Bimatoprost

soluble in water

1.87e-02 g/L

Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Antiglaucoma Agents; Prostaglandins

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

EMA approved medicines: Human medicine

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

Danger

H302 (23.8%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P203, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P317, P318, P321, P330, P337+P317, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 21 reports by companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

S01EE03

S - Sensory organs

QS - Sensory organs

High intraocular pressure is a major risk factor for glaucoma-related visual field loss. A linear relationship exists between intraocular pressure and the risk of damaging the optic nerve, which can lead to considerable visual impairment. Therefore, conditions such as ocular hypertension and glaucoma can cause dangerous elevations of intraocular pressure. Bimatoprost rapidly decreases intraocular pressure and reduces the risk for visual field loss from ocular hypertension due to various causes. Other effects of this drug may include gradual changes in eyelid pigmentation, changes in iris pigmentation, changes in eyelash pigmentation, growth and thickness. Patients should be informed of these possible effects, especially if this drug is only administered to one eye, which may noticeably change in appearance with bimatoprost treatment.

Bimatoprost imitates the effects of prostamides, specifically prostaglandin F2α. Bimatoprost mildly stimulates aqueous humor outflow, relieving elevated intraocular pressure and decreasing the risk of optic nerve damage. It is thought that bimatoprost reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) in humans by causing an increase in outflow of the aqueous humor via the trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral pathways. It achieves the above effects by decreasing tonographic resistance to aqueous humor outflow. Bimatoprost does not affect aqueous humor production.

Bimatoprost is hydrolyzed to its active form, bimatoprost acid, in the eye. Bimatoprost undergoes oxidation, N-deethylation, and glucuronidation after it is systemically absorbed, and this leads to the production of various metabolites. In vitro studies show that CYP3A4 is an enzyme that participates in the metabolism of bimatoprost. Despite this, many enzymes and pathways metabolize bimatoprost, therefore, no significant drug-drug interactions are likely to occur. Glucuronidated metabolites comprise most of the excreted drug product in the blood, urine, and feces in rats.

QXS94885MZ

BIMATOPROST

Established Pharmacologic Class [EPC] - Prostaglandin Analog

Chemical Structure [CS] - Prostaglandins

Bimatoprost is a Prostaglandin Analog.

BIMATOPROST

Drugs used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular HYPERTENSION regardless of pharmacological mechanism. Among the antihypertensive agents are DIURETICS; (especially DIURETICS, THIAZIDE); ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS; and VASODILATOR AGENTS.

This drug is absorbed systemically when administered to the eye. A study was performed on 15 healthy volunteers and bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.03% was administered once daily for 14 days. The mean Cmax was approximately 0.08 ng/mL and AUC0-24hr was approximately 0.09 on days 7 and 14 of the study. By 10 minutes, peak blood concentration was achieved. Bimatoprost was not detectable at 1.5 hours after administration in most subjects. The maximum blood concentration in a study of 6 healthy volunteers was determined to be 12.2 ng/mL. Steady state was reached in the first week of dosing. One drug label mentions that onset of decreased intraocular pressure occurs approximately 4 hours after the first administration and the peak effect occurs in the range of 8-12 hours. Bimatoprost effects may last up to 24 hours.

One pharmacokinetic study of bimatoprost in 6 healthy volunteers determined that 67% of the administered dose was found to be excreted in the urine while 25% of the dose was recovered in the feces.

The volume of distribution at steady state is 0.67 L/kg.. It penetrates the human cornea and sclera.

The clearance was measured to be 1.5 L/hr/kg in healthy subjects receiving IV administration of bimatoprost dosed at 3.12 ug/kg.