1-Chlorpropan-2-ol

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 2(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-chloro-2-propanol is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-chloro-2-propanol from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.7X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), obtained using a fragment constant estimation method(3). The potential for volatilization of 1-chloro-2-propanol from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 4.9 mm Hg(4). The importance of biodegradation of 1-chloro-2-propanol in soil is unknown(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 2(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-chloro-2-propanol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.7X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 150 days and 3 years, respectively(SRC), using an estimation method(3). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(3,SRC), from an estimated log Kow(6,SRC), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A neutral first-order hydrolysis rate constant of 1.1X10-8 1/s for 1-chloro-2-propanol corresponds to a half-life of 2 years a pH 7(7), the half-life for hydrolysis at pH 8 is expected to be approximately 1 month by analogy to 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol(SRC). The importance of biodegradation of 1-chloro-2-propanol in water is unknown(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-chloro-2-propanol, which has a vapor pressure of 4.9 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-chloro-2-propanol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 days(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 3.19X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).

1-chloro-2-propanol was qualitatively detected as a volatile component of meat(1). 1-Chloro-2-propanol may be formed in foods (e.g., flour, pepper, cocoa, walnut meat, tapioca starch, glazed cherries, glazed citron, and dehydrated potato granules) fumigated with propylene oxide(2).

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=127-00-4]

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 1-chloro-2-propanol can be estimated to be about 2(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-chloro-2-propanol is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

1-Chloro-2-propanol,Technical

TR-477: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 1-Chloro-2-Propanol (Technical Grade) (CASRN 127-00-4) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Drinking Water Studies) (1998 )

12/10/97

No Evidence

No Evidence

No Evidence

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for 1-chloro-2-propanol(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.53(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

The Henry's Law constant for 1-chloro-2-propanol is estimated as 1.7X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1-chloro-2-propanol is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as approximately 150 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as approximately 3 years(SRC). 1-Chloro-2-propanol's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 1-chloro-2-propanol from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 4.9 mm Hg(3).

PROPYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN RATED 7 ON RABBIT EYES, ...TESTED EXTERNALLY ON EYES OF RABBITS &...RATED NUMERICALLY ON SCALE OF 1-10 ACCORDING TO DEGREE OF INJURY... AFTER 24 HR /OBSERVATION/, PAYING PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO CONDITION OF CORNEA. MOST SEVERE INJURIES HAVE BEEN RATED 10. /PROPYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN/

MUTAGENICITY FOR SALMONELLA OF SOME MONO- & DI-HALOPROPANOLS STUDIED REVEALED THAT 1-CHLORO-2-PROPANOL WAS AMONG THOSE MUTAGENIC FOR SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM. TA1535 BUT NOT FOR TA1538. /SRP: AMES TEST/

Rats given 15 exposures by inhalation (6 hr each) of 250 ppm 1-chloro-2-propanol displayed lethargy, irregular weight gains, congestion, and perivascular edema in the lungs. At 100 ppm, the lungs were observed congested with perivascular edema; no effects were observed at 30 ppm. In a 21 day oral study, rats were dosed with either 7.6, 25.4, or 76 mg/kg/day propylene chlorohydrin ... . No systemic toxicity was observed.

In a 13 week study, Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed by oral gavage with 1, 7, and 50 mg/kg/day propylene chlorohydrin (75:25 1-chloro-2-propanol and 2-chloro-1-propanol). ... No findings of note except for histopathological changes in the acinar cells of the pancreas.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 2-PROPANOL, 1-CHLORO- (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1-chloro-2-propanol with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.19X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A neutral first-order hydrolysis rate constant of 1.1X10-8 1/s corresponds to a half-life of 2 years a pH 7(2). By analogy to 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol which has a base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 850 L/mole-hour(3), 1-chloro-2-propanol is expected to have a half-live of approximately 1 month at pH 8(4,SRC). 1-Chloro-2-propanol is not expected to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental spectrum(5).

Occupational exposure to 1-chloro-2-propanol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-chloro-2-propanol is produced or used(SRC). The general population may be exposed to 1-chloro-2-propanol via food fumigated with propylene oxide(1).