HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemie-Druckbericht · Nur für Forschungszwecke
2-Nitropropan
2-NP · 2-Nitropropane,96% · i-C3H7NO2 · nipars-20 · Nipar S-20 · b-nitropropane · 2-nitro-propan · 2-NITROPROPANE
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 79-46-9 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C3H7NO2 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 89,09 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 89,04767846 g/mol |
| SMILES | CC(C)[N+](=O)[O-] |
| InChIKey | FGLBSLMDCBOPQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 398 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL261886 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:16037 |
| EC No. | 201-209-1 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID6020981 |
| Lokaler Name | 2-Nitropropan |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 0,8 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 45,8 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 2 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 6 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 54,3 |
| Stoffklassen | Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)Nitrogen Compounds -> Nitros, AliphaticCarcinogensVolatile Organic Compound (VOC) |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Coriolis coupling |
| Pestizide | Pesticide -> EPA IRIS |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | log Kow = 0.930.8 |
| Geruch | Pleasant fruity odor. |
| Dichte | 0.99 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than waterwill float0.9821 g/cu cm at 25 °CRelative density (water = 1): 0.990.9821 @25 °C0.992 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Viscosity | 0.721 cP at 25 °C |
| Color/Form | Colorless liquid |
| Löslichkeit | greater than or equal to 0.1 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)Soluble in chloroformMiscible with most aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, esters, ethers, and the lower carboxylic acidsIn water, 1.70X10+4 mg/L at 25 °CSolubility in water, g/100ml at 25 °C: 1.72%H2O: slightly soluble1.7 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Flammpunkt | 75 °F (NTP, 1992)24 °C (75 °F)(closed cup)39 °C (closed cup), 24 °C (open cup)38 °C (open cup) /from table/24 °C c.c.99 °F |
| Siedepunkt | 248.5 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)120.2 °C120 °C249 °F120.2 °C @760 [mm Hg]120 °C(lit.) |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.May decompose explosively under fire conditions. /nitropropanes/ |
| Schmelzpunkt | -93 °C |
| Dampfdichte | ~3 (vs air) |
| Dampfdruck | ~13 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Brechungsindex | n20/D 1.394(lit.) |
| Lagerbedingungen | Flammables area |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | pK1:7.675 (25°C) |
| Aggregatzustand | Liquid |
| Farbe | Colorless to Almost colorless |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(liquid): 1.91 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,6628 |
| BRN | 1740684 |
| Henry-Konstante | 8.92 at 20.00 °C, 15.3 at 30.00 °C, 24.4 at 40.00 °C, 36.9 at 50.00 °C (inert gas stripping, Bene and Dohnal, 1999) |
| Dielektrizitätskonstante | 25.5 |
| Stabilität | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, copper. |
| InChI | 1S/C3H7NO2/c1-3(2)4(5)6/h3H,1-2H3 |
| InChIKey | FGLBSLMDCBOPQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CC(C)[N+]([O-])=O |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | 1.35 at 20℃ |
| CAS Datenbank | 79-46-9(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST chemische Informationen | Propane, 2-nitro-(79-46-9) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | 2-Nitropropane (79-46-9) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P318, P330, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P316, P317, P318, P321, P330, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Chemical: Propane, 2-nitro-Hazard Traits - CarcinogenicityHepatotoxicity and Digestive System ToxicityNephrotoxicity and Other Toxicity to the Urinary SystemNeurotoxicityPropane, 2-nitro- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Propane, 2-nitro- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 26-11-2010 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/12799Propane, 2-nitro-: HSNO Approval: HSR001207 Approved with controlsThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Propane, 2-nitro-: Environment tier I assessment |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Flammable Liquid |
| Brandgefahren | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic oxides of nitrogen may form in fire. (USCG, 1999)Flammable. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Above 24 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed. |
| Brandpotenzial | A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, open flame or oxidizers. |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Inhalation causes respiratory tract irritation, headache, dizziness, nausea, and diarrhea. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with liquid irritates eyes and causes mild irritation of skin. (USCG, 1999) |
| Gefahrenübersicht | 2-Nitropropane is used primarily as a solvent. Severe liver damage, as well as some kidney damage, has been observed in workers poisoned from acute (short-term) inhalation exposure to 2-nitropropane. Chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure to 2-nitropropane has caused nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, severe headaches, and pulmonary irritation in workers. Liver effects have been observed in animals chronically exposed to 2-nitropropane by inhalation. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of 2-nitropropane in humans. In one animal study, liver tumors were observed in rats. EPA has classified 2-nitropropane as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen.Acute liver injury and/or death have been reported in workers 1) painting the interior of a tank, 2) working in confined spaces with paint and polyester-based resin products, and 3) painting epoxy resins on walls. NP-2 induces methemoglobinemia of 15-25% in cats exposed at 280 ppm for 7 hours. Listed in the table Examples of Industrial Chemicals for Which Methemoglobin Formation is NOT the Principal Cause of Toxicity[ACGIH] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritantInhalation of high concentrations may cause CNS effectsExposure above the OEL could cause liver injury and death[ICSC] |
| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 2608 129 |
| FDA-Anforderungen | 2-Nitropropane is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives. |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic |
| EG-Einstufung | Symbol: TR: 45-10-20/22S: 53-45Note: E |
| UN-Einstufung | UN Hazard Class: 3UN Pack Group: III |
| Brandbekämpfung | Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: "Alcohol" foamwater may be ineffective.Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position. |
| Erste-Hilfe-Maßnahmen | Refer for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention . |
| Erste Hilfe | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.(General first aid procedures) |
| Sichere Lagerung | Fireproof. Separated from strong bases, strong acids, amines, powdered metals and food and feedstuffs. |
| Firefighting Hazards | ...Although only moderately volatile, its vapor forms flammable or explosive mixtures with air. |
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire exposed containers cool. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. /nitropropanes/Alcohol foam and water may be ineffective.If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Nitropropanes/ |
| Lagerbedingungen | Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated location. Separate from amines, alkalies, acids, oxidizing materials, metal oxides, and combustibles. Outside or detached storage is preferred /nitropropanes/PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen and date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/ |
| Reinigungsverfahren | After covering the spills with soda ash, mix and spray with water. Scoop into a bucket of water and leave it stand for two hours. Neutralize with 6M-hydrochloric acid and pass into drain with sufficient water.PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured and the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed and labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. /nitropropanes/Environmental consideration: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. /nitropropanes/Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. /nitropropanes/ |
| Freisetung ohne Brand | SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste numbers U171 and F005, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.Nitropropane is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. Large quantities of material may require nitrogen oxide removal by catalytic or scrubbing process. /Nitropropane/A good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for 2-NITROPROPANE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Verschüttetes entsorgen | Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
| Preventive Measures | /Use/ barrier creams...to protect exposed skin. ...Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food and beverage containers or utensils, and the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, and rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes and wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece and close-fitting at ankles and wrists), gloves, hair covering and overshoes. ... Clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves and gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, and disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 2-NITROPROPANE (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Körperbelastung | Eleven percent of samples of expired air from a carefully selected urban population of 54 normal, healthy, non-smoking individuals (387 samples) contained 2-nitropropane with a geometric mean concn of 0.406 ng/L(1)./After occupational expossure/ one of the survivors had a 2-NP serum concentration of 8.5 mg/L when hospitalized. ... his coworker hospitalized at the same time with a serum concentration of 13 mg/L subsequently died, ... |
| Cancer Sites | [in animals: liver tumors] |
| Wechselwirkungen | The effect of diphenyl diselenide, (PhSe)2, administration on 2-nitropropane (2-NP)-induced hepatic damage was examined in male rats. Rats were pre-treated with a single dose of diphenyl diselenide (10, 50 or 100 micromol/kg). Afterward, they received only one dose of 2-NP (100 mg/kg bw dissolved in olive oil). The parameters that indicate tissue damage such as plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), creatinine and urea were determined. Since toxicity induced by 2-NP is related to oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation was also evaluated. Diphenyl diselenide (100 micromol/kg) significantly reduced plasma ALT, gamma-GGT, AFP levels when compared to 2-NP group. Treatment with diphenyl diselenide, at all doses, effectively protects the increase of lipid peroxidation when compared to 2-NP group. Histological examination revealed that 2-NP treatment causes a moderate swelling and degenerative alterations on hepatocytes and diphenyl diselenide (100 micromol/kg) protects against these alterations. Diphenyl diselenide (50 and 100 micromol/kg) significantly decreased the urea level. This study evidences the protective effect of diphenyl diselenide by 2-NP-induced acute hepatic damage....Three groups of male rats (control, 2-NP-treated [4 mmol/kg] and 2-NP + melatonin [10 mg/kg]) were used in the current study. Cell proliferation was quantitated by incorporation of 3H-thymidine, detected by autoradiography, into newly synthesized DNA. Histopatholgical study was carried out to investigate the morphological changes. Twenty four hours after 2-NP administration, there was an increase in the labelling index (LI) and grain count per labelled nucleus (GC/N) in the hepatocytes of 2-NP-injected rats versus those of control animals. The increase was 69.5% in LI and 29.4% in GC/N. Melatonin treatment, 30 minutes preceding 2-NP, reduced the increase in LI (44.4%) and GC/N (20.7%) when compared with 2-NP-treated rats. Histopathology revealed multiple focal areas of necrosis in the liver following 2-NP injection. In the lung, there was a mucinous degeneration of the bronchial epithelium. Melatonin treatment restored the histopathological changes in both the liver and lung and they are more or less normal. |
| Zielorgane | HepaticEyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, kidneys, liver |
| Ökotoxizitätswerte | LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 4.71 mg/L/96 hr (confidence limit 4.46 - 4.98 mg/L), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 26.0 °C, dissolved oxygen 6.9 mg/L, hardness 44.3 mg/l calcium carbonate, alkalinity 44.2 mg/L calcium carbonate, and pH 7.8.LC50 Brachydanio rerio (Zebrafish) 620 mg/L/48 hrclosed system, staticEC50 Scenedesmus subspicatus (Algaeinhibition of growth rate) 1088 mg/L/72 hrclosed system with aerationEC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea, 6-24 hr oldimmobilization) 290 mg/L/24 hr |
| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 0.11 and 3.8(2), indicate that 2-nitropropane is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-nitropropane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.19X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from a vapor pressure of 17.2 mm Hg(3) and a water solubility of 1.70X10+4 mg/L(4). 2-Nitropropane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon the estimated vapor pressure(3). Half-lives of 2-nitropropane measured during aerobic batch laboratory microcosm experiments were 0.66 days in an acid clay soil (0.94% OC, pH 4.8) and 0.5 days in a basic sandy loam soil (3.25% OC, pH 7.8)(5,6). However, experiments were not corrected for potential loss due to volatilization(5,6). Biodegradation in soil is expected to be slow based on 3.0 and 1.2% conversion to CO2 in aerobic and anaerobic soil, respectively, after 35 days(7,8).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 0.11 and 3.8(2), indicate that 2-nitropropane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.19X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from a vapor pressure of 17.2 mm Hg(4) and a water solubility of 1.70X10+4 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6 hours and 6 days, respectively(SRC). The pKa of 2-nitropropane is 7.68(6), indicating that this compound will partially exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(7). According to a classification scheme(8), BCF values of <8.4(9,10), suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation in water is expected to be slow based on 0.8% mineralization after 5 days using activated sludge and 0.1-14% degradation in 28 day closed-bottle test(9-11).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-nitropropane, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 17.2 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-nitropropane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 95 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.60X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). 2-Nitropropane is expected to undergo direct photolysis in the atmosphere based on 95% degradation after 24 hours and a half-life of 9.8 days measured during tests for photodegradation(4,5). |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin |
| Expositionspfade | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact |
| Ökotoxizitätsauszüge | /AQUATIC SPECIES/ At 22 °C the 96-hr LC50 for fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) was >210 mg/L. Aeration of the holding tanks during the toxicity test produced flawed results because 2-NP was lost continuously by volatilization and a nominal highest concentration of 612.5 mg/L was reduced to 496 mg/L at the start of the test and to 210 mg/L by 96 hr. There was no significant mortality at concentrations of 2-NP below 210 mg/L although at lower concentrations it did produce severe (though undescribed) sublethal effects./AQUATIC SPECIES/ The lowest concentration of 2-NP in sea water inducing narcosis in barnacle larvae at 18-22 °C was approximately 0.7-0.8 g/L./OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ Observations on non-mammalian terrestrial organisms are limited to two related species, the oriental fruit fly (Dacus dorsalis) and the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata). ... The 2-hr LC50 values for eggs and larvae of the oriental fruit fly were >103 and 75 g/cu m (>28,300 and 20,600 ppm), respectively, and for the Mediterranean fruit fly, >103 and 35 g/cu m (>28,300 and 9600 ppm), respectively. These observations, in summary, suggest a fairly low acute toxicity to non-mammalian organisms. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea. Weakness. Shortness of breath.Dry skin. Redness.Redness. Pain.Further see Inhalation.irritation eyes, skin, nose, respiratory systemheadache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrheakidney, liver damage[potential occupational carcinogen] |
| EPA IRIS Information | 2-NitropropaneHepatic2 x 10 ^-2 mg/m^3 |
| Medical Surveillance | All employees with a potential exposure to 2-nitropropane should be placed under a medical monitoring program which includes: history and medical examinations with specific emphasis on liver function tests.Preplacement and periodic examination should consider respiratory and central nervous system effects as well as kidney function. Heinz bodies and methemoglobin levels are of interest.PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Whenever medical surveillance is indicated, in particular when exposure to a carcinogen has occurred, ad hoc decisions should be taken concerning ... /cytogenetic and/or other/ tests that might become useful or mandatory. /Chemical Carcinogens/ |
| RCRA-Anforderungen | F005When 2-nitropropane is a spent solvent, it is classified as a hazardous waste from a nonspecific source (F005), as stated in 40 CFR 261.31, and must be managed according to State and/or Federal hazardous waste regulations.U171As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when 2-nitropropane, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5). |
| TSCA-Anforderungen | Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329.Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. 2-Nitropropane is included on this list. |
| Luftstandards | This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Nitropropane is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.. /Nitropropane/Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. 2-Nitropropane is included on this list. |
| CERCLA-Meldepflichtmengen | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b). |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 3 |
| Sofort lebensgefährliche Konzentration | 100 ppm |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 2608 3/PG 3 |
| Zollcode | 29042000 |
| RTECS-Nr. | TZ5250000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 45-10-20/22-68-52/53 |
| Toxizität | Acute oral LD50 for rats 720 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). |
| Gefahrensymbole | T |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 53-45-61-36/37 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 3.2Acute Tox. 3 InhalationAcute Tox. 4 OralAquatic Chronic 3Carc. 1BFlam. Liq. 3Muta. 2 |
| Verpackungsgruppe | III |
| Lagerklasse | 3 - Flammable liquids |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 79-46-9(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Selbstentzündungstemperatur | 802 °F |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Beschreibung
2-Nitropropane, also known as dimethylnitromethane or isonitropropane, is a colourless, oily liquid with a mild and sweet odour. This flammable compound is soluble in water and various organic solvents, including chloroform. Its vapors can form an explosive mixture when combined with air. 2-Nitropropane serves as a co-solvent in paint formulations, enhancing pigment wetting, optimizing flow properties, and facilitating electrostatic processing. Additionally, it contributes to a shorter paint drying time.
Verwenden
2-Nitropropane is primarily used as a solvent for organic compounds and coatings; with vinyl resins, epoxy paints, nitrocellulose, and chlorinated rubber; in printing inks, adhesives, and printing as flexographic inks; maintenance with traffic markings on roads and highways; shipbuilding; and general maintenance. It also has limited use as a paint and varnish remover. 2-Nitropropane is also used as a solvent in food processing industries for fractionation of a partially saturated vegetable oil.
Herstellung & Synthese
synthetische
The synthesis of 2-nitropropane can be accomplished directly by nitration of 2-halopropanes with sodium nitrite. With 2-iodopropane, the reaction is carried out in dry DMF in the presence of urea. For the slower reacting 2-bromopropane, a longer reaction time and the presence of phloroglucinol as a nitrite ester scavenger is required.Like 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane is also produced by vapor-phase nitration of propane with nitric acid at elevated temperature and pressure (Baker and Bollmeier 1978).