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HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemie-Druckbericht · Nur für Forschungszwecke
HCID 42981Erstellt: 27. Oktober 2026

Laurocapram

AZONE · 1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one · azon · n-dodecylcaprolactam · n0252 · tranzone · NSC11340 · usafnd-72

https://huagongshe.com/de/chemical/42981

Molekülstruktur von Laurocapram

Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten

CAS No.59227-89-3
SummenformelC18H35NO
Durchschnittliche Molmasse281,5 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse281,27186474 g/mol
SMILESCCCCCCCCCCCCN1CCCCCC1=O
InChIKeyAXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID42981
ChEMBLCHEMBL76591
ChEBICHEBI:230266
EC No.261-668-9
DTXSIDDTXSID0042086
Lokaler NameLaurocapram

Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften

XLogP5,9
Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)20,3
H-Brücken-Donoren0
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren1
Frei drehbare Bindungen11
Schwere Atome20
Formalladung0
Komplexität240
Dichte0.91 g/cu cm0.906-0.926
Color/FormClear, colorless liquid
LöslichkeitFreely soluble in most solventsChloroform (Slightly), Ethanol (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Endocrine DisruptorsPotential endocrine disrupting compound
Siedepunkt160 °C at 50 mm Hgbp50m 160°
Schmelzpunkt-7 °C-7°
BrechungsindexIndex of refraction: 1.47011.470-1.473
Collision Cross Section185.4 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DTBuffer gas: N2Ionization: ESI+Dataset: TOXCASTSource Identifier: DTXSID0042086]
LagerbedingungenSealed in dry,Room Temperature
AggregatzustandOil
pKa (Säurekonstante)-0.43±0.20(Predicted)
FarbeColourless
Merck14,5385
Kosmetik-Inhaltsstoffe FunktionenSKIN CONDITIONING
InChIInChI=1S/C18H35NO/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-13-16-19-17-14-11-12-15-18(19)20/h2-17H2,1H3
InChIKeyAXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESN1(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCC1=O
LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient)6.570 (est)
CAS Datenbank59227-89-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA chemische InformationenLaurocapram (59227-89-3)

Sicherheit & Vorschriften

GHS-EinstufungWarningH302+H312+H332 (50%): Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oralacute toxicity, dermalacute toxicity, inhalation]P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 2 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Hazard Classes and CategoriesAquatic Chronic 4 (50%)
EntsorgungsverfahrenSRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
WechselwirkungenThe feasibility of using some novel topical spray vehicles for enhanced transdermal delivery of the sex hormones, testosterone (Tes), estradiol (E2), progesterone (Prog), and norethindrone acetate (NA) has been investigated. The new penetration enhancers, padimate O (PadO) and octyl salicylate (OSal) were used and compared with laurocapram (AZ) and oleic acid (OA). A finite dose (5 uL/sq cm) of each vehicle was applied to either shed snake skin or swine skin in vitro, and the amount penetrated was measured with flow-through diffusion cells. Partitioning into swine skin was determined after an exposure time of 1 min. Rapid partitioning of Tes and PadO into swine skin occurred after 1 min with 70% and 60% of the applied dose, respectively, remaining in the skin after the unabsorbed dose was removed by rinsing with absolute ethanol. The cumulative amount at 24 hr (Q24 hr) of Tes penetrating across the snake skin was significantly enhanced (p less than 0.05) up to 6-fold for OSal, 3-fold for OA and AZ, and 2-fold for PadO compared to control. Using PadO or AZ, the Q24 hr ranged from three- to thirteen-fold over control (p less than 0.05) for E2, Prog, and NA. Extrapolation of these data to predict what would happen in humans suggests that it should be possible to deliver clinically relevant amounts of sex hormones in this manner with once daily dosing.... The objective of this study was to determine the effect of vehicles and penetration enhancers on the percutaneous absorption of methotrexate (MTX) and its analog edatrexate (EDAM), and develop transdermal (TD) delivery systems of the drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ... From previously published pharmacokinetic parameters with low-dose MTX therapy, and considering a 50 sq cm diffusional area, the target steady state in vitro TD flux for MTX was calculated to be 35 micrograms/cm2/hr. Modified Franz diffusion chambers and hairless mouse skin were used for in vitro skin permeation studies. Hairless mice were used for in vivo studies. Delivered amounts of MTX and EDAM were determined by assaying the receiver phase fluid (or blood) with validated reversed phase HPLC methods. Intrinsic partition coefficient of MTX was low (log P = -1.2). Target MTX fluxes of greater than or = 35 ug/sq cm/hr were achievable only with 1-15% (v/v) Azone in propylene glycol (PG). Flux of EDAM (85 ug/sq cm/hr) was higher than MTX from an isopropyl alcohol (IPA)-5% (v/v) Azone system. Clinically significant steady state in vivo blood concentration of MTX and EDAM was achieved using delivery systems containing greater than or = 2.5% Azone in PG. Area under the drug concentration-time curves (AUC0-24 hr) for MTX were 2379 and 3534 ng hr/mL from PG-2.5% Azone and PG-7.5% Azone systems respectively. AUC0-24 hr of EDAM was 6893 ng hr/mL using a PG-2.5% Azone system.

Anwendungen & Verwendung

Verwenden

Laurocapram is a useful intermediate.

The permeation of naproxen through excised human skin and isolated perfused rabbit ear skin has been determined. It was found that ... Azone ... enhanced the permeation with an enhancement ratio of up to 4-fold. The magnitudes of the effect were similar in human and rabbit skin. The permeation of naproxen from a saturated solution of the drug through skin pre-treated with Azone was similar to that from a commercial preparation (Naprosyn)...
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ To investigate ocular toxic effect of azone at low concentrations in rabbits to determine whether this penetration enhancer has any value for ocular use. 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9% concentrations of azone in an ocular emulsion vehicle were studied. Rabbits in three experimental groups received topical 30 uL of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9% azone respectively three times daily for 4 weeks. Rabbits in control group 1 received 30 uL of vehicle without azone as negative control and rabbits in control group 2 received nothing as normal control. Clinical and histopathological examinations of rabbit cornea endothelial cells were made by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. No clinical and histopathological evidence of ocular toxicity occurred in all treated and control eyes. The concentration of azone used in this study was 3-9 times higher than that (at 0.1%) at which corneal penetration of hydrophilic compounds can be enhanced enormously. Azone has value for incorporation into ocular formulations to increase therapeutic action of many hydrophilic drugs./LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ Azone has been used to enhance percutaneous absorption. Its ability to improve penetration makes it an attractive candidate for incorporation into ophthalmic formulations to increase therapeutic action of a drug or achieve an equivalent effect with a lower concentration of the active ingredients. Ophthalmic vehicles containing 0, 1, or 2% Azone were studied to determine their ocular irritation potential in the rabbit. The vehicle ingredients were poloxamer 188, hydroxy-ethylcellulose, benzalkonium chloride and phosphate buffer. Rabbits received 30 mcl topically of each of the test products three times daily for 29 days. Clinical and histopathological evidence of ocular toxicity occurred in eyes treated with the vehicle containing 1 or 2% Azone, but not in the vehicle without Azone. Clinical signs of ocular irritation were transient and included redness of conjunctivae and iris, discharge and corneal edema. Scanning electron microscopy and semi-thin sections revealed corneal changes characterized by ballooning and vacuolation of endothelial cells resulting in distortion of the typical polygonal appearance. These results indicate that instillation of ophthalmic vehicles containing 1 or 2% Azone damages corneal endothelial cells of the rabbit. It is not clear, however, if this irritation is due to the direct action of Azone on the endothelium or the enhanced penetration of potential irritants in the formulation such as benzalkonium chloride.
Antidote and Emergency Treatment/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B//SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B//SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/
Zollcode29339900
RTECS-Nr.CM3995000
ToxizitätLD50 rats, mice (g/kg): 8 i.v., i.p. (Stoughton)
Sicherheitshinweise (S)24/25
Gefahrstoffdaten59227-89-3(Hazardous Substances Data)