HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemie-Druckbericht · Nur für Forschungszwecke
1,2-Benzoldicarbonsure, Di-C9-11-verzweigte Alkylester, C10-reich
DIDP · DIISODECYL PHTHALATE · DIISODEYLPHTHALATE · PHTHALIC ACID, BIS-ISODECYL ESTER · 1,2-Benzenedicarboxy · diisodecylphthalate(didp) · Diisodecyl Phthalate, 99.6% · PHTHALIC ACID DIISODECYL ESTER
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 119394-45-5 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C28H46O4 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 446,7 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 446,33960995 g/mol |
| SMILES | CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C |
| InChIKey | ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 33599 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL3183266 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:34709 |
| EC No. | 201-884-2 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID50274032 |
| Lokaler Name | 1,2-Benzoldicarbonsure, Di-C9-11-verzweigte Alkylester, C10-reich |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 10,6 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 52,6 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 4 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 20 |
| Schwere Atome | 32 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 442 |
| Stoffklassen | Phthalate |
| Polymers | Plastics & Rubber -> Phthalate Esters |
| Kosmetika | Cosmetics ingredient -> Fragrance |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | 4.9 |
| Geruch | Mild odor |
| Plasticizers | Plasticizers |
| Dichte | 0.967 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than waterwill float0.966 g/cu cm at 20 °CBulk density: 8 lb/galRelative density (water = 1): 0.960.965 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.) |
| Viscosity | 108 cP at 20 °C |
| Color/Form | Clear liquid |
| Löslichkeit | Insoluble (NTP, 1992)In water, 0.28 mg/L at 25 °CSoluble in organic solventsInsoluble in glycerol, glycols and some aminesMore soluble in crude sweat than in water and increasing solubility with pH riseSolubility in water: noneChloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly) |
| Corrosivity | MAY ATTACK SOME FORMS OF PLASTICS |
| Flammpunkt | 450 °F (NTP, 1992)275 °C (527 °F) - closed cup450 °F (232 °C) (Open cup)229 °C c.c.435 |
| Schmelzpunkt | -54 |
| Siedepunkt | 256 (5mm) |
| Pour Point | -40 |
| Brechungsindex | n20/D 1.486 |
| Lagerbedingungen | Refrigerator |
| Aggregatzustand | Oil |
| Farbe | Colorless |
| CAS Datenbank | 68515-49-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | C10-Rich di-C9-11-branched alkyl phthalates (68515-49-1) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 53.8% (157 of 292) of all reports.WarningH400 (21.2%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]P273, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 292 reports by companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.Not Classified |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-diisodecyl esterRegulation (EC) No 178/2002 (amended)1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-diisodecyl ester is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-diisodecyl ester are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)PMN - indicates a commenced PMN (Pre-Manufacture Notices) substance.Restricted substance: Di-âisodecylâ phthalate (DIDP)1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisodecyl ester: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisodecyl ester: Human health tier I assessment |
| Brandgefahren | This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992) |
| Brandpotenzial | Combustible |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | No symptoms reported for any rate of exposure. (USCG, 1999) |
| Gefahrenübersicht | An irritant[Hawley] Oral LD50 (rat) = 64,000 mg/kg[ChemIDplus] A skin and eye irritantMay cause liver injury[ICSC] Like dioctyl phthalate, it may cause CNS depression and mild liver toxicity after ingestion of large amounts[HSDB] A mild skin and eye irritantDi-isodecyl phthalate is a complex mixture containing mainly C10-branched isomers, with a mean formula, C28-H46-O4 and a mean molecular weight of 446.68. There are two di-isodecyl phthalate products (DIDP), with two different CAS Nos. (26761-40-0 and 68515-49-1), which contain a number of components. The main chemical structures or chain structures present in DIDP, include trimethylheptyl, dimethyloctyl, methylnonyl and n-decyl. [CHEMINFO] May cause irritation[MSDSonline] See PHTHALATE ESTERS. See 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C9-11-branched alkyl esters, C10-rich. |
| FDA-Anforderungen | Diisodecyl phthalate is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives. |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters |
| Special Reports | Nat'l Research Council CanadaPhthalate Esters In The Aquatic Environment (1980) NRCC No. 17583USEPAAmbient Water Quality Criteria Doc: Phthalate Esters (1980) EPA 440/5-80-067Health & Welfare CanadaPhthalic Acid Esters (1980) Report # 80-EDH-62European Chemicals BureauIUCLID Dataset, Di-isodecyl phthate (26762-40-0), 56 pp. (2000 CD-ROM edition).[Available from, as of April 18, 2008: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/]DHHS/NTPCERHR Monograph on the Potential Human Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Diisodecyl Phthalate (DIDP), 247 pp. (2003) NIH Publication No. 03-4485.[Available from, as of April 17, 2008: http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/evals/index.html] |
| TSCA-Anforderungen | Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisodecyl ester is included on this list. Effective date 10/04/82Sunset date 10/04/92.A testing consent order is in effect for diisodecyl phthalate for chemical fate testing. FR citation: 1/9/89. |
| Reactivity Profile | DIISODECYL PHTHALATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Can generate electrostatic charges. [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 250]. |
| Luftstandards | This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Diisodecyl phthalate is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart. |
| Brandbekämpfung | Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffective.Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. |
| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Fresh air, rest.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Rest. |
| Erste Hilfe | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. |
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | Extinguish with dry chemical, foam or carbon dioxide. Water may be ineffective on fire.Alcohol foam. Water or foam may cause frothing.Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary. |
| Lagerbedingungen | Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. |
| Reinigungsverfahren | ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. For personal protection see section Environmental precautions Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal. |
| Freisetung ohne Brand | SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in air, soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.Product Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging Dispose of as unused product. |
| Verschüttetes entsorgen | Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable plastic or metal containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
| Preventive Measures | Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday. |
| Eye Prevention | Wear safety goggles. |
| Fire Prevention | NO open flames. |
| Körperbelastung | The diisodecyl phthalate metabolite, monocarboxyl isononyl phthalate, was detected in 89.9% of 2548 urine samples at 0.6-672.6 ug/Lsamples were collected by the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2006)(1). Diisodecyl phthalate metabolites, mono carboxyl isononyl phthalate, mono hydroxyl isodecyl phthalate and mono oxo isodecyl phthalate were detected in urine of 129 US adults with no documented exposure to diisodecyl phthalate at a rate of 98, 96 and 85%, respectively(2). Mono isodecyl phthalate was not detected in any of the samples. Samples were collected in 2005 from a diverse demographic population(2). A survey of chemical substances in the environment of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan showed that diisodecyl phthalate along with other phthalate esters of higher alcohols were found in humans(3). Workers exposed to phthalate acid esters mainly di(ethylhexyl), diisodecyl, and butylbenzyl phthalate in a polyvinyl chloride processing industry excreted slightly but significantly higher levels of the ester metabolites in their urine(4). The identities of the excreted chemicals were not specified(4). The metabolite of diisodecyl phthalate, monocarboxyl nonyl phthalate, was detected at <0.2-162.8 ug/L in the urine of 623 Norwegian children (294 girls, 329 boys) ages 8.8-12.5 year oldsamples were collected Sep 2001 to Dec 2004(5). |
| Wechselwirkungen | Phenols and plasticizers are widely used in the plastic industry, in food packaging and to impart softness and flexibility to normally rigid plastic medical devices and children's toys. The effects on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the androgen receptor (AR) were assessed using luciferase reporter gene assays of the following compounds: bisphenol A (BPA), 4-n-nonylphenol (nNP), 4-tert-octylphenol (tOP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP), diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (CMP), 2-phenylphenol (2-PP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP), resorcinol and bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA). Furthermore, a mixture of selected compounds was tested at the no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC), the low-observed-effect concentration (LOEC) and the half-maximum-effect/inhibitory concentration (EC50/IC50) of the single chemicals. Both receptors were affected by BPA, nNP, BBP, CMP, DCP and resorcinol whereas DEHP, DIDP and DBP affected only the AhR and tOP and 2-PP antagonised the AR activity. The mixture was composed of 6 compounds, of which one compound weakly induced the AhR but all compounds antagonized the AR activation. Using the concentration addition principle additive effects were observed at the NOEC, LOEC and EC50/IC50 for both receptors. Our in vitro data suggest that the effect of a mixture depends on the concentration, character, potency and composition of the single mixture compounds and that also the combined effects of the compounds should be taken into consideration for risk assessment of human health.The ability of phthalic acid, phthalic acid anhydride, and various phthalate esters to enhance the mutagenicity of many amino acid pyrolysates was observed with the Ames test (Salmonella typhimurium TA 98), but not the SOS Chromotest. Phthalate enhancement of the mutagenicity of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide, 2-nitrofluorene, and benzo[a]pyrene was not observed with either test. The mutagenicity-enhancing ability may be related to the induction of enzymes such as P450IIB, that metabolize amino acid pyrolysates. By quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis, a good correlation was observed between the mutagenicity-enhancing activity of phthalates and their octanol-water partition coefficients. |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Phthalate esters are endocrine disruptors. Animal studies have shown that they disrupt reproductive development and can cause a number of malformations in affected young, such as reduced anogenital distance (AGD), cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and reduced fertility. The combination of effects associated with phthalates is called 'phthalate syndrome’. (A2883) |
| Ökotoxizitätswerte | EC50Species: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Green algae)Conditions: freshwater, static, 22-24 °C, pH 7.6-7.9, hardness 25-50 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 25-50 mg/L CaCO3Concentration: 800 ug/L for 96 hrEffect: decreased population abundance /> or = 95% purity/Species: Americamysis bahia (Opossum shrimp) age < or =24 hrConditions: freshwater, static, 20 °C, pH 7.6-7.9, hardness 25-50 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 25-50 mg/L CaCO3Concentration: 80 ug/L for 96 hrEffect: mortality /> or = 95% purity/Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) age < or =24 hrConcentration: 20 ug/L for 48 hrEffect: intoxication, immobilization /> or = 95% purity/LC50Species: Cyprinodon variegatus (Sheepshead minnow) juvenile, length 6-17 mmConditions: freshwater, static, 22 °C, pH 7.6-7.9, hardness 25-50 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 25-50 mg/L CaCO3Concentration: 470 ug/L for 96 hr /> or = 95% purity/For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for DIISODECYL PHTHALATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), estimated log Koc values of 5.46-6.04(2-3), indicate that diisodecyl phthalate is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of diisodecyl phthalate from moist soil surfaces is expected(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 5.28X10-7 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 0.28 mg/L(5). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). Diisodecyl phthalate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Biodegradation of >99% and 56% of theoretical CO2 evolution after 28 days using an acclimated soil and sewage inoculum and the shake flask CO2 evolution test(6) suggests that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an average Koc value of 2.86X10+5 determined in sediment(2), indicates that diisodecyl phthalate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.1X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 5.28X10-7 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 0.28 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 70 days and 1.4 years, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 2000 years if adsorption is considered(6). Diisodecyl phthalate is not expected to undergo hydrolysis based on estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 3.4 years and 125 days at pHs 7 and 8, respectively(7). According to a classification scheme(8), BCFs of <14.4 in carp(9) suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Diisodecyl phthalate at a concentration of 100 ppm, was degraded 14% to 30% after three days cultivation in river water inoculum(10), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), diisodecyl phthalate, which has a vapor pressure of 5.28X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase diisodecyl phthalate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 15 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.6X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase diisodecyl phthalate may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Diisodecyl phthalate contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). |
| Lebensmitteluntersuchungswerte | Diisodecyl phthalate was not detected (detection limit 0.01 mg/kg) in 74 samples of composite fatty foods (meat, meat products, offal, poultry, eggs, fish, fats and oils, milk and milk products) from the UK(1). Diisodecyl phthalate was not detected in 59 samples of 15 different brands of infant formula analyzed at a typical detection limit of 0.01 mg/kg wet weight. In a follow-up survey, diisodecyl phthalate was not detected in 39 infant formula samples from the UK(1). |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
| Expositionspfade | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.Oral (L1903)inhalation (L1903)dermal (L1903) |
| Milk Concentrations | ENVIRONMENTAL: Diisodecyl phthalate was not detected (detection limit 0.01 mg/kg) in milk and milk products from the UK(1). Diisodecyl phthalate was not detected in 59 samples of 15 different brands of infant formula analyzed at a typical detection limit of 0.01 mg/kg wet weight. In a follow-up survey, diisodecyl phthalate was not detected in 39 infant formula samples from the UK(1). |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) is a clear liquid with mild odor. It is used as a general purpose plasticizer for polyvinyl chloridepreferred plasticizer for PVC in wire and cable applications. DIDP in the PVC end-use includes: calendering (film, sheet and coated products, flooring, roofing, wall covering), extrusion (hose and profile, wire and cable, clear, medical, film), injection moulding (footwear and miscellaneous), plastisol spread coating, other plastisol applications (car undercoating and sealants, slush/rotational moulding). Non-PVC applications are in other vinyl resins than PVC /acrylic plastic resins, which are basically polymethyl methacrylate/, cellulose ester plastics and other polymer containing products, such as pressure sensitive adhesives and printing inks. Otherwise DIDP is applied in non-polymer applications, such as anti-corrosion and anti-fouling paints. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: There was no evidence of clinical sensitization or dermal irritation in human volunteers participating in a 21-day repeated insult patch test. In an epidemiology study, current asthma in children was associated with the highest quartiles of metabolites of two high molecular weight phthalates, diisononyl phthalate and diisodecyl phthalate. All plastisol workers had post shift values of DIDP metabolites that were approx. 20-times higher, and pre-shift values that were approx. 5-10 times higher than those of the general background exposure. ANIMAL STUDIES: In acute inhalation studies, rats, mice and guinea pigs were exposed to a nominal concentration of 0.13 mg/L for 6 hr. There was no mortality, no evidence of systemic effects, and no apparent respiratory irritation. In one 90-day subchronic toxicity study in rats, DIDP was given in the feed at levels of 0.05, 0.3, and 1% (approximately 30, 200, and 650 mg/kg/day). The predominant effect was an increase in liver weight in animals treated with the highest dose. There were no effects noted in the mid-dose animals (approximately 200 mg/kg/day). Other studies ranging from 3 wk to 90 day have confirmed the liver as the target organ. In one of these studies, significant effects on liver weight and liver enzyme induction were noted in animals treated with approximately 350 mg/kg/day. In other studies, the lowest effect levels were higher. Treatment for three weeks at levels up to 2.5% DIDP in the diet (approximately 2600 mg/kg/day) did not result in significantly decreased testicular weight or histological changes in male rats. At concentrations up to 1X10-3 M, DIDP was inactive in a recombinant yeast screen for estrogenic activity. In developmental studies DIDP showed fetal effects of borderline significance at 1000 mg/kg/day. DIDP shows no evidence of mutagenic potential. It was inactive in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537 at concentrations up to 10 mg/plate (with and without metabolic activation). DIDP was non-carcinogenic in rats due to its limited potential for peroxisomal proliferating activity. It did produce hepatocellular adenomas in the male rasH2 mice receiving 1% DIDP, compared with the findings in the liver of control rasH2 mice or wild-type mice. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: DIDP had no effect on reproduction of Daphnia. Environmental studies demonstrate pattern of observed toxicity with the lower-molecular-weight phthalate esters and not the higher-molecular-weight phthalate esters in acute toxicity studies for several aquatic species. In laboratory experiments performed to determine the antioxidant responses to nine phthalates in the liver of the goldfish Carassius auratus the toxicity order was as follows: dibutyl phthalate (DBP)>diethyl phthalate (DEP)>diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP)>diphenyl phthalate (DPP)>butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP)>diallyl phthalate (DAP)>dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP)>dimethyl phthalate (DMP)>di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP).Phthalate esters are endocrine disruptors. They decrease foetal testis testosterone production and reduce the expression of steroidogenic genes by decreasing mRNA expression. Some phthalates have also been shown to reduce the expression of insulin-like peptide 3 (insl3), an important hormone secreted by the Leydig cell necessary for development of the gubernacular ligament. Animal studies have shown that these effects disrupt reproductive development and can cause a number of malformations in affected young. (A2883) |
| Average Daily Intake | The average daily intake of diisodecyl phthalate was estimated as 30-40 ng/kg body weight/day in studies of foods and beverages purchased from Norwegian grocery stores(1). In infants, toddlers and children 55-82, 40 and 16% of the average daily intake of diisodecyl phthalate is due to mouthing plastic, ingestion of dust and inhalation of indoor air, respectively(2). In teenagers and adults 55-70, >10, 9-13, 5-7 and 5-7% is due to ingestion of food, ingestion of dust, inhalation of indoor air, gloves and spray paint fumes, respectively(2). An analysis of indirect exposure models and urinary biomonitoring data of various population segments indicate an average daily intake of <1 ug/kg/day of diisodecyl phthalate(3). |
| Ökotoxizitätsauszüge | /AQUATIC SPECIES/ Daphnia magna were exposed to diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) at nominal concentrations up to 100 ug/L over 21 days. DIDP had no effect on reproduction and the parent Daphnia showed bioconcentration factor of 116 DIDP as determined by (14)C analysis./AQUATIC SPECIES/ Mussels (Mytilus edulis) were exposed to diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) over 28 days. The bioconcentration factor (BCF), as measured by (14)C analysis, reached estimated plateau levels corresponding to mean bioconcentration factor values. The mussels were then held in clean seawater for 14 days ... . During the entire 42 days of the experiment, general observations on the health of the animals showed no adverse effects./AQUATIC SPECIES/ Chronic toxicity studies were performed with commercial phthalate esters and Daphnia magna (14 phthalates) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (six phthalates). For the lower-molecular-weight phthalate esters - dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) - the results of the studies indicated a general trend in which toxicity for both species increased as water solubility decreased. The geometric mean maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (GM-MATC) for D. magna ranged from 0.63 to 34.7 mg/L. For the higher-molecular-weight phthalate esters - dihexyl phthalate (DHP), butyl 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (BOP), di-(n-hexyl, n-octyl, n-decyl) phthalate (610P), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diisooctyl phthalate (DIOP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), di-(heptyl, nonyl, undecyl) phthalate (711P), diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), diundecyl phthalate (DUP), and ditridecyl phthalate (DTDP) - the GM-MATC values ranged from 0.042 to 0.15 mg/L. Survival was equally sensitive and sometimes more sensitive than reproduction. The observed toxicity to daphnids with most of the higher-molecular-weight phthalate esters appeared to be due to surface entrapment or a mode of toxicity that is not due to exposure to dissolved aqueous-phase chemical. Early life-stage toxicity studies with rainbow trout indicated that survival (DMP) and growth (DBP) were affected at 24 and 0.19 mg/L, respectively. This pattern of observed toxicity with the lower-molecular-weight phthalate esters and not the higher-molecular-weight phthalate esters is consistent with previously reported acute toxicity studies for several aquatic species./AQUATIC SPECIES/ A two-generation feeding study has been carried out though with Oryzias latipes ... . DIDP was added to dry flake food at 20 mg/kg. DIDP, control (no treatment and acetone control) were divided into five replicate tanks (N=50) per treatment. In the F0 generation 14 days old fish were fed at 5% body weight per day. The F0 adults were terminated at day 123. There were no statistically significant changes in mortality or fecundity between the treatment groups. There was no reduced egg production. Evaluation of F1 and F2 embryos showed normal development except for a transient decrease in red blood cell pigmentation. This effect was observed in both the DIDP treatment and the acetone control group. The only histopathological change observed in the F0 adults was a minor alteration in hepatocellular staining around the central vein. The male to female ratios (3:1) in all groups were similar. Phenotypic gender classification of male and female fish were histopathologically confirmed to be 100% correct. Ale somatic gonadal index and liver somatic index were not significantly different in any group.For more Ecotoxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for DIISODECYL PHTHALATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 1 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| RTECS-Nr. | TI1270000 |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
It is a high-molecular-weight, general-purpose plasticizer that is added to polyvinyl chloride to impart flexibility.