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HCID 25423Erstellt: 27. Oktober 2026

Chloramid

MONOCHLORAMINE · Chloroamine · 8817 · chloramide · chloralamide · Monochloramide · Chloralformamide · Monochloroammonia

https://huagongshe.com/de/chemical/25423

Molekülstruktur von Chloramid

Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten

CAS No.10599-90-3
SummenformelClH2N
Durchschnittliche Molmasse51,47 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse50,98757674 g/mol
SMILESNCl
InChIKeyQDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID25423
ChEBICHEBI:82415
EC No.234-217-9
DTXSIDDTXSID8023842
Lokaler NameChloramid

Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften

XLogP0,1
Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)26
H-Brücken-Donoren1
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren1
Frei drehbare Bindungen0
Schwere Atome2
Formalladung0
Komplexität2
StoffklassenNitrogen Compounds -> Other Nitrogen Compounds
SpringerMaterials PropertiesSchoenflies notation
PestizidePesticide -> EPA IRIS
Color/FormYELLOW LIQUIDColorless liquid
LöslichkeitSoluble (NTP, 1992)Soluble in water, alcohol and etherSOL IN COLD WATER, ETHERVERY SLIGHTLY SOL IN CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, BENZENEsoluble in H2O, ethanol, ethyl ethersoluble in benzene, ctc10g/L at 25℃
DecompositionWhen heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and hydrogen chloride/.Decomposes (slowly in dilute solution) to form nitrogen, hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride.
Schmelzpunkt-87 °F (NTP, 1992)-66 °C
Food Contact SubstancesFCS -> FDA Cumulative Estimated Daily Intake (CEDI)FCS -> FDA Inventory of Effective Food Contact Substance (FCS) Notifications
Physical DescriptionChloramine is a colorless to yellow liquid with a strong pungent odor. (NTP, 1992)Colorless to yellow liquid with a strong pungent odor[CAMEO]
Stability/Shelf LifeUnstable
Other Experimental PropertiesDry material decomposes violently at -50 °Cwhen heated to decomposition emits NOx, NH3 and Cl-.Dilute solutions slowly decompose to N2, HCl and NH4Cl.Monochloramine is oxidized by ozone faster than ammonia
Dichte1.180±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
Dampfdruck32hPa at 25℃
pKa (Säurekonstante)-1.03±0.70(Predicted)
Farbeyellow liquid
Henry-Konstante8.6×10-1 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Burkholder et al. (2019)
StabilitätUnstable. Solvent-free material decomposes violently. Light, air and heat sensitive. Reacts with oxidizing agents.
LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient)-1.19
CAS Datenbank10599-90-3
EPA chemische InformationenChloramine (10599-90-3)

Sicherheit & Vorschriften

GHS-EinstufungThis chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 40% (2 of 5) of reports.DangerH290 (40%): May be corrosive to metals [Warning Corrosive to Metals]P234, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P316, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P363, P390, P403+P233, P405, P406, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 5 reports by companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Regulatorische InformationenChemical: ChloramideStatus: Active Update: 01-12-2016 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/11207
DOT-KennzeichnungCorrosive Oxidizer
BrandgefahrenFlash point data for this compound are not availablehowever, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)
GesundheitsgefahrenSYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound include eye and respiratory tract irritationcorrosive effects to gastrointestinal tract (upon ingestion)nausea and vomiting.
GefahrenübersichtChloramide vapor may be formed from the mixing of hypochlorite bleach and ammonia in household products. It is a skin and respiratory irritant, but there are no reports of serious sequelae following human inhalation exposures. Chloramide at high concentrations can cause pulmonary edema in animal experiments. Methemoglobinemia due to chloramines in the dialysate was reported in dialysis patients. [HSDB]
Reaktive GruppeAmines, Phosphines, and Pyridines
Special ReportsWHOEnviron Health Criteria 216: Disinfectants and Disinfectant By-Products (2000). Available from: http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc216.htm as of July 6, 2005.
RCRA-AnforderungenD003A solid waste containing chloramine may become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to testing for reactivity as stipulated in 40 CFR 261.23, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste.
Reactivity ProfileCHLORAMINE is sensitive to light, temperature and pH change. It is stable in ethereal solution. The solvent-free material decomposes violently. This compound reacts with oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)
Air and Water ReactionsWater soluble
EPA Hazardous Waste NumberD003A waste containing chloramine may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations
Hazard Classes and CategoriesMet. Corr. 1 (40%)
BrandbekämpfungFires involving this chemical can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)
Erste HilfeEYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
Freisetung ohne BrandSMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.
EntsorgungsverfahrenSRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
Isolation and EvacuationExcerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)0.28 [mg/m3]3.1 [mg/m3]18 [mg/m3]
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: If Tyvek-type disposable protective clothing is not worn during handling of this chemical, wear disposable Tyvek-type sleeves taped to your gloves.
WechselwirkungenMonochloramine inhibited purified rat liver enzymes, N10-formyl tetrahyrdofolate dehydrogenase (0.56-3.35 uM) and formaldehyde dehydrogenase (2.7-101 uM), in vitro.Chlorination of water containing HCH, heptachlor, metaphos, or chlorophos with chloramine increased /the/ toxicity of pesticides to mice and rats by conversion of pesticides to more toxic products. Organophoshorus pesticides were enhanced more than organochlorine pesticides. Toxic effects given.
ÖkotoxizitätswerteLC50 Notropis atherinoides (Emerald shiner) 0.63 mg/L 40 min exposures at 5 hr intervals for 24 hr10 °CLC50 Notropis atherinoides (Emerald shiner) 0.51 mg/L 40 min exposures at 5 hr intervals for 24 hr20 °CLC50 Notropis atherinoides (Emerald shiner) 0.35 mg/L 40 min exposures at 5 hr intervals for 24 hr30 °CLC50 Notropis cornutus (Common shiner) 0.78 mg/L 40 min exposures at 5 hr intervals for 24 hrFor more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for CHLORAMINE (41 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
UmweltverhaltenAQUATIC FATE: Dilute solutions of chloramine slowly decompose to form nitrogen gas, hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride(1,2). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2005).
Unerwünschte WirkungenMethemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the bloodthe compound is classified as secondary toxic effect
Ökotoxizitätsauszüge/BIRDS and MAMMALS/ A study of plasma cholesterol and thyroid hormone levels was conducted in white Carneau pigeons treated with various disinfectants. Increases in plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed with 2 and 15 ppm hypochlorite and 15 ppm chloramine and chlorine dioxide when administered with a high cholesterol diet. These changes appear to be correlated with an increase in the size of atherosclerotic plaques and a very large decrease in T4 and T3 concentrations in serum. It must be noted that these results are substantially different from those observed in primates, in an independent study of pigeons, in rats, and in humans receiving comparable treatments with a variety of disinfectants, including chloramine./AQUATIC SPECIES/ Exposure of goldfish to 0.1 to more than 0.5 mg/L for 96 hr resulted in no mortalities. Several fish exhibited stress, excessive mucus production, and rapid operculation at approximately 1.0 mg/L. In 5 trials of 26 fish only 2 died. Toxicity increased with increasing temperature./AQUATIC SPECIES/ Medium tolerance limit/96 hr for Coho salmon varied according to life stage. Toxicity increased at pH 8.1. Continuous exposure to concentration up to 47 ug/L did not affect survival, development or hatching of eggs. Alevins showed lethargic behavior after hatching (concentration 23-47 ug/L)./AQUATIC SPECIES/ The differential effects of free Cl and chloramine on stage I larvae of H. americanus were investigated in continuous flow bioassay units. Applied chloramine was more toxic than corresponding concentrations of applied free Cl to lobster larvae... . The synergistic effect of temperature on the toxicity of both free Cl and chloramine was also demonstrated. ...The action of each toxicant appeared to be an alteration of standard metabolic activity as revealed by changes in respiration rates during and after exposure to applied free Cl and chloramine. Initial respiratory stress was detected during exposure to 0.05 mg/L applied chloramine... . Reductions in respiration rates 48 hr after exposure were observed with exposure to all concentrations tested... .For more Ecotoxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CHLORAMINE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
EPA IRIS InformationMonochloramine1 x 10 ^-1 mg/kg-day
Human Toxicity Excerpts/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Forty-eight men completed an 8-wk protocol during which diet and other factors known to affect lipid metabolism were controlled. During the first 4 weeks of the protocol, all subjects consumed distilled water. During the second 4 weeks, one-third of the subjects were assigned randomly to drink 1.5 litres of water containing 0, 2 or 15 mg of monochloramine per litre each day. At 2 mg/L, no significant changes were observed in total, HDL or LDL cholesterol, triglycerides or apolipoproteins A1, A2 or B. Parameters of thyroid function were unchanged. However, an increase in the level of apolipoprotein B was observed at 15 mg/L./HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Differences between 24 responders and nine non-responders to chloramine in dialysis fluid /were studied/. The initial water analysis indicated a concentration of 0.19 mg/L chloramine in the water supply. An inverse correlation between concentrations of serum GSH and hemoglobin was observed in these patients./HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ In a rising dose tolerance study, groups of 10 adult male volunteers drank two 500 mL portions of water containing 0.01, 1.0, 8, 18, or 24 mg/L chloramine, or hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, sodium chlorate or chlorine dioxide or served as controls. A battery of measures, including blood and urine biochemistry, blood cell counts and morphology, and physical examination were conducted following each dose. No statistically significant changes were noted in the chloramine-treated group./HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ 10 volunteers were required to drink a 500 mL portion of water containing 5ppm [5 mg/L] chloramine daily for 12 weeks followed by an 8 week washout period. The volunteers were required to consume the entire 500 mL portion within 15 min. /A battery of measures, including blood and urine biochemistry, blood cell counts and morphology, and physical examination were conducted following each dose./ The only statistically significant change in the chloramine treated group was an increase in triiodothyronine (T3) uptake. However, this change remained within the normal range and was considered to be clinically irrelevant.For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CHLORAMINE (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Artificial Pollution SourcesChloramine is used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of various amines and hydrazine(1) and as a disinfectant in drinking water for systems in which free chlorine radicals are difficult to maintain(2). Chloramine can be formed in situ by the combination of ammonia and chlorine containing agents under basic conditions(2). Decomposition of the pure material at temperatures above -50 °C(2) indicate that this compound will not be released to the environment as a pure substance.INORGANIC CHLORAMINES ARE FREQUENT CONSTITUENTS OF CHLORINATED WASTE & NATURAL WATERS.
Carcinogen ClassificationChloramineGroup 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humansVolume 84: (2004) Some Drinking-water Disinfectants and Contaminants, including Arsenic2002
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The effect of monochloramine on skin irritation was tested by immersing Sencar mice into water containing chloramine at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 mg/L for 10 min a day /for 4 days/. Unlike hypochlorous acid (pH 6.5) or hypochlorite (pH 8.5), chloramine did not produce hyperplasia of the skin./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Rabbits under 3 wk of age perished from lethal dose of chloramine of 40-50 mg/kg with symptoms of protracted collapse and without manifestations of edema./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ For rabbits older than 3 wk lethal dose of chloramine was 60-70 mg/kg. Death occurred with acute edema of lungs./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In young rabbits typical edema of lungs occurred only with administration of high doses of chloramine, 200-250 mg/kg. Edematous fluid is present in small amount onlythere is prevalence of hemorrhage. GSH decreased.For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CHLORAMINE (36 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Evidence for CarcinogenicityCLASSIFICATION: Dnot classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: Based on inadequate human data and equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity from animal bioassays. A 2-year bioassay showed a marginal increase in mononuclear cell leukemia in female F344/N rats. No evidence of carcinogenic activity was reported in male rats or in male or female B6C3F1 mice. Genotoxicity studies, both in vitro and in vivo, gave negative results. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Inadequate.
Environmental Abiotic DegradationChloramine half-lives ranging from 9 to 420 hours have been reported in water(1). Dilute solutions of chloramine slowly decompose to form nitrogen gas, hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride(2).
Landesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser(ME) MAINE 660 ug/L
Federal Drinking Water StandardsEPA 4000 ug/L
Bundesrichtlinien für TrinkwasserEPA 4000 ug/L
TSCA-Inventar-StatusTSCA listed
UN-Transportnummer3093
Gefahrenklasse8
VerpackungsgruppeII
Gefahrstoffdaten10599-90-3(Hazardous Substances Data)