Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) | 1 mg/m³TWA 1 mg/m3 [*Note: The REL also applies to other yttrium compounds (as Y).] |
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| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Yttrium:Respirator Recommendations: Up to 5 mg/cu m: (APF = 5) Any quarter-mask respirator.Respirator Recommendations: Up to 10 mg/cu m: (Assigned Protection Factor = 10) Any particulate respirator equipped with an N95, R95, or P95 filter (including N95, R95, and P95 filtering facepieces) except quarter-mask respirators. The following filters may also be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, R100, P100. (Assigned Protection Factor = 10) Any supplied-air respirator.Respirator Recommendations: Up to 25 mg/cu m: (Assigned Protection Factor = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode. (Assigned Protection Factor = 25) Any powered air-purifying respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter.Respirator Recommendations: Up to 50 mg/cu m: (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100, or P100 filter. (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any supplied-air respirator that has a tight-fitting facepiece and is operated in a continuous-flow mode. (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and a high-efficiency particulate filter. (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece.For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for YTTRIUM, ELEMENTAL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) | 500 mg Y/m3 (NIOSH, 2024)500.0 [mg/m3]500 mg/cu m500 mg/m³500 mg/m3 (as Y) |
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| Zielorgane | Eyes, respiratory system, liver |
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| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
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| Expositionspfade | inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact |
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| Signs and Symptoms | irritation eyesIn Animals: pulmonary irritationeye injurypossible liver damage |
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| Antidote and Emergency Treatment | Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /"To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/ |
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| Alarmwort | Warnung |
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| Gefahrenhinweise | Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code H228 |
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