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Kupferbromid
CUBR · COPPER BROMIDE · COPPER(I) BROMIDE · cooper bromide · Copper(l) bromide · Kupferbromid · Bromocopper(I) · CUPROUS BROMIDE
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 7787-70-4 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | BrCu |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 143,45 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 141,8479346 g/mol |
| SMILES | [Cu][Br] |
| InChIKey | NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| PubChem CID | 24593 |
| EC No. | 232-131-6 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID6052530 |
| Lokaler Name | Kupferbromid |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 0 |
|---|---|
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 0 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 2 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 2 |
| Stoffklassen | Metals -> Metals, Inorganic Compounds |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | valence band parameter |
| Dichte | 4.72 at 77 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink4.72 @ 25 °C/4 °C4.71 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Color/Form | White powder or cubic crystals (zinc blende structure)White tetrahedral crystalsWhite crystalline solid becoming green in light |
| Löslichkeit | Slightly sol in cold watersol in hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, ammonium hydroxide with the formation of complexespractically insoluble in acetone, concentrated sulfuric acidSoluble in hydrochloric acid and ammonium hydroxideinsoluble in acetone and sulfuric acidSlightly soluble in waterinsoluble in acetoneSoluble in hydrogen bromide, hydrochloric acid, and ammonium hydroxide. Slightly soluble in water. Insoluble in acetone. |
| Siedepunkt | 2453 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)1345 °C |
| Decomposition | WHEN STRONGLY HEATED, THEY EMIT HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF /HYDROGEN BROMIDE/. /BROMIDES/ |
| Schmelzpunkt | 939.2 °F (USCG, 1999)504 °C504 °C(lit.) |
| Dampfdruck | 1 MM HG @ 572 °C |
| Food Contact Substances | FCS -> FDA Cumulative Estimated Daily Intake (CEDI)FCS -> FDA Inventory of Food Contact Substances Listed in 21 CFR |
| Brechungsindex | INDEX OF REFRACTION: 2.116 |
| Physical Description | Copper (i) bromide appears as white powder or crystal. Turns green to dark blue on exposure to sunlight. Sinks and mixes slowly with water. (USCG, 1999)White solidBecomes green to dark-blue on sunlight exposureSlightly soluble in cold waterDecomposed by hot water[Merck Index] PowderIsoluble in water[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] |
| Flammpunkt | 1345°C |
| Lagerbedingungen | Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature |
| Aggregatzustand | Powder |
| Farbe | Pale green to green |
| Wichte | 4.98 |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(crystal): 0.38 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,2659 |
| Stabilität | Stable, but may be air or light sensitive. Incompatible with alkali metals, strong oxidizing agents. |
| InChI | 1S/BrH.Cu/h1H/q+1/p-1 |
| InChIKey | NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| SMILES | [Cu]Br |
| Hardness, Mohs | 2.5 |
| CAS Datenbank | 7787-70-4(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Copper(I) bromide(7787-70-4) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Copper bromide (CuBr) (7787-70-4) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH302+H312 (12.3%): Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, oralacute toxicity, dermal]P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 243 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Copper bromide (CuBr)Status: Active Update: 28-05-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/29323Copper bromide (CuBr): Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right. |
| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Copper bromide (CuBr): Human health tier I assessment |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | INHALATION: Irritation of upper respiratory tract. EYES: Irritation of conjunctivae. SKIN: Irritation, acne-like rash (usually from prolonged exposure). INGESTION: Vomiting caused by local irritant and astringent action of ionic Cu on stomach and intestines. Pain in mouth, esophagus, and stomach. Inorganic bromides produce depression, psychoses, and mental deterioration. (USCG, 1999) |
| Gefahrenübersicht | A skin, eye, and upper respiratory tract irritant[HSDB] Acute copper poisoning after ingestion can cause liver injury, methemoglobinemia, and hemolytic anemia. Acute renal failure may result, secondary to massive hemoglobinuria. [Goldfrank, p. 1259] A skin and strong eye irritantTargets the lungs and liver[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] See Bromine. See Copper. |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Non-Redox-Active Inorganic Compounds |
| Reactivity Profile | COPPER (I) BROMIDE has weak oxidizing or reducing powers. Redox reactions can however still occur. The majority of compounds in this class are slightly soluble or insoluble in water. If soluble in water, then the solutions are usually neither strongly acidic nor strongly basic. These compounds are not water-reactive. |
| Air and Water Reactions | Mixes slowly with water. |
| Toxic Combustion Products | WHEN STRONGLY HEATED, THEY EMIT HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF /HYDROGEN BROMIDE/. /BROMIDES/ |
| NIOSH Recommendations | Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m. /Copper (dusts and mists)/ |
| Clean Water Act Anforderungen | Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Copper and cmpd/ |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Acute Tox. 4 (75.3%) |
| Landesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | (AZ) ARIZONA 1300 ug/l /Copper/ |
| Erste Hilfe | Call a physician. |
| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | 0.01 [mg/m3], respirable fraction (Cu, inorganic cmpnds)[German Research Foundation (DFG)] |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. |
| Preventive Measures | SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place. |
| Minimum Risk Level | Acute Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (Copper) (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.01 mg/kg/day (Copper) (L134) |
| Threshold Limit Values (TLV) | 1.0 [mg/m3], as Cu8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 1 mg/cu m /Copper dusts and mists, as Cu/Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded. /Copper dusts and mists, as Cu/ |
| Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) | 1.0 [mg/m3], as Cu |
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Rubber gloves, safety glasses, and laboratory coat. (USCG, 1999)Rubber gloves, safety glasses, & lab coat. |
| Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) | 100.0 [mg/m3], as Cu |
| Treatment | EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration. |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | People must absorb small amounts of copper every day because copper is essential for good health, however, high levels of copper can be harmful. Very-high doses of copper can cause damage to your liver and kidneys, and can even cause death. Copper may induce allergic responses in sensitive individuals. Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (L625, L626, L627, L278, L279) |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
| Expositionspfade | Oral (L277)inhalation (L277)dermal (L277) |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | Excess copper is sequestered within hepatocyte lysosomes, where it is complexed with metallothionein. Copper hepatotoxicity is believed to occur when the lysosomes become saturated and copper accumulates in the nucleus, causing nuclear damage. This damage is possibly a result of oxidative damage, including lipid peroxidation. Copper inhibits the sulfhydryl group enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, and paraoxonases, which protect the cell from free oxygen radicals. It also influences gene expression and is a co-factor for oxidative enzymes such as cytochrome C oxidase and lysyl oxidase. In addition, the oxidative stress induced by copper is thought to activate acid sphingomyelinase, which lead to the production of ceramide, an apoptotic signal, as well as cause hemolytic anemia. Copper-induced emesis results from stimulation of the vagus nerve. Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (L626, L627, A543, L277, T49, A174, L280) |
| Signs and Symptoms | Breathing high levels of copper can cause irritation of the nose and throat. Ingesting high levels of copper can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, and respiratory difficulty. Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Symptoms include lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eye irritation with mucous secretions from the oropharyngeal and upper airways, coughing, dyspnoea, choking, wheezing, epistaxis, and headache. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant producing ataxia, slurred speech, tremor, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, visual disturbances, unsteadiness, headaches, impaired memory and concentration, disorientation and hallucinations. This is called bromism. (L626, L627, L278, L279) |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | Irritating to skin & eyes. ... Irritation to upper respiratory tract. |
| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
| Antidote and Emergency Treatment | Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Copper and related compounds/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Start an IV with lactated Ringer's /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Watch for signs of fluid overload. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine, hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Copper and related compounds/ |
| Federal Drinking Water Standards | EPA 1300 ug/l (Action Level) /Copper/ |
| Bundesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | EPA 1000 ug/l /Copper/ |
| F | 8-10-23 |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 3 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | 3260 |
| Zollcode | 28275900 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 36/37/38-22 |
| Gefahrensymbole | Xi |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 22-24/25-26-37/39 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 8Acute Tox. 4 DermalAcute Tox. 4 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1Eye Dam. 1Skin Irrit. 2 |
| Verpackungsgruppe | III |
| Lagerklasse | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 7787-70-4(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
As catalyst for organic reactions.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
It is prepared pyrometallurgically with copper metal and elemental bromine in a process similar to that for copper(I) chloride. It can also be produced by the reduction of copper(II) sulfate solutions in the presence of sodium bromide using metallic copper or sulfite as the reducing agent. Copper(I) bromide is used as a polymerization catalyst in organic reactions.