Grundinformationen
- Standard-SMILES
[Li+].[OH-]- InChIKey
WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M- Summenformel
- HLiO
- Durchschnittliche Molmasse
- 24 g/mol
- Monoisotopische Masse
- 24,0187442
Überblick
Lithium hydroxide, solution appears as a clear to water-white liquid which may have a pungent odor. Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. It is used to make other chemicals.
Namen und Bezeichner
- Bevorzugter Name
- Lithium Hydroxide
- IUPAC
- lithium hydroxide
- Lokaler Name
- Lithiumhydroxid
- Englischer Name
- Lithium hydroxide
- Summenformel
- LiOH
- Molmasse
- 23.95
Namen und Synonyme
Lithium hydroxide1310-65-2Lithium hydrateLithium hydroxide anhydrousLithium hydroxide (Li(OH))903YL31JASCHEBI:33979DTXSID70893845215-183-4RefChem:5957DTXCID801323885G51XLP968G
Weitere Namen anzeigen
ithium hydroxideLithiuM hydroxide,anhydroLithium hydroxide ,99% [anhydrous]"Lithium hydroxide, anhydrous/ 99%"Lithium hydoxideHEXANE, 95+%, PRA GRADElithiumhydroxide(li(oh))lithiumhydroxideanhydrous
lithium;hydroxideLiOHLithiumhydroxidLithium hydroxide, anhydrousMFCD00011095HLiOLithium hydroxide flakeslithiumhydroxide
Datenbank-Bezeichner
- CAS
1310-65-2、64538-53-0- PubChem CID
- 3939
- DTXSID
DTXSID70893845- ChEBI
CHEBI:33979- UNII
- 903YL31JAS
- EC Number
- 215-183-4
- Nikkaji
- J43.856A
Eigenschaften
Berechnete Struktureigenschaften
- Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)
- 1 Ų
- H-Brücken-Donoren
- 1
- H-Brücken-Akzeptoren
- 1
- Frei drehbare Bindungen
- 0
- Schwere Atome
- 2
- Formalladung
- 0
- Komplexität
- 2
Experimentelle und physikochemische Eigenschaften
Chemical ClassesOther Classes -> Bases
PolymersPlastics -> N.a.
CosmeticsBuffering; Hair waving or straightening
Density
2.54 g/cm³
1.45 @25 °C
SolubilitySolubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 12.8 (good)
Boiling Point1626 °C @760 [mm Hg]
Decomposition924 °C
Melting Point
450-471 °C
473 °C
Vapor PressureVapor pressure, Pa at 20 °C: (negligible)
Food Contact SubstancesFCS -> FDA Inventory of Food Contact Substances Listed in 21 CFR
Physical Description
Lithium hydroxide, solution appears as a clear to water-white liquid which may have a pungent odor. Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. It is used to make other chemicals.
Large Crystals; Liquid; Wet Solid; Dry Powder; Liquid
White crystals or granular powder; [AIHA] Readily absorbs carbon dioxide and water from air; [Merck Index] White odorless granules; Hygroscopic; [Alfa Aesar MSDS]
COLOURLESS-TO-WHITE HYGROSCOPIC CRYSTALS.
Physikochemische Eigenschaften
- Schmelzpunkt
- 470 °C · 470 °C (dec.) (lit.)
- Siedepunkt
- 925 °C · 925°C
- Dichte
- 1.43 · 1.43
- storage temp.
- 30 °C · Store below +30°C.
- Löslichkeit
- 71 g/L · water: soluble71g/L at 20°C
- pka
- 14 · 14[at 20 ℃]
- Aggregatzustand
- Solid
- Wichte
- 2.54 · 2.54
- Farbe
- White to light yellow
- Geruch (Odor)
- odorless
- PH
- 12 · 12 (50g/l, H2O, 50℃)
- Wasserlöslichkeit
- 113 g/L · 113 g/L (20 ºC)
- Spezifische Wärmekapazität
- 2.07 J/ · Cp(crystal): 2.07 J/(g·K); Cp(gas): 1.92 J/(g·K), at 25℃
- Merck
- 14 · 14,5534
- Stabilität
- Stable. Incompatible with moisture. strong acids, carbon dioxide.
- Kosmetik-Inhaltsstoffe Funktionen
- HAIR WAVING OR STRAIGHTENINGBUFFERING
- InChI
- 1S/Li.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
- InChIKey
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- SMILES
- [Li+].[OH-]
- CAS Datenbank
- 1310 · 1310-65-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
- NIST chemische Informationen
- Lithium hydroxide(1310-65-2)
- EPA chemische Informationen
- Lithium hydroxide (1310-65-2)
Sicherheit und Regulatorisches
GHS-Klassifizierung
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 9.7% (95 of 980) of reports.
Danger
H301 (12.6%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]
P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 980 reports by companies from 28 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Danger
Gefahrenhinweise
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH))
Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Status: Active Update: 17-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14855
Lithium hydroxide: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Lithium hydroxide: Human health tier II assessment
DOT LabelCorrosive
Fire Hazards
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
Not combustible.
Health Hazards
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.
· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.
Hazards SummaryCorrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] High inhalation exposure can cause pulmonary edema; [ICSC] Causes abnormal liver function test results in animal experiments; [RTECS] See Lithium oxide.
DOT ID and Guide
2680 154
2679 154
Reactive GroupBases, Strong
UN ClassificationUN Hazard Class: 8; UN Pack Group: II
Reactivity AlertsKnown Catalytic Activity
Reactivity Profile
LITHIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLUTION neutralizes acids exothermically to form salts plus water. Reacts with certain metals (such as aluminum and zinc) to form oxides or hydroxides of the metal and generate gaseous hydrogen. May initiate polymerization reactions in polymerizable organic compounds, especially epoxides. May generate flammable and/or toxic gases with ammonium salts, nitrides, halogenated organics, various metals, peroxides, and hydroperoxides. May serve as a catalyst. Reacts when heated above about 84 °C with aqueous solutions of reducing sugars other than sucrose, to evolve toxic levels of carbon monoxide [Bretherick, 5th Ed., 1995].
Chemical Dangers
Decomposes on heating above 924 °C . This produces toxic fumes. The solution in water is a strong base. It reacts violently with acid and is corrosive to aluminium, tin and zinc. This produces flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen - see ICSC 0001). Reacts with strong oxidants.
Sicherheit und Schutzausrüstung
Fire Fighting
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.
First Aid Measures
Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower for at least 15 minutes. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Accidental Release Measures
· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
First Aid
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
General First Aid:
General First Aid:
Safe StorageSeparated from food and feedstuffs, strong oxidants and strong acids. Store only in original container. Dry. Well closed. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.
Exposure Control and Personal Protection
· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Nonfire Spill ResponseExcerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
Spillage Disposal
Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered plastic containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:
Immediate precautionary measure
Immediate precautionary measure
Eye PreventionWear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Inhalation RiskEvaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed.
Skin PreventionProtective gloves. Protective clothing.
Toxikologische Informationen
Adverse EffectsNeurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin
Exposure RoutesThe substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion. Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.
Signs and Symptoms
Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing.
Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns. Blisters.
Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Severe deep burns.
Abdominal pain. Burning sensation in the throat and chest. Nausea. Vomiting. Shock or collapse.
ICSC Environmental DataThis substance may be hazardous to the environment. Special attention should be given to aquatic organisms.
Toxicity DataLC50 (rat) = 960 mg/m3/4hr
Sicherheitsdaten
- wgk
- 1
- tsca
- TSCA listed
- ridadr
- UN 2680 8/PG II (LITHIUM HYDROXIDE)
- hs_code
- 28252010
- RTECS-Nr.
- OJ6307070
- risk_code
- 52/53-35-20/22-22-34-23
- Toxizität
- LD50 orally in Rabbit: 210 mg/kg
- hazard_code
- C
- safety_code
- 45-36/37/39-26-22
- hazard_class
- 8
- packing_group
- II
- Speicherklasse
- 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials
- Hazard Classifications
- Acute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1Skin Corr. 1B
Chemie und Industrie
Verwendung und Herstellung
Uses
Used in photographic developing solutions, alkaline storage batteries, lithium-based greases, polymerization catalysts, carbon dioxide absorbents, alkyd paints, textile dye solubilizers, and copper electroplating baths; Produced along with lithium oxide when lithium-aluminum alloys are heated by welding or cutting; [AIHA] Used in cosmetics; [ExPub: EC]
Welding [Category: Weld]
U.S. Production2023: 10,000,000 - <25,000,000 lb
Consumer UsesLubricating agent
Industry UsesAbsorbent
Use Classification
Cosmetics -> Buffering; Hair waving or straightening
Plastics -> Polymer Type -> N.a.
General Manufacturing Information
Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing
Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH)): ACTIVE
Anwendungen
VerwendenLithium hydroxide is an alkali metal hydroxide that is used in storage batteries and soaps and as CO2 absorber in spacecrafts.
Vor- und nachgelagerte Produkte
Vorgelagerte Rohstoffe
Nachgelagerte Produkte
Ergänzende Hinweise
DefinitionA white crystalline solid, LiOH, is soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and insoluble in ether. It is known as the monohydrate (monoclinic; r.d. 1.51) and in the anhydrous form (tetragonal, r.d. 1.46; m.p. 450°C; decomposes at 924°C). The compound is made by reacting lime with lithium salts or lithium ores. Lithium hydroxide is basic but has a closer resemblance to group 2 hydroxides than to the other group 1 hydroxides (an example of the first member of a periodic group having atypical properties).
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