Bis(nitrato-O)dioxouran
UO2(NO3)2 · Uranyl dinitrate · D014502 · URANYL NITRATE · Nitrate, uranyl · Nitrate, uranium · URANYL(2+)NITRATE,SOLID · Uranium, bis(nitrato-o)dioxo-, (T-4)-
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 10102-06-4 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | H2N2O8U |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 396,05 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 396,0319 g/mol |
| SMILES | O=[N+]([O-])O.O=[N+]([O-])O.[O]=[U]=[O] |
| InChIKey | MKYNHKOAYQRSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 24933 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID2037136 |
| Lokaler Name | Bis(nitrato-O)dioxouran |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 166 |
|---|---|
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 2 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 8 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 11 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 116 |
| Schmelzpunkt | 60.2°C |
| Siedepunkt | 118°C |
| Dichte | 2.807 |
| Löslichkeit | soluble in ethyl ether127 at 25℃ |
| Aggregatzustand | yellow-green solid |
| Farbe | yellow crystals, crystalline |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Uranyl nitrate (10102-06-4) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| Minimum Risk Level | Intermediate Inhalation: 0.0004 mg/m3 (Soluble uranium salts) (L134) Chronic Inhalation: 0.0003 mg/m3 (Soluble uranium salts) (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.002 mg/kg/day (Soluble uranium salts) (L134) Intermediate Inhalation: 0.008 mg/m3 (Insoluble uranium compounds) (L134) |
|---|---|
| Treatment | Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613) |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Uranium primarily damages the kidney, but may also damage the lungs, central nervous system, and immune system. Uranium's radioactivity is believed to damage the DNA, resulting in carcinogenic effects and reproductive and developmental damage. Nitrate and nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137, L248, L249) |
| Expositionspfade | Oral (L249)inhalation (L249)dermal (L249) |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | Uranium is combined with either bicarbonate or a plasma protein in the blood but once in the kidney, it is released and forms complexes with phosphate ligands and proteins in the tubular wall, causing damage. Uranium may also inhibit both sodium transport-dependent and independent ATP utilization and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the renal proximal tubule. Uranium causes respiratory diseases by damaging alveolar epithelium type II cells in the lungs. Uranium induces c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) activation, which in turn induces tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion and generates and inflammatory response in the lungs. Studies have shown that the more soluble the uranium salt, the more toxic it is. Ionizing radiation produced by uranium damages the DNA, resulting in gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations. This can both both initiate and promote carcinogenesis, and interfere with reproduction and development. Nitrate's toxicity is a result of it's conversion to nitrite once in the body. Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613, L249, A160) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
Uranyl nitrate is a yellow poisonous crystal made by dissolving uranic oxide in nitric acid. It is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. First suggested by C. J. Burnett in 1855, a uranyl nitrate printing process was patented by Niépce de St. Victor in 1858. The paper was floated on a uranyl nitrate solution and dried in the dark. The paper was exposed under a negative in the sun until a faint image appeared. The image was developed to completion by floating the paper on a solution of silver nitrate or gold chloride followed by washing. A process patented in 1864 by Jacob Wothly called for adding uranyl nitrate and silver to collodion, which was then applied to paper. The Wothlytype was a printing-out process. Uranyl nitrate was used in printing-out emulsions and with potassium ferricyanide for toning prints and intensifying negatives. It was also used with silver nitrate for making uranium/ silver gaslight papers.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
Uranyl nitrate is obtained as an intermediate in recovering uranium from its minerals. The compound can be prepared by reacting triuranium octaoxide, U3O8, with nitric acid. It is separated and purified by extraction with ether.