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Natriumamid
NaNH2 · SODAMIDE · m amide · Natriumamid · Aminosodium · SODIUM AMIDE · Sodium amino · Sodiumamide,94%
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 7782-92-5 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | H2NNa |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 39,013 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 39,00849334 g/mol |
| SMILES | [NH2-].[Na+] |
| InChIKey | ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 24533 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:176791 |
| EC No. | 231-971-0 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID2064816 |
| Lokaler Name | Natriumamid |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 1 |
|---|---|
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 1 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 1 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 2 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 2 |
| Stoffklassen | Nitrogen Compounds -> Other Nitrogen Compounds |
| Geruch | AMMONIA ODOR |
| Dichte | 1.39 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink1.39 @ 20 °C1.39 g/cm3 (25℃) |
| Color/Form | WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER |
| Löslichkeit | SOLUBILITY IN LIQ AMMONIA AT 20 °C= ABOUT 0.1%Soluble in waterinsoluble in alcohol.reacts with H2OREACTS VERY VIOLENTLY, EVEN EXPLOSIVELY |
| Siedepunkt | 752 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)400 °C400 °C (lit.) |
| Schmelzpunkt | 410 °F (USCG, 1999)210 °C210 °C (lit.) |
| Physical Description | Sodium amide is an odorless colorless solid. Denser than water.Commercial form is white to olive-greenQuickly absorbs water and carbon dioxide from atmosphere[Merck Index] White solid with an odor of ammonia[Hawley] Grey powder or granules with an ammoniacal odor[Alfa Aesar MSDS] |
| Other Experimental Properties | BEGINS TO VOLATILIZE @ 400 °C & DECOMP INTO ITS ELEMENTS BETWEEN 500 & 600 °CHEAT OF FORMATION (FOR SOLID) @ 18 °C & 1 ATM: -32.26 KCAL/MOLEHEAT OF SOLN: -31.06 KCAL/MOLE @ 21 °C. ... FUSED NaNH2 DISSOLVES METALLIC MAGNESIUM, ZINC, MOLYBDENUM, TUNGSTEN, QUARTZ, GLASS, SILICATES & OTHER SUBSTANCES.DECOMP IN WATER & ALCOHOLWHITE TO OLIVE-GREEN SOLID WITH SEA-SHELL FRACTURE /COMMERCIAL PRODUCT/ |
| Flammpunkt | 85 °F |
| Lagerbedingungen | Store below +30°C. |
| Aggregatzustand | crystalline |
| Farbe | Greyish white powder |
| Geruch | Ammonia like |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(crystal): 1.7 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,8576 |
| Stabilität | Stability Flammable. Reacts violently with water producing very toxic fumes. In case of fire do not use water, but instead smother with soda ash. May form explosive peroxides if heated, or if stored for extended periods in contact with air or oxygen. Incompatible with water and aqueous solutions, carbon dioxide, halogenated hydrocarbo |
| InChI | 1S/H2N.Na/h1H2/q-1+1 |
| InChIKey | ODZPKZBBUMBTMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | N[Na] |
| CAS Datenbank | 7782-92-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Sodium amide (Na(NH2)) (7782-92-5) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH260 (42.1%): In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]P223, P231+P232, P260, P264, P264+P265, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P335+P334, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P363, P370+P378, P391, P402+P404, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 297 reports by companies from 17 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Sodium amide (Na(NH2))Status: Active Update: 25-10-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/11165Sodium amide: HSNO Approval: HSR004679 Approved with controls |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Dangerous When Wet |
| Brandgefahren | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating ammonia gas may be formed. (USCG, 1999) |
| Brandpotenzial | FLAMMABLE, DANGEROUS FIRE RISK.The reduction with 1,1-diethoxy-2-chloroethane in the presence of ammonia produces sodium ethoxyacetylide, which is extremely pyrophoric. Sodium amide reacts violently with water and frequently bursts into flame. |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Ammonia gas formed by reaction of solid with moisture irritates eyes and skin. Solid causes caustic burns of eyes and skin. Ingestion burns mouth and stomach in same way as caustic soda and may cause perforation of tissue. (USCG, 1999) |
| Gefahrenübersicht | Emergency treatment: Corrosives- alkaline[HSDB] Reacts violently with water producing sodium hydroxide and ammoniaOxidation products after air exposure may be highly explosiveA severe skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant[Merck Index] A strong reducing agentAn explosive peroxide may be produced on storageMay cause caustic burns to skin and eyes[CAMEO] Reacts violently with water evolving highly flammable gasesExplosive on contact with oxidizing substancesA highly corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tractInhalation may cause chemical pneumonitis[Alfa Aesar MSDS] |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Bases, Strong |
| Reactivity Alerts | Highly Flammable |
| Reactivity Profile | SODIUM AMIDE is a powerful reducing agent. Reacts violently with oxidizing agents. Reacts violently with steam and water to form caustic NaOH and NH3 vapors [Bergstrom et al., Chem. Reviews, 12:6 1932]. May form explosive compounds in the presence of water and carbon dioxide [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980 p 826]. Liable to deflagration upon heating and friction. Forms an explosive peroxide on storage. When sodium amide and chromic anhydride are mixed together a vigorous reaction resultsthe same occurs with other oxidizing agents including dinitrogen tetraoxide, potassium chlorate, sodium nitrite. [Mellor 11:234 1946-47]. Reaction with 1,1-diethoxy-2- chloroethane produces sodium ethoxyacetylide, which is extremely pyrophoric [Rutledge 1968 p. 35]. Reactions with halogenated hydrocarbons may be violently explosive. Sodium amide forms toxic and flammable H2S gas with CS2. (714). |
| Air and Water Reactions | Highly flammable. Reacts violently with water and bursts into flame. |
| Peroxide Forming Chemical | Sodium amideA: Compounds that form explosive levels of peroxides without concentrationClark |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Water-react. 1 (42.1%) |
| Brandbekämpfung | Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water |
| Erste Hilfe | INGESTION: give water or milk followed by dilute vinegar or fruit juicedo NOT induce vomitingcall a doctor. |
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | DRY SODA ASH, GRAPHITE, SALT, OR OTHER RECOMMENDED DRY POWDER, SUCH AS DRY LIMESTONE. |
| Lagerbedingungen | SEALED CONTAINERS MUST BE STORED IN WELL-VENTILATED AREA.SHOULD BE STORED IN SEALED CONTAINERS WHICH PREVENT ALL CONTACT WITH AIR DURING STORAGE ... |
| Freisetung ohne Brand | Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Caustic solution formed by reaction with water can be diluted with water and/or neutralized by acetic acid. (USCG, 1999) |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 139 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable and Toxic Gases)]: |
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Goggles or face shielddust respiratorrubber gloves and shoes. (USCG, 1999)RUBBER GLOVES AND SHOES. |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns. |
| F | 3-10-23 |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 2 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 3129 4.3/PG 2 |
| Zollcode | 2853 90 90 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 14/15-19-34-20/21-10-67-65-63-48/20-11-36/37-15/29-14-50-29 |
| Gefahrensymbole | F,C,Xi,N |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 26-43-45-62-7/8-43D-36/37/39-27-16-61 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 4.3Aquatic Chronic 3Eye Dam. 1Skin Corr. 1BWater-react 2 |
| Verpackungsgruppe | II |
| Lagerklasse | 4.3 - Hazardous materials which set free flammable gases upon contact with water |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 7782-92-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Selbstentzündungstemperatur | 450 °C |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
Sodium Amide is widely used in organic chemical synthesis as a strong base in reactions such as in the preparation of phenylacetylene from 1,2-dibromophenylethane. Also used in the synthesis of 2,6-diamination of substituted pyridines as initiator of heterogeneous chichibabin reaction.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
Sodium amide is prepared by passing dry ammonia gas over sodium metal at 350°C: 2Na + 2NH3 → 2NaNH2 + H2Also, it may be prepared by reacting sodium metal with liquid ammonia in the presence of a catalyst such as iron(III) nitrate. The compound must be stored in well-sealed containers free from air or moisture.