Neostigmine｜Huagongshe

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HCID 4456Erstellt: 27. Oktober 2026

Neostigmine

Eustigmin · Eustigmine · Neostygmine · Vagostigmine · 3-[[(Dimethylamino)carbonyl]oxy]-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium

https://huagongshe.com/de/chemical/4456

Molekülstruktur von Neostigmine

Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten

CAS No.	59-99-4
Summenformel	C12H19N2O2+
Durchschnittliche Molmasse	223,29 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse	223,14410427 g/mol
SMILES	CN(C)C(=O)Oc1cccc([N+](C)(C)C)c1
InChIKey	ALWKGYPQUAPLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID	4456
ChEMBL	CHEMBL278020
ChEBI	CHEBI:7514
DTXSID	DTXSID1023360

Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften

XLogP	1,5
Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)	29,5
H-Brücken-Donoren	0
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren	2
Frei drehbare Bindungen	3
Schwere Atome	16
Formalladung	1
Komplexität	246
Arzneimittel	Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15
Löslichkeit	6.77e-02 g/L
Human Drugs	Breast FeedingLactationMilk, HumanCholinesterase InhibitorsParasympathomimeticsMuscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors
Animal Drugs	Pharmaceuticals -> Animal Drugs -> Approved in Taiwan
Physical Description	Solid
Siedepunkt	364.59°C (rough estimate)
Dichte	1.0718 (rough estimate)
Brechungsindex	1.4760 (estimate)
EPA chemische Informationen	Neostigmine (59-99-4)

Sicherheit & Vorschriften

Wechselwirkungen	ACTIONS OF ANTICHOLINESTERASE AGENTS ON AUTONOMIC EFFECTOR CELLS & ON CORTICAL & SUBCORTICAL SITES IN CNS, WHERE RECEPTORS ARE LARGELY OF MUSCARINIC TYPE, ARE BLOCKED BY ATROPINE. /ANTI-CHE AGENTS/VARIOUS ACTIONS OF ANTI-CHE AGENTS ON SKELETAL MUSCLE ARE AUGMENTED BY EPINEPHRINE OR EPHEDRINE...& BLOCKED BY D-TUBOCURARINE. /ANTICHOLINESTERASE AGENTS/QUINIDINE MAY ANTAGONIZE THE EFFECTS OF NEOSTIGMINE (PROSTIGMINE)...IN THE TREATMENT OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS. ...THE ANTICHOLINERGIC EFFECT OF QUINIDINE MAY ANTAGONIZE THE VAGAL-STIMULATING EFFECT OF CHOLINERGIC DRUGS. QUINIDINE SHOULD BE USED WITH CAUTION IN PATIENTS WITH MYASTHENIA GRAVIS WHO ARE BEING TREATED WITH CHOLINERGIC DRUGS.Neostigmine failed to modify the development of neuromuscular block in the presence of a high local concn of tubocurarine.For more Interactions (Complete) data for NEOSTIGMINE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.
Unerwünschte Wirkungen	Several adverse effects of neostigmine can affect multiple organ systems, most of which are related to the cholinergic adverse effects of the drug. Cardiac muscarinic effects include bradyarrhythmias like junctional escape rhythms, complete heart block, and asystole. One potentially life-threatening adverse effect of neostigmine is bronchoconstriction. Neostigmine and other anticholinesterase inhibitors can stimulate the muscarinic receptors in the airway smooth muscle, potentially leading to bronchospasm. Other adverse effects include increased secretions, miosis, nausea, and increased peristalsis.
Toxizitätsübersicht	Signs and Symptoms of OverdoseNeostigmine overdose may cause muscarinic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, increased bronchial and salivary secretions, and bradycardia. A severe overdose can also cause a cholinergic crisis, which can cause muscle weakness and may result in death due to the involvement of respiratory muscles. Distinguishing between cholinergic and myasthenic crises is crucial, as their management differs.
Human Toxicity Excerpts	EFFECTS...ON CNS ARE...CHARACTERIZED BY STIMULATION OR FACILITATION @ VARIOUS SITES, SUCCEEDED BY INHIBITION OR PARALYSIS @ HIGHER CONCN. ... RESPIRATORY & OTHER SUBCORTICAL CENTERS LIKEWISE SHOW STIMULATION AFTER LOW DOSES & DEPRESSION WITH HIGHER OR TOXIC DOSES. /ANTI-CHOLINESTERASE AGENTS/MISCELLANEOUS OCULAR SIDE EFFECTS THAT MAY OCCUR FOLLOWING LOCAL INSTILLATION OF ANTI-CHE AGENTS ARE HEADACHE, BROW PAIN, BLURRED VISION, PHACODINESIS, PERICORNEAL INJECTION, CONGESTIVE IRITIS, VARIOUS ALLERGIC REACTIONS, AND RARELY, RETINAL DETACHMENT. WHEN ANTI-CHE DRUGS ARE INSTILLED INTRACONJUNCTIVALLY AT FREQUENT INTERVALS, SUFFICIENT ABSORPTION MAY OCCUR TO PRODUCE VARIOUS SYSTEMIC EFFECTS, WHICH RESULT FROM INHIBITION OF TISSUE ACHE... /ANTI-CHOLINESTERASE AGENTS/

Anwendungen & Verwendung

Verwenden

Cholinergic.

Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts

Neostigmine induced (0.1-1 mM) positive inotropic effects on driven guinea pig isolated atria. Neostigmine also incr cardiac frequency of spontaneously beating atria. The positive inotropic effect of neostigmine was not caused by a nicotine-like action of the drug.Morphological techniques were used to determine the acute and chronic effects of neostigmine on rat muscles. Transient calcium deposits were independent of fiber type and found at sites corresponding to neostigmine-induced focal lesions. Characteristic intermediate findings consisted of rod bodies and ribosomal clusters. Such clusters were frequently mingled and clumped sarcoplasmic reticulums, T-systems, or mitochondria. The focal myopathic changes were reversible with the exception of those in the synaptic region of the end plates.

Antidote and Emergency Treatment

1) ESTABLISH CLEAR AIRWAY & TISSUE OXYGENATION BY ASPIRATION OF SECRETIONS & IF NECESSARY, BY ASSISTED PULMONARY VENTILATION WITH OXYGEN. IMPROVE TISSUE OXYGENATION AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE BEFORE ADMINISTERING ATROPINE TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. /CARBAMATES, CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS/2) ADMIN ATROPINE SULFATE IV, OR IM IF IV INJECTION IS NOT POSSIBLE... IN MODERATELY SEVERE POISONING: ADULT DOSAGE, INCLUDING CHILDREN OVER 12 YR: 0.4-2.0 MG REPEATED EVERY 15 MIN UNTIL ATROPINIZATION IS ACHIEVED (TACHYCARDIA, FLUSHING, DRY MOUTH, MYDRIASIS). MAINTAIN ATROPINIZATION BY REPEATED DOSES FOR 2-12 HR, OR LONGER, DEPENDING ON SEVERITY OF POISONING... DOSAGE FOR CHILDREN UNDER 12 YEARS: 0.05 MG/KG BODY WT REPEATED EVERY 15 MIN UNTIL ATROPINIZATION IS ACHIEVED. MAINTAIN ATROPINIZATION WITH REPEATED DOSAGE OF 0.02-0.05 MG/KG. SEVERELY POISONED INDIVIDUALS MAY EXHIBIT REMARKABLE TOLERANCE TO ATROPINETWICE THE DOSES SUGGESTED ABOVE MAY BE NEEDED... /CARBAMATES, CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS/3. PRALIDOXIME (PROTOPAM-AYERST, 2-PAM) IS OF DOUBTFUL VALUE IN POISONINGS BY CARBAMATE INHIBITORS OF CHOLINESTERASE. ATROPINE ALONE IS ALMOST ALWAYS AN ADEQUATE ANTIDOTE. PRALIDOXIME IS PROBABLY CONTRAINDICATED IN POISONINGS BY CARBARYL, SPECIFICALLY. IF VICTIM OF CARBAMATE POISONING EXHIBITS SEVERE MUSCLE WEAKNESS &/OR RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, OR IF POISONING INVOLVES A COMBINATION OF CARBAMATE & ORGANOPHOSPHATE, A DILUTE SOLUTION OF PRALIDOXIME (TOTAL DOSE IN 250 ML 5% GLUCOSE SOLN) MAY BE GIVEN CAUTIOUSLY IV. THE INFUSION SHOULD BE TERMINATED IF PATIENT'S CONDITION WORSENS. PRALIDOXIME DOSAGE: ADULTS, 1.0 GFOR CHILDREN UNDER 12 YR, 20-50 MG/KG. 4. OBSERVE TREATED PATIENTS CLOSELY AT LEAST 24 HR TO INSURE THAT SYMPTOMS (POSSIBLY PULMONARY EDEMA) DO NOT RECUR AS ATROPINIZATION WEARS OFF. IN VERY SEVERE POISONINGS, METABOLIC DISPOSITION OF TOXICANT MAY REQUIRE SEVERAL HR OR DAYS DURING WHICH ATROPINIZATION MUST BE MAINTAINED. /CARBAMATES, CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS/6. IF...INGESTED IN QUANTITY SUFFICIENT TO CAUSE POISONING, EMPTY THE STOMACH & INTESTINE. A. IF VICTIM IS ALERT & RESPIRATION IS NOT DEPRESSED, GIVE SYRUP OF IPECAC, FOLLOWED BY 1-2 GLASSES OF WATER TO INDUCE VOMITINGADULTS (INCLUDING CHILDREN OVER 12), 30 MLCHILDREN (UNDER 12 YR), 15 ML. CAUTION: OBSERVE VICTIM CLOSELY AFTER ADMIN IPECAC, IF CONSCIOUSNESS LEVEL DECLINES, OR IF VOMITING HAS NOT OCCURRED IN 15 MIN, PROCEED IMMEDIATELY TO INTUBATE THE STOMACH. FOLLOWING EMESIS, HAVE VICTIM DRINK A SUSPENSION OF /PRC: 30 G ACTIVATED CHARCOAL IN 3-4 OZ OF WATER (CHILDREN), 100 G IN 8-10 OZ OF WATER (ADULTS)/...TO BIND TOXICANT REMAINING IN THE GI TRACT. /CARBAMATES, CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS/For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for NEOSTIGMINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.