| Lebensmitteluntersuchungswerte | The Canadian National Surveillance Program analyzed 598 food samples in 1984-1989(1)3 samples contained deltamethrin residues (2 of 25 samples of apples and 1 of 21 samples of strawberries) at levels of 0.004-0.006 mg/kg(1). Deltamethrin concentrations were measured by means of capillary gas chromatography using extraction with ethyl acetate and dichloromethane from vegetable and fruit samples(2). Deltamethrin concentrations ranged from 69.4 to 98.6 ppm for those samples measured with ethyl acetate extraction(2), while concentrations ranged from 64.1 to 88.5 ppm for those samples measured with dichloromethane extraction(2). Deltamethrin residues were detected at concentrations ranging from non-detectable to 0.23 mg/kg in laboratory pressed olive oil samples in Italy(3). Agricultural products monitored in Prefecture, Japan from April 1995 to March 2000, found deltamethrin in 8 of 91 imported banana samples at concentrations of <0.05 ug/g, but was not detected in any of the other 674 products sampled(4). Deltamethrin was not detected (detection limit 0.006 mg/kg) in 130 commercial egg samples taken from Sao Paulo City, Brazil from Oct 2003 to July 2005(5). Of 2223 samples (700 vegetables, 1523 fruits) taken Jan 1994 thru Dec 2001, deltamethrin was only detected in one spice sample at 0.78 mg/kg(6). Of 173 agricultural products analyzed in 2006 in Japan, five were reported to contain deltamethrin at 2.4-18.3 ng/g(7). Deltamethrin was not detected in 270 apple and citrus fruit samples taken 1999 to 2001 in Karachi, Pakistan(8). Deltamethrin was detected in carrot, ginger, potato, radish, turnip, Brassica leaves, spinach, pumpkin, peas and tomato but not detected in garlic, onion, sugar beet, coriander, methi, mint, salad brinjal, bitter gourd, chillies, french beans, Indian squash, cucumber, Lady's fingers, luffa, cabbage and cauliflower, in a study conducted in Karachi, Pakistan 2000 to 2003(9).Fruit and vegetable samples collected in Pakistan were tested for pesticide residues by means of gas and thin-layer chromatography for a study period of July 1988 to June 1990, Dec 1990 to June 1991 and Sept 1992(1). Deltamethrin was detected at 0.13 mg/kg in one of 16 cucumber and at 1.12-1.7 mg/kg in two of 12 bitter gourd, but was not detected in luffa, pumpkin, cauliflower, spinach, white gourd, coriander, fenugreek, lettuce, aubergine, onion, turnip, sweet potato, tomato, Lady's finger, cabbage, potato, green pepper, capsicum, mint, dill, beet sugar, carrot, radish, garlic, peas, french beans, mustard, ginger, arum, gourd, cow pea, lambs quarter, radish seeds, parsley, long cucumber, green peas, lemon, cluster bean, mango, peach, apple, persimmon, banana, pomegranate, grapes, musk melon, orange, grapefruit, papaya, guava, sapota, Ziziphus, cherry, plum, apricot, pear, dates, watermelon, sugar cane or cheeko(1). Deltamethrin was analyzed in 397 samples collected in 8 local markets from 6 Egyptian governorates (Cairo, Giza, Qualubiya, Beni Suef, Minufiya and Ismailia) in 1995 and was reported not detected in cabbage, cauliflower, carrot, courgette, cucumber, eggplant, green beans, green peas, lettuce, onion, pepper, tomato, apple, cantaloupe, grape, guava, mango, orange, peach or strawberry(2). Deltamethrin was also analyzed in 1579 samples collected in the same Egyptian governorates in 1996 and was not detected in cabbage, grape leaf, lettuce, melokhia, spinach, watercress, artichoke, broad bean, cauliflower, cantaloupe, cucumber, eggplant, green beans, green peas, okra, onion, pepper, squash, tomato, carrot, sweet potato, taro, apple, apricot, banana, dates, fig, grape, guava, lemon, lime, mango, orange, peach, pear, plum, pomegranate or strawberry(3). Deltamethrin was detected in 1 of 61 iceberg head lettuce samples tested in 1996, reported from the Danish National Pesticide Monitoring Program 1995 and 1996(4). Deltamethrin was not detected in grapefruit, apple, pear, quince, strawberry, elderberry, red current, pomegranate, lemon, apricot, cherries, peach, blackberry, raspberry, black current, beet root, radish, mandarin/clementine, nectarine, hip, rowanberry, gooseberry, kiwi, carrot, parsley root, orange, plum grape, boysenberry, bilberry, banana, fig, celeriac, horseradish, parsnip, parsley root, garlic, onion, spring onion, tomato, pepper, eggplant, cucumber, melon, watermelon, squash, sweet corn, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussel sprout, white cabbage, red cabbage, spring cabbage, Oxheart cabbage, Chinese cabbage, kale, iceberg head lettuce (1995), spinach, chive, dill, marjoram, oregano, parsley, rosemary, thyme, fresh bean with pod, fresh pea with pod, celery, leek, rhubarb, mushroom, dried bean, sunflower seed or potato from the same program(4).Fruits (802) and vegetables (1536) collected by the food inspection branch from farms, food terminals, warehouses and points of consumer purchase in Ontario, Canada 1991 to 1995 had two reported detections of deltamethrin at <0.05 ug/g(1). Deltamethrin was analyzed but not detected (0.08 ppm detection limit) in pears (710 domestic, 949 imported) and tomatoes (1219 domestic, 144 imported) as part of the US Food and Drug Administration Pesticide Program from 1992 thru 1993(2). As part of the same program, apples (769 domestic, 1062 imported) and rice (598 domestic, 612 imported) were also analyzed for deltamethrin from 1993 thru 1994, two of the 612 imported rice samples tested positive at <1 ppm (0.07 ppm detection limit)(3). Deltamethrin was not detected (0.013 mg/kg detection limit) in 50 ground beef samples from area markets of Rome, Italy, samples were collected in 2005(4).Deltamethrin was applied to jute sacks containing cowpea or lentils (seeds obtained from New Delhi) at 15 or 25 mg/sq m to test seed contamination with the following results(1) |
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