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Silicon tetrachloride

HCID 24816
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Grundinformationen

CAS
10026-04-7
Standard-SMILES
Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl
InChIKey
FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Summenformel
Cl4Si
Durchschnittliche Molmasse
169,9 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse
167,852337

Überblick

Silicon tetrachloride is a colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. It is decomposed by water to hydrochloric acid with evolution of heat. It is corrosive to metals and tissue in the presence of moisture. It is used in smoke screens, to make various silicon containing chemicals, and in chemical analysis.

Namen und Bezeichner

Bevorzugter Name
Silicon tetrachloride
IUPAC
tetrachlorosilane
Englischer Name
Silicon tetrachloride
Summenformel
CL4Si
Molmasse
169.8975

Namen und Synonyme

TetrachlorosilaneSILICON TETRACHLORIDE10026-04-7Silane, tetrachloro-Silicon chlorideTetrachlorosiliconChlorid kremicitySiliciumtetrachloridSilicio(tetracloruro di)SiliciumtetrachlorideSilicon chloride (SiCl4)Tetrachlorure de silicium
Weitere Namen anzeigen
Silicium(tetrachlorure de)96L75U0BM3DTXSID0029711Silicium MuriaticumRefChem:6221DTXCID009711233-054-0Silicon(IV) chloride

Datenbank-Bezeichner

CAS
10026-04-7
PubChem CID
24816
DTXSID
DTXSID0029711
UNII
96L75U0BM3
EC Number
233-054-0
Nikkaji
J95.221D

Eigenschaften

Berechnete StruktureigenschaftenWird ergänzt

Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)
0 Ų
H-Brücken-Donoren
0
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren
0
Frei drehbare Bindungen
0
Schwere Atome
5
Formalladung
0
Komplexität
19,1

Experimentelle und physikochemische Eigenschaften

Chemical Classes · 2 Einträge

Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Chlorosilanes

Corrosives

SpringerMaterials Properties29Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
OdorSuffocating odor
Density · 5 Einträge

1.48 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink

1.52 @ 0 °C/4 °C

Density: 1.90 @ -97 °C; Liq: 1.483 @ 20 °C; Decomp in alcohol

Relative density (water = 1): 1.48

1.482 @25 °C

Color/FormColorless, clear, mobile, fuming liquid
Solubility · 3 Einträge

Miscible with benzene, ether, chloroform, petroleum ether

Miscible in all proportions with carbon tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, titanium chloride, sulfur mono- & dichlorides

Solubility in water: reaction

CorrosivityCorrosive to most metals when water is present
Boiling Point · 5 Einträge

Sicherheit und Regulatorisches

Sicherheitsangaben dienen nur zur Orientierung und ersetzen weder das Sicherheitsdatenblatt (SDB) des Lieferanten noch geltende Vorschriften oder eine fachliche Bewertung.

GHS-Klassifizierung

GHS Classification · 6 Einträge

Warning

H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.2% (1 of 440) of reports.

Danger

H301+H331 (32.3%): Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]

Gefahrenhinweise

Hazards IdentificationWater-reactive material (WR)
Regulatory Information · 5 Einträge

Chemical: Silane, tetrachloro-

Silane, tetrachloro- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Silane, tetrachloro- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

REACH registered substance: Silicon tetrachloride (EC: 233-054-0)

Silane, tetrachloro-: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

DOT LabelCorrosive
Fire Hazards · 3 Einträge

Behavior in Fire: Contact with water in foam applied to adjacent fires will produce irritating fumes of hydrogen chloride. (USCG, 1999)

· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.

Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

Chemie und Industrie

Verwendung und Herstellung

Uses · 6 Einträge

Used to produce military smokescreens; Used to manufacture silicones, fused silica glass, fumed silica, silica fiber optic waveguides, transistors, and other chemical products; [HSDB]

Semiconductor Manufacturing [Category: Industry]

PRODUCING SMOKESCREENS IN WARFARE

IN MFR OF TRANSISTORS

MFR OF ETHYL SILICATE & SIMILAR COMPD; PRODUCTION OF SILICONES, MFR OF HIGH-PURITY SILICA & FUSED SILICA GLASS; SOURCE OF SILICA & HYDROGEN CHLORIDE; LABORATORY REAGENT

The overwhelming use for tetrachlorosilane is in the production of fumed silica. Also utilized in the production of tetraalkoxysilanes and silica fiber optic waveguides.

Impurities · 2 Einträge

Grades: Technical; 99.5%; CP (99.8%); semiconductor

Low purity tetrachlorosilane used as a raw material in the production of fumed silica contains some trichlorosilane as well as methyltrichlorosilane.

U.S. Production2023: 1,000,000,000 - <5,000,000,000 lb
Industry UsesHardener
Methods of Manufacturing · 5 Einträge

PREPARED FROM THE ELEMENTS.

HEATING SILICON DIOXIDE AND COKE IN A STREAM OF CHLORINE.

Can be manufactured directly by the reaction of chlorine on silicon metal or ferrosilicon at 500 °C or silicon carbide.

Industrial tetrachlorosilane derives from two processes associated with trichlorosilane, the direct reaction of hydrogen chloride on silicon primarily produced as an intermediate for fumed silica production, and as a byproduct in the disproportionation reaction of trichlorosilane to silane utilized in microelectronics.

Byproduct in the production of zirconium tetrachloride.

General Manufacturing Information · 4 Einträge

All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing

Silane, tetrachloro-: ACTIVE

The production of tetrachlorosilane directly by the reaction of chlorine on silicon was abandoned worldwide in the early 1980s.

The production of tetrachlorosilane as a byproduct of zirconium tetrachloride has decreased in the 1990s owing to reduction in demand for zirconium in nuclear facilities. Previously substantial quantites were produced by this route.

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135.7 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)

135.7 °F

59 °C

57 °C

57.57 °C @760 [mm Hg]

DecompositionWhen heated to decomp, it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride./
Melting Point · 4 Einträge

-94 °F (USCG, 1999)

-70 °C

-68 °C

-70 °C

Vapor Density · 2 Einträge

7.59 g/l

Relative vapor density (air = 1): 5.9

PolymerizationPolymerizes easily

Physikochemische Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt
-70 °C · -70 °C
Siedepunkt
59 °C · 59 °C
Dichte
1.52 g/cm3 · 1.52 g/cm3(Temp: 0 °C)
Fire Potential · 2 Einträge

NOT FLAMMABLE

CERTAIN STRONG CORROSIVES MAY, ON CONTACT WITH ORGANIC MATTER OR OTHER CHEMICALS, CAUSE FIRE... /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/

Health Hazards · 2 Einträge

Inhalation causes severe irritation of upper respiratory tract resulting in coughing, choking, and a feeling of suffocation; continued inhalation may produce ulceration of the nose, throat, and larynx; if inhaled deeply, edema of the lungs may occur. Contact of liquid with eyes causes severe irritation and painful burns; may cause permanent visual impairment. Liquid may cause severe burns of skin. Repeated skin contact with dilute solutions or exposure to concentrated vapors may cause dermatitis. Ingestion causes severe internal injury with pain in the throat and stomach, intense thirst, difficulty in swallowing, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; in severe cases, collapse and unconsciousness may result. (USCG, 1999)

· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death.

Hazards Summary · 1 Eintrag

Decomposes in water to release hydrochloric acid; [Merck Index # 8500] Contact can cause severe burns to skin and eyes; Inhalation can cause pulmonary edema; [CAMEO] Silicon tetrachloride is a skin irritant. [Quick CPC] Corrosive to rabbit skin when applied undiluted; In a spill accident, several people were treated for burning of the eyes and respiratory tract; in most cases, symptoms cleared within 24 hours; [AIHA]

DOT ID and Guide1818 157
Reactive GroupChlorosilanes
EC ClassificationSymbol: Xi; R: 14-36/37/38; S: (2)-7/8-26
UN ClassificationUN Hazard Class: 8; UN Pack Group: II
Reactivity AlertsWater-Reactive

Sicherheit und Schutzausrüstung

Fire Fighting · 2 Einträge

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:

NO water. In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. NO direct contact with water.

First Aid Measures · 4 Einträge

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention . Wear protective gloves when administering first aid.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give nothing to drink. Refer for medical attention .

Accidental Release Measures · 2 Einträge

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

First Aid · 2 Einträge

Get medical attention at once following any exposure to this compound.

General First Aid:

Safe StorageKeep under inert gas. Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Dry. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room.
Firefighting HazardsContact with water in foam applied to adjacent fires will produce irritating fumes of hydrogen chloride.
Exposure Control and Personal Protection · 2 Einträge

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

Fire Fighting Procedures · 2 Einträge

DO NOT USE WATER OR FOAM ON ADJACENT FIRES.

Materials and methods used for the field testing of foams on silicon tetrachloride are described. Two foams were tested incl a high water retention foam with stability over a wide pH range & an ammoniated foam that converts the chlorine portion of the foams to ammonium chloride rather than hydrogen chloride. Results show the application of foam significantly reduced the vapor hazard from spilled silicon tetrachloride.

Storage Conditions · 3 Einträge

Storage temperature: ambient.

IN THE ABSENCE OF WATER IT HAS PRACTICALLY NO ACTION ON IRON, STEEL, OR THE COMMON METALS AND ALLOYS, AND CAN BE STORED AND HANDLED IN METAL EQUIPMENT WITHOUT DANGER.

ALL CONTAINERS, PIPES, APPARATUS, INSTALLATIONS & STRUCTURES USED FOR MFR, STORAGE, TRANSPORT OR USE OF THESE SUBSTANCES MUST BE OF MATERIAL RESISTANT TO CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES OR BE PROTECTED BY SUITABLE COATINGS... ALL CONTAINERS OR RECEPTACLES SHOULD BE CLEARLY LABELLED TO INDICATE THEIR CONTENTS & SHOULD BEAR DANGER SYMBOL FOR CORROSIVES. /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/

Cleanup MethodsSpills can be rendered harmless by anhydrous soda.
Nonfire Spill ResponseExcerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:
Disposal Methods · 2 Einträge

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

/LABORATORY QUANTITIES/: Chemical treatment: Transfer into an evaporating dish containing sodium bicarbonate. Spray with ammonia (6m-NH4OH) /6 M-ammonium hydroxide/ while stirring and then spread with crushed ice. Continue spraying with ammonia until the smoke of ammonium chloride partly subsides and add iced water while stirring. Neutralize and slowly transfer the mixture into a drain with running water.

Toxikologische Informationen

Adverse EffectsDermatotoxin - Skin burns.
Exposure RoutesThe substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.
Signs and Symptoms · 4 Einträge

Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Pain. Blisters. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.

Human Toxicity Excerpts · 5 Einträge

MAY BE IRRITATING TO EYES ...

A spill of silicon tetrachloride caused the evacuation of several thousand people from an industrial park; 28 persons sought medical attention. Five of the workers experienced recurrent headaches, and two complained of pedal dysesthesias after the accident. Although temporal relationship between the exposure and onset of these symptoms is notable, no definite etiologic relationship could be established.

.../CHLOROSILANES/ CONSIDERED NON-CORROSIVE IN THEIR NATURAL, DRY STATE MAY BECOME CORROSIVE WHEN IN CONTACT WITH WATER OR MOISTURE OF SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANES. ...DURING...HYDROLYSIS, CORROSIVE HALOGEN COMPOUNDS ARE RELEASED. /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/

THERE IS...NO EVIDENCE OF SILICOSIS-TYPE LESIONS IN PERSONS HANDLING CHLOROSILANES. /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SILICON TETRACHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts · 3 Einträge

VAPOR IS IRRITATING TO EYES & RESP TRACT, & A SMALL DROP OF ... /TETRACHLOROSILANE/ ON RABBIT EYES CAUSES SEVERE DAMAGE.

/WHEN INSTILLED/...INTO EYE OF RABBIT ALL THESE COMPD /METHYL & ETHYL CHLOROSILANES/, EVEN @ VERY LOW DOSES (0.05 ML), CAUSED SEVERE BURNS OF CORNEA & EYELIDS. .../WHEN APPLIED/ TO SKIN OF RABBIT THE REGION ATTACKED BY CHLOROSILANES BLANCHES & BLISTERS APPEAR; ACTION IS MORE MARKED THE DAMPER SURFACE OF SKIN. /CHLOROSILANES/

/VIA INHALATION/ THEY HAVE A CORROSIVE ACTION WHEN BROUGHT INTO CONTACT WITH MUCOUS MEMBRANES. /CHLOROSILANES/

Antidote and Emergency Treatment · 2 Einträge

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Chlorine and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's to support vital signs if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider vasopressors to treat hypotension without signs of hypovolemia ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Chlorine and related compounds/

Toxicity DataLC50 (rat) = 8,000 ppm/4H

Regulatorische Informationen

DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI) · 4 Einträge

Silicon tetrachloride

A Commercial Grade

A Placarded Amount

Chemical or material that can be mixed with readily available materials.

Sicherheitsdaten

ridadr
UN 1818
hazard_class
8
packing_group
II