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Aluminiumbromid
AlBr3 · ALUMINIUM BROMIDE · Aluminium tribromide · uminum bromide · Tribromoalumane · ALUMINUM BROMIDE · Tribromoaluminum · aluminumtribromide
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 7727-15-3 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | AlBr3 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 266,69 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 263,73655 g/mol |
| SMILES | [Br][Al]([Br])[Br] |
| InChIKey | PQLAYKMGZDUDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K |
| PubChem CID | 24409 |
| EC No. | 231-779-7 |
| Lokaler Name | Aluminiumbromid |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 0 |
|---|---|
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 0 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 4 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 8 |
| Dichte | 3.23.205 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Color/Form | White-yellowish monoclinic crystalsWhite to yellowish-red lumps |
| Löslichkeit | It is similar to anhydrous AlCl3 but is more reactive and more sol in organic media. ... Fumes strongly in aircombines with water with violence.Sol in many organic solvents such as benzene, nitrobenzene, toluene, xylene, simple hydrocarbonsSol in etherSoluble in benzene, nitrobenzene, toluene, xylene, ether, simple hydrocarbons, alcohol, carbon disulfide, ether.decomposes |
| Siedepunkt | 255 °C265 °C |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen bromide/. |
| Schmelzpunkt | 97.5 °C94-98 °C(lit.) |
| Dampfdruck | 1 mm Hg at 81.3 °C1 mm Hg ( 81.3 °C) |
| Physical Description | Aluminum bromide, anhydrous appears as a white to yellowish-red, lumpy solid with a pungent odor.Aluminum bromide, solution appears as a light-yellow colored liquid. Very corrosive to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Used to make other chemical substances.Whitish-yellow to yellowish-red crystals or lumps with a pungent odorDeliquescentFumes in moist air[CAMEO] |
| Stability/Shelf Life | Fumes strongly in air... . Keep /anhydrous form/ tightly closed and protect from moisture. ...Keep /hexahydrate form/ well closed.Low melting solids or colorless, volatile liquids. /Alkylaluminum halides/Less sensitive than trialkylaminums to oxidation upon exposure to air. /Alkylaluminum halides/ |
| Other Experimental Properties | Exists as double molecule aluminum bromide in the vaporColorless to slightly yellow crystalsdeliquescentmp: 93 °Cdensity 2.5sol in water, alcohol, ether, carbon disulfide /Hexahydrate/ |
| Flammpunkt | 268°C subl. |
| Lagerbedingungen | 2-8°C |
| Aggregatzustand | powder |
| Farbe | White to orange |
| Wichte | 2.64 |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(crystal): 0.38 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,332 |
| Dielektrizitätskonstante | 3.4(100℃) |
| Stabilität | Stable, but reacts violently with water. Incompatible with aqueous solutions, alcohols, acids. |
| Hauptanwendungen | electroplatingmaterial synthesis precursor |
| InChI | 1S/Al.3BrH/h3*1H/q+3/p-3 |
| InChIKey | PQLAYKMGZDUDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K |
| SMILES | Br[Al](Br)Br |
| CAS Datenbank | 7727-15-3(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Aluminum tribromide(7727-15-3) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Aluminum bromide (AlBr3) (7727-15-3) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 46 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. |
|---|---|
| Hazards Identification | Water-reactive material (WR) |
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Aluminium bromide (AlBr3)Aluminium bromide anhydrous: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Corrosive |
| Brandgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:EXCEPT FOR ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (UN1715), THAT IS FLAMMABLE, some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff. Flammable/toxic gases may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water. Substance may be transported in a molten form. (ERG, 2024)Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Corrosives in contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion or sodium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. (ERG, 2024)· EXCEPT FOR ACETIC ANHYDRIDE (UN1715), THAT IS FLAMMABLE, some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily.· May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.).· Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff.· Flammable/toxic gases may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars, etc.).· Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.· Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.· Substance may be transported in a molten form.· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.· Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.).· Corrosives in contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.· Containers may explode when heated.· For electric vehicles or equipment, GUIDE 147 (lithium ion or sodium ion batteries) or GUIDE 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. |
| Brandpotenzial | Certain polymerization catalysts, such as aluminum alkyls, react & burn violently on contact with water. /Aluminum alkyls/Aluminum alkyls are organic aluminum compounds that are highly reactive and dangerous because of spontaneous burning in air. /Aluminum alkyls/Prophoric material in flammable solvent. Vapors are heavier than air & may travel to a source of ignition & flash back. /Aluminum alkyls/ |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:CORROSIVE and/or TOXICinhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause environmental contamination. (ERG, 2024)Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:TOXIC and/or CORROSIVEinhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause environmental contamination. (ERG, 2024)· CORROSIVE and/or TOXICinhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death.· Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.· Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air.· Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.· Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause environmental contamination.· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVEinhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.· Avoid any skin contact.· Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.· Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause environmental contamination. |
| Gefahrenübersicht | Contact with substance may cause severe burnsDecomposes when burned to form corrosive gasesReacts with water to form increased concentration of fumesExperiments show that there is essentially no HBr gas formationthe substance is quite unreactive. [CAMEO] Causes tissue burnsOral LD50 (rats) = 1598 mg/kg[HSDB] CorrosiveHarmful if swallowedReacts violently with waterInhalation can cause chemical pneumonitis[MSDSonline] See Bromine. See Aluminum. |
| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 1725 1372580 154 |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Acids, Strong Non-oxidizingHalogenating Agents |
| RCRA-Anforderungen | D003A solid waste containing Aluminum bromide may become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to testing for reactivity as stipulated in 40 CFR 261.23, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. |
| Reactivity Alerts | Known Catalytic ActivityWater-ReactiveAir-Reactive |
| Reactivity Profile | An acid. May catalyze organic reactions. Corrosive to metals. Solutions of aluminum bromide in dichloromethane should be kept cold as a potentially dangerous exothermic halide exchange reaction occurs on warming, [Acc. Chem. Res., 1986, 19(3), 78]. |
| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:When material is not involved in fire, do not use water on material itself.SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.LARGE FIRE: Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply, responders should withdraw.FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not get water inside containers. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024)Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.LARGE FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal.FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. (ERG, 2024) |
| Freisetungsmaßnahmen | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· Keep unauthorized personnel away.· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.· Use water spray to reduce vaporsdo not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container.· Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.Small Spill· Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.· Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal.· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.· Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.· DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. |
| Erste Hilfe | Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:Refer to the "General First Aid" section. Specific First Aid: For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required. Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance. (ERG, 2024)Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:Refer to the "General First Aid" section. Specific First Aid: For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required. (ERG, 2024)General First Aid:· Call 911 or emergency medical service.· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.· If victim is not breathing:-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitationthe victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.· Keep victim calm and warm.· Keep victim under observation.· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.Specific First Aid:· For corrosives, in case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 30 minutes. Additional flushing may be required. |
| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016]. |
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use dry chemical, dry sand, or carbon dioxide. Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. /Aluminum bromide, solution/If material involved in fire: Do not use water on material itself. If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Aluminum bromide, anhydrous/Stop flow of liquid before extinguishing fire. Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. DO NOT use water as straight stream directly on spilled material. Water fog can be used to control fire. DO NOT use halogenated extinguishing agents on spilled material. Violent reaction may result. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. /Aluminum Alkyls/ |
| Lagerbedingungen | Extremely reactive with air, moisture and compounds containing active hydrogen and therefore must be kept under a blanket of inert gas. /Aluminum alkyls/In general, materials ... toxic as stored or which can decompose into toxic components ... Should be stored in cool ... ventilated place, out of ... sun, away from ... fire hazard ... be periodically inspected and monitored. Incompatible materials should be isolated ...All possibility of contact with water must be avoided. Solution containing not more than 20% of these compounds in non-reactive solvents, however, can be handled without risk of spontaneous ignition. /Aluminum alkyls/Must be stored in an inert atmospheresensitive to oxidation and hydrolysis in air. /Trialkylaluminums/Separate from air, water, halocarbons, alcohols. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Inside storage should be in a standard flammable liquid storage warehouse, room, or cabinet. /Aluminum alkyls/ |
| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vaporsdo not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container. Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2024)Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2024) |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | Aluminum compounds are treated under anhydrous conditions to prevent violent reactions, recover solvent, and form Al compounds suitable for landfill by reaction with anhydrous hydrolysis agent, eg calcium hydroxide. /Aluminum compounds/SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations. |
| Preventive Measures | If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. /Aluminum bromide, solution/If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Do not use water on material itself. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. /Aluminum bromide, anhydrous/Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Aluminum bromide, solution/Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken package unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Aluminum bromide, anhydrous/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ALUMINUM BROMIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 137 [Substances - Water-Reactive - Corrosive]:IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1725 datasheet.FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directionsalso, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.Immediate precautionary measure· Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.· For highlighted materials: see Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.· For non-highlighted materials: increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directionsalso, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.When spilled in waterSmall spill:- ISOLATE in all directions: 30 m (100 ft)Large spill:- PROTECT people from downwind during DAY time: 0.1 km (0.1 mi)- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.1 km (0.1 mi)- PROTECT people from downwind during NIGHT time: 0.2 km (0.1 mi) |
| Toxic-by-Inhalation (TIH) Gas | HBr - when spill Aluminum bromide, anhydrous into water. |
| Minimum Risk Level | Intermediate Oral: 1.0 mg/kg/day (Aluminum) (L134) Chronic Oral: 1.0 mg/kg/day (Aluminum) (L134) |
| Treatment | EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration. |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. Aluminum targets the nervous system and causes decreased nervous system performance and is associated with altered function of the blood-brain barrier. The accumulation of aluminum in the body may cause bone or brain diseases. High levels of aluminum have been linked to Alzheimer’s disease. A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. (L739, L740, L625, L626, L627) |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors. |
| Expositionspfade | Oral (L626)inhalation (L626)dermal (L626) |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. The main target organs of aluminum are the central nervous system and bone. Aluminum binds with dietary phosphorus and impairs gastrointestinal absorption of phosphorus. The decreased phosphate body burden results in osteomalacia (softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralization) and rickets. Aluminum's neurotoxicity is believed to involve several mechanisms. Changes in cytoskeletal protein functions as a results of altered phosphorylation, proteolysis, transport, and synthesis are believed to be one cause. Aluminum may induce neurobehavioral effects by affecting permeability of the blood-brain barrier, cholinergic activity, signal transduction pathways, lipid peroxidation, and impair neuronal glutamate nitric oxide-cyclic GMP pathway, as well as interfere with metabolism of essential trace elements because of similar coordination chemistries and consequent competitive interactions. It has been suggested that aluminum's interaction with estrogen receptors increases the expression of estrogen-related genes and thereby contributes to the progression of breast cancer (A235), but studies have not been able to establish a clear link between aluminum and increased risk of breast cancer (A15468). Certain aluminum salts induce immune responses by activating inflammasomes. (L739, A235, A236, L626, L627, A543) |
| Signs and Symptoms | Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eye irritation with mucous secretions from the oropharyngeal and upper airways, coughing, dyspnoea, choking, wheezing, epistaxis, and headache. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant producing ataxia, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, visual disturbances, unsteadiness, headaches, impaired memory and concentration, disorientation and hallucinations. This is called bromism. Inhalating aluminum dust causes coughing and abnormal chest X-rays. A small percentage of people are allergic to aluminium and experience contact dermatitis, digestive disorders, vomiting or other symptoms upon contact or ingestion of products containing aluminium. (L739, L740, L626, L627) |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The anhydrous form /of aluminum bromide is/ corrosive to skin./OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Anhydrous aluminum bromide is hazardous because of its affinity for water. It may cause tissue burns, and both it and the hydrate may be toxic upon ingestion. |
| Carcinogen Classification | Not listed by IARC. IARC classified aluminum production as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), but did not implicate aluminum itself as a human carcinogen. (L135) A link between use of aluminum-containing antiperspirants and increased risk of breast cancer has been proposed (A235), but studies have not been able to establish a clear link (A15468). |
| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | /LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The acute toxicity of four aluminum compounds and the antidotal efficacy of several chelating agents were investigated in rats and mice. The oral and ip doses which were lethal in 50% of animals (LD50) were determined for aluminum nitrate (Al(NO3)3), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3), and aluminum bromide (AlBr3) in Sprague Dawley rats and Swiss mice. Acute oral toxicities of the compounds were much lower than acute ip toxicities. AlBr3 was the most toxic compound when given orally. ...The clinical and physical signs appearing after intoxication include among other lethargy, decreased locomotor activity, piloerection, weight loss and perorbital bleeding. ...The majority of deaths in both species occurred within the first 4 days after aluminum /compound/ administration. |
| Evidence for Carcinogenicity | A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Alluminium metal and insoluble compounds/ |
| Probable Routes of Human Exposure | Anhydrous aluminum bromide is hazardous because of its affinity for water. It may cause tissue burns, and both it and the hydrate may be toxic upon ingestion. |
| Toxicity Data | LD50: 1068 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (T14) LD50: 1623 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (T14) |
| State Drinking Water Standards | (CA) CALIFORNIA 1000 ug/l /Aluminum/ |
| DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI) | Aluminum bromide, anhydrousA Commercial GradeA Placarded AmountChemical or material that can be mixed with readily available materials. |
| Landesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | (AZ) ARIZONA 73 ug/l /Aluminum/(CA) CALIFORNIA 200 ug/l /Aluminum/(ME) MAINE 1430 ug/l /Aluminum/ |
| Bundesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | EPA 50-200 ug/l /Aluminum/ |
| F | 21 |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 3 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 2580 8/PG III (ALUMINIUM BROMIDE SOLUTION) |
| Zollcode | 28275900 |
| RTECS-Nr. | BD0350000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 23/24/25-34-22-14-67-65-50/53-11-52/53-20 |
| Toxizität | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1598 mg/kg |
| Gefahrensymbole | C,Xi,N,F |
| hazard_note | Irritant |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 9-16-26-29-36/37/39-43-45-60-61-62-28-27 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 8Acute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1Met. Corr. 1Skin Corr. 1B |
| Verpackungsgruppe | II |
| Lagerklasse | 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 7727-15-3(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
Alkylation, bromination and isomerization catalyst in organic synthesis.Aluminum bromide acts as a strong Lewis acid and is used in Lewis acid-promoted reactions such as epoxide ring openings. It is used as a catalyst for Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. It also finds application in bromination and isomerization reactions in organic synthesis. It is also used in polymerization reaction to prepare poly(o-xylene)from benzocyclobutene.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
Prepared from bromine and metallic aluminum.2Al + 3Br2 —— Al2Br6 (anhydrous).