Coffein
Caffine · CAFFEIN · COFFEIN · 1,3,7-TRIMETHYLXANTHINE · 1,3,7-Trimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione · Cafeina · Natural Caffeine · 1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 58-08-2 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C8H10N4O2 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 194,19 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 194,08037556 g/mol |
| SMILES | Cn1c(=O)c2c(ncn2C)n(C)c1=O |
| InChIKey | RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 2519 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL113 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:27732 |
| EC No. | 200-362-1 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID0020232 |
| Lokaler Name | Coffein |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | -0,1 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 58,4 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 3 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 14 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 293 |
| Stoffklassen | Biological Agents -> Plant ToxinsStimulantWaste-water effluent contaminant |
| Arzneimittel | DEA NFLIS-Drug Category -> StimulantsPharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15Pharmaceuticals -> AnalgesicsPharmaceuticals -> Metabolite of Theophylline |
| Kosmetika | Cosmetics ingredient -> Conditioning/EmollientMoisturizing/HumectantOther (Specify)Cosmetic ingredients (Caffeine) -> CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review)Skin conditioning |
| pH | pH = 6.9 (1% solution)pH (10g/l, 25℃) : 5.5～6.5 |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Boiling point |
| Pestizide | Other TreatmentActive substance -> EU Pesticides database: Not approved |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | log Kow = -0.07 |
| Geruch | Odorless |
| Geschmack | Bitter taste |
| Lebensmittelzusatzstoffe | FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT -> FDA Substance added to food |
| Dichte | 1.23 at 64 °F (NTP, 1992) - Denser than waterwill sink1.23 at 18 °C/4 °C1.23 g/cm³ |
| Aromastoffe | EU Flavoring substances |
| Schmelzpunkt | 234-236.5 °C(lit.) |
| Siedepunkt | 178°C |
| Dampfdruck | 20 hPa ( 80 °C) |
| FEMA | 2224 | CAFFEINE |
| Brechungsindex | 1.6590 (estimate) |
| Flammpunkt | 178°C |
| Lagerbedingungen | 2-8°C |
| Löslichkeit | Sparingly soluble in water, freely soluble in boiling water, slightly soluble in ethanol (96 per cent). It dissolves in concentrated solutions of alkali benzoates or salicylates.20 g/L (20 ºC) |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | pKa 0.6 (Uncertain) |
| Aggregatzustand | Crystals or Crystalline Powder |
| Farbe | Silky white or white |
| Geruch | at 100.00 %. odorless |
| Geruchsart | odorless |
| Merck | 14,1636 |
| BRN | 17705 |
| Henry-Konstante | 9.0×105 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015) |
| Stabilität | Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, iodine, silver salts, tannins. Weakly light sensitive in solution. |
| Kosmetik-Inhaltsstoffe Funktionen | FRAGRANCESKIN CONDITIONINGPERFUMING |
| InChI | 1S/C8H10N4O2/c1-10-4-9-6-5(10)7(13)12(3)8(14)11(6)2/h4H,1-3H3 |
| InChIKey | RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | [n]1(c2c(nc1)N(C(=O)N(C2=O)C)C)C |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | -0.07 |
| CAS Datenbank | 58-08-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Caffeine(58-08-2) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Caffeine (58-08-2) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | WarningH302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P264, P270, P301+P317, P330, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.6% (13 of 2217) of reports.H302 (98.9%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral] |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: 1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 (Repealed by Com. Implementing Reg. (EU) No 872/2012)Reg. (EU) 2024/2766Status: Active Update: 20-09-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/10085Caffeine: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Poison |
| Brandgefahren | Flash point data for this chemical are not availablehowever, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| Brandpotenzial | Combustible. |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include central nervous system stimulation, less drowsiness, less fatigue, more rapid and clearer flow of thought, decreased reaction time, affects on muscular coordination, accurate timing and arithmetic skills, nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, tremors and hyperesthesia. At higher doses, symptoms include focal and generalized convulsions, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, apnea of preterm infants, vomiting, nausea, effects on circulatory system, small decreases in heart rate, tachycardia, arrhythmias, premature ventricular contractions and vasodilation. Overdosage may cause death, emesis, convulsions, excitement, mild delirium, sensory disturbances such as ringing in the ears and flashes of light, tense and tremulous muscles, extrasystoles and quickened respiration. Continued excessive use may lead to digestive disturbances, constipation, palpitations, shortness of breath and depressed mental states. Other symptoms may include pulmonary edema, myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation, stomach cramps, chills, cerebral edema and hypokalemia. It may also cause rapid pulse, hallucinations, photophobia, gastroenteric distress and diuresis. Anxiety and irritability may occur. Gastric irritation, headache, fever, agitation, hyperventilation and respiratory failure may also occur. Dizziness has been reported. It may also cause irritation of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and respiratory tract. |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Beschreibung
Coffein ist ein Alkaloid und bildet farblose, in Wasser unlösliche, bitter schmeckende Kristalle. Es wirkt im Körper als Analeptikum und wird auch therapeutisch verwendet. Es kommt auch in einer Vielzahl von Pflanzen vor (Tee, Kaffeebohne, Kolanuss usw.).
Beschreibung
Caffeine is an alkaloid purine belonging to the group of organic compounds called methylxanthines. Pure caffeine is a white, crystalline, bitter-tasting compound. Caffeine is found in a number of plants, principally coffee and tea plants, as well as cola and cacao nuts. In plants, caffeine functions as a natural pesticide to deter insects.
Occurrence
Reported found in coffee and guarana.
History
Runge isolated caff eine from coffee in 1819. Caffeine derives its name from the Kaffa region of Ethiopia. Caffeine comes from the German kaffeine, which in turn is derived from the German word for coffee, kaffee. In 1827, a compound isolated from tea was named theine, but this was eventually shown to be caffeine.
Verwenden
Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug and a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding on the plants. In humans, caffeine acts as a central nervous system stimulant, temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. Caffeine is a cardiac and respiratory stimulant; diuretic. Caffeine is toxic at sufficiently high doses.